8 letter words

Abortive (v.) Cutting short; as, abortive treatment of typhoid fever.

Academic (n.) One holding the philosophy of Socrates and Plato; a Platonist.

Acalephs (pl. ) of Acalephan

Acephala (n. pl.) That division of the Mollusca which includes the bivalve shells, like the clams and oysters; -- so called because they have no evident head. Formerly the group included the Tunicata, Brachiopoda, and sometimes the Bryozoa. See Mollusca.

Acephali (n. pl.) A fabulous people reported by ancient writers to have heads.

Acephali (n. pl.) A Christian sect without a leader.

Acephali (n. pl.) Bishops and certain clergymen not under regular diocesan control.

Acephali (n. pl.) A class of levelers in the time of K. Henry I.

Acrostic (n.) A composition, usually in verse, in which the first or the last letters of the lines, or certain other letters, taken in order, form a name, word, phrase, or motto.

Acrostic (n.) A Hebrew poem in which the lines or stanzas begin with the letters of the alphabet in regular order (as Psalm cxix.). See Abecedarian.

Actinism (n.) The property of radiant energy (found chiefly in solar or electric light) by which chemical changes are produced, as in photography.

Adelphia (n.) A "brotherhood," or collection of stamens in a bundle; -- used in composition, as in the class names, Monadelphia, Diadelphia, etc.

Adreamed (p. p.) Visited by a dream; -- used in the phrase, To be adreamed, to dream.

Adynamia (n.) Considerable debility of the vital powers, as in typhoid fever.

Aerology (n.) That department of physics which treats of the atmosphere.

Aethogen (n.) A compound of nitrogen and boro/, which, when heated before the blowpipe, gives a brilliant phosphorescent; boric nitride.

Affodill (n.) Asphodel.

Agnostic (n.) One who professes ignorance, or denies that we have any knowledge, save of phenomena; one who supports agnosticism, neither affirming nor denying the existence of a personal Deity, a future life, etc.

Agraphia (n.) The absence or loss of the power of expressing ideas by written signs. It is one form of aphasia.

Agraphic (a.) Characterized by agraphia.

Algaroth (n.) A term used for the Powder of Algaroth, a white powder which is a compound of trichloride and trioxide of antimony. It was formerly used in medicine as an emetic, purgative, and diaphoretic.

All hail (interj.) All health; -- a phrase of salutation or welcome.

Alphabet (n.) The letters of a language arranged in the customary order; the series of letters or signs which form the elements of written language.

Alphabet (n.) The simplest rudiments; elements.

Alphabet (v. t.) To designate by the letters of the alphabet; to arrange alphabetically.

Aluminic (a.) Of or containing aluminium; as, aluminic phosphate.

Alunogen (n.) A white fibrous mineral frequently found on the walls of mines and quarries, chiefly hydrous sulphate of alumina; -- also called feather alum, and hair salt.

Ammonite (n.) A fossil cephalopod shell related to the nautilus. There are many genera and species, and all are extinct, the typical forms having existed only in the Mesozoic age, when they were exceedingly numerous. They differ from the nautili in having the margins of the septa very much lobed or plaited, and the siphuncle dorsal. Also called serpent stone, snake stone, and cornu Ammonis.

Amorphas (pl. ) of Amorpha

Amphibia (n. pl.) One of the classes of vertebrates.

Amphibia (pl. ) of Amphibium

Amphigen (n.) An element that in combination produces amphid salt; -- applied by Berzelius to oxygen, sulphur, selenium, and tellurium.

Amphipod (n.) One of the Amphipoda.

Amphipod (a.) Alt. of Amphipodan

Amphiuma (n.) A genus of amphibians, inhabiting the Southern United States, having a serpentlike form, but with four minute limbs and two persistent gill openings; the Congo snake.

Amphoral (a.) Pertaining to, or resembling, an amphora.

Amphoric (a.) Produced by, or indicating, a cavity in the lungs, not filled, and giving a sound like that produced by blowing into an empty decanter; as, amphoric respiration or resonance.

Anabasis (n.) A journey or expedition up from the coast, like that of the younger Cyrus into Central Asia, described by Xenophon in his work called "The Anabasis."

Anaglyph (n.) Any sculptured, chased, or embossed ornament worked in low relief, as a cameo.

Anagraph (n.) An inventory; a record.

Analemma (n.) An orthographic projection of the sphere on the plane of the meridian, the eye being supposed at an infinite distance, and in the east or west point of the horizon.

Analemma (n.) An instrument of wood or brass, on which this projection of the sphere is made, having a movable horizon or cursor; -- formerly much used in solving some common astronomical problems.

Anaphora (n.) A repetition of a word or of words at the beginning of two or more successive clauses.

Anecdote (n.) A particular or detached incident or fact of an interesting nature; a biographical incident or fragment; a single passage of private life.

Annulata (n. pl.) A class of articulate animals, nearly equivalent to Annelida, including the marine annelids, earthworms, Gephyrea, Gymnotoma, leeches, etc. See Annelida.

Anophyte (n.) A moss or mosslike plant which cellular stems, having usually an upward growth and distinct leaves.

Antimony (n.) An elementary substance, resembling a metal in its appearance and physical properties, but in its chemical relations belonging to the class of nonmetallic substances. Atomic weight, 120. Symbol, Sb.

Antinomy (n.) A contradiction or incompatibility of thought or language; -- in the Kantian philosophy, such a contradiction as arises from the attempt to apply to the ideas of the reason, relations or attributes which are appropriate only to the facts or the concepts of experience.

Antiphon (n.) A musical response; alternate singing or chanting. See Antiphony, and Antiphone.

Antiphon (n.) A verse said before and after the psalms.

Aphakial (a.) Pertaining to aphakia; as, aphakial eyes.

Aphanite (n.) A very compact, dark-colored /ock, consisting of hornblende, or pyroxene, and feldspar, but neither of them in perceptible grains.

Aphelion (n.) That point of a planet's or comet's orbit which is most distant from the sun, the opposite point being the perihelion.

Aphetism (n.) An aphetized form of a word.

Aphetize (v. t.) To shorten by aphesis.

Aphidian (a.) Of or pertaining to the family Aphidae.

Aphidian (n.) One of the aphides; an aphid.

Aphonous (a.) Without voice; voiceless; nonvocal.

Aphorism (n.) A comprehensive maxim or principle expressed in a few words; a sharply defined sentence relating to abstract truth rather than to practical matters.

Aphorist (n.) A writer or utterer of aphorisms.

Aphorize (v. i.) To make aphorisms.

Aphthoid (a.) Of the nature of aphthae; resembling thrush.

Aphthong (n.) A letter, or a combination of letters, employed in spelling a word, but in the pronunciation having no sound.

Aphthous (a.) Pertaining to, or caused by, aphthae; characterized by aphtae; as, aphthous ulcers; aphthous fever.

Apograph (n.) A copy or transcript.

Apophyge (n.) The small hollow curvature given to the top or bottom of the shaft of a column where it expands to meet the edge of the fillet; -- called also the scape.

Apothegm (n.) Alt. of Apophthegm

Argonaut (n.) A cephalopod of the genus Argonauta.

Asbestos (n.) A variety of amphibole or of pyroxene, occurring in long and delicate fibers, or in fibrous masses or seams, usually of a white, gray, or green-gray color. The name is also given to a similar variety of serpentine.

Asphalte (n.) Asphaltic mastic or cement. See Asphalt, 2.

Asphodel (n.) A general name for a plant of the genus Asphodelus. The asphodels are hardy perennial plants, several species of which are cultivated for the beauty of their flowers.

Asphyxia (n.) Alt. of Asphyxy

Asterisk (n.) The figure of a star, thus, /, used in printing and writing as a reference to a passage or note in the margin, to supply the omission of letters or words, or to mark a word or phrase as having a special character.

Asterism (n.) An optical property of some crystals which exhibit a star-shaped by reflected light, as star sapphire, or by transmitted light, as some mica.

Atlantal (a.) Anterior; cephalic.

Atlantic (a.) Of or pertaining to Mt. Atlas in Libya, and hence applied to the ocean which lies between Europe and Africa on the east and America on the west; as, the Atlantic Ocean (called also the Atlantic); the Atlantic basin; the Atlantic telegraph.

Atmology (n.) That branch of science which treats of the laws and phenomena of aqueous vapor.

Atrophic (a.) Relating to atrophy.

Autonomy (n.) The sovereignty of reason in the sphere of morals; or man's power, as possessed of reason, to give law to himself. In this, according to Kant, consist the true nature and only possible proof of liberty.

Autotype (n.) A photographic picture produced in sensitized pigmented gelatin by exposure to light under a negative; and subsequent washing out of the soluble parts; a kind of picture in ink from a gelatin plate.

Avowance (n.) Upholding; defense; vindication.

Baconian (a.) Of or pertaining to Lord Bacon, or to his system of philosophy.

Baculite (n.) A cephalopod of the extinct genus Baculites, found fossil in the Cretaceous rocks. It is like an uncoiled ammonite.

Baphomet (n.) An idol or symbolical figure which the Templars were accused of using in their mysterious rites.

Bedphere (n.) See Bedfere.

Bellbird (n.) The Myzantha melanophrys of Australia.

Biforine (n.) An oval sac or cell, found in the leaves of certain plants of the order Araceae. It has an opening at each end through which raphides, generated inside, are discharged.

Bisexual (a.) Of both sexes; hermaphrodite; as a flower with stamens and pistil, or an animal having ovaries and testes.

Bloedite (n.) A hydrous sulphate of magnesium and sodium.

Bontebok (n.) The pied antelope of South Africa (Alcelaphus pygarga). Its face and rump are white. Called also nunni.

Breasted (a.) Having a breast; -- used in composition with qualifying words, in either a literal or a metaphorical sense; as, a single-breasted coat.

Brochure (v. t.) A printed and stitched book containing only a few leaves; a pamphlet.

Brushite (n.) A white or gray crystal.

Buddhism (n.) The religion based upon the doctrine originally taught by the Hindoo sage Gautama Siddartha, surnamed Buddha, "the awakened or enlightened," in the sixth century b. c., and adopted as a religion by the greater part of the inhabitants of Central and Eastern Asia and the Indian Islands. Buddha's teaching is believed to have been atheistic; yet it was characterized by elevated humanity and morality. It presents release from existence (a beatific enfranchisement, Nirvana)

Buoyancy (n.) The property of floating on the surface of a liquid, or in a fluid, as in the atmosphere; specific lightness, which is inversely as the weight compared with that of an equal volume of water.

Caboodle (n.) The whole collection; the entire quantity or number; -- usually in the phrase the whole caboodle.

Cachalot (n.) The sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus). It has in the top of its head a large cavity, containing an oily fluid, which, after death, concretes into a whitish crystal.

Calamary (n.) A cephalopod, belonging to the genus Loligo and related genera. There are many species. They have a sack of inklike fluid which they discharge from the siphon tube, when pursued or alarmed, in order to confuse their enemies. Their shell is a thin horny plate, within the flesh of the back, shaped very much like a quill pen. In America they are called squids. See Squid.

Calamite (n.) A fossil plant of the coal formation, having the general form of plants of the modern Equiseta (the Horsetail or Scouring Rush family) but sometimes attaining the height of trees, and having the stem more or less woody within. See Acrogen, and Asterophyllite.

Califate (n.) Same as Caliph, Caliphate, etc.

Calliope (n.) The Muse that presides over eloquence and heroic poetry; mother of Orpheus, and chief of the nine Muses.

Callosum (n.) The great band commissural fibers which unites the two cerebral hemispheres. See corpus callosum, under Carpus.

Calotype (n.) A method of taking photographic pictures, on paper sensitized with iodide of silver; -- also called Talbotype, from the inventor, Mr. Fox. Talbot.

Camphene (n.) One of a series of substances C10H16, resembling camphor, regarded as modified terpenes.

Camphine (n.) Rectified oil of turpentine, used for burning in lamps, and as a common solvent in varnishes.

Camphire (n.) An old spelling of Camphor.

Capacity (n.) The power of receiving or containing; extent of room or space; passive power; -- used in reference to physical things.

Carbanil (n.) A mobile liquid, CO.N.C6H5, of pungent odor. It is the phenyl salt of isocyanic acid.

Carbolic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid derived from coal tar and other sources; as, carbolic acid (called also phenic acid, and phenol). See Phenol.

Cenotaph (n.) An empty tomb or a monument erected in honor of a person who is buried elsewhere.

Cephalad (adv.) Forwards; towards the head or anterior extremity of the body; opposed to caudad.

Cephalic (a.) Of or pertaining to the head. See the Note under Anterior.

Cephalic (n.) A medicine for headache, or other disorder in the head.

Cephalon (n.) The head.

Ceratine (a.) Sophistical.

Cerebrin (n.) A nonphosphorized, nitrogenous substance, obtained from brain and nerve tissue by extraction with boiling alcohol. It is uncertain whether it exists as such in nerve tissue, or is a product of the decomposition of some more complex substance.

Cherubim (n.) The Hebrew plural of Cherub.. Cf. Seraphim.

Chiasmus (n.) An inversion of the order of words or phrases, when repeated or subsequently referred to in a sentence

Chimaera (n.) A cartilaginous fish of several species, belonging to the order Holocephali. The teeth are few and large. The head is furnished with appendages, and the tail terminates in a point.

Chondrin (n.) A colorless, amorphous, nitrogenous substance, tasteless and odorless, formed from cartilaginous tissue by long-continued action of boiling water. It is similar to gelatin, and is a large ingredient of commercial gelatin.

Chromule (n.) A general name for coloring matter of plants other than chlorophyll, especially that of petals.

Chrysene (n.) One of the higher aromatic hydrocarbons of coal tar, allied to naphthalene and anthracene. It is a white crystal.

Cincture (n.) The fillet, listel, or band next to the apophyge at the extremity of the shaft of a column.

Cinnabar (n.) Red sulphide of mercury, occurring in brilliant red crystals, and also in red or brown amorphous masses. It is used in medicine.

Cinnabar (n.) The artificial red sulphide of mercury used as a pigment; vermilion.

Ciphered (imp. & p. p.) of Cipher

Cipherer (n.) One who ciphers.

Clawback (n.) A flatterer or sycophant.

Clawback (a.) Flattering; sycophantic.

Cockatoo (n.) A bird of the Parrot family, of the subfamily Cacatuinae, having a short, strong, and much curved beak, and the head ornamented with a crest, which can be raised or depressed at will. There are several genera and many species; as the broad-crested (Plictolophus, / Cacatua, cristatus), the sulphur-crested (P. galeritus), etc. The palm or great black cockatoo of Australia is Microglossus aterrimus.

Coercion (n.) The application to another of either physical or moral force. When the force is physical, and cannot be resisted, then the act produced by it is a nullity, so far as concerns the party coerced. When the force is moral, then the act, though voidable, is imputable to the party doing it, unless he be so paralyzed by terror as to act convulsively. At the same time coercion is not negatived by the fact of submission under force.

Coliseum (n.) The amphitheater of Vespasian at Rome, the largest in the world.

Colophon (n.) An inscription, monogram, or cipher, containing the place and date of publication, printer's name, etc., formerly placed on the last page of a book.

Concerto (n.) A composition (usually in symphonic form with three movements) in which one instrument (or two or three) stands out in bold relief against the orchestra, or accompaniment, so as to display its qualities or the performer's skill.

Conquest (n.) The act or process of conquering, or acquiring by force; the act of overcoming or subduing opposition by force, whether physical or moral; subjection; subjugation; victory.

Conquest (n.) That which is conquered; possession gained by force, physical or moral.

Contract (n.) To draw together or nearer; to reduce to a less compass; to shorten, narrow, or lessen; as, to contract one's sphere of action.

Convexed (a.) Made convex; protuberant in a spherical form.

Cootfoot (n.) The phalarope; -- so called because its toes are like the coot's.

Copperas (n.) Green vitriol, or sulphate of iron; a green crystal.

Coquette (n.) A tropical humming bird of the genus Lophornis, with very elegant neck plumes. Several species are known. See Illustration under Spangle, v. t.

Coracoid (a.) Pertaining to a bone of the shoulder girdle in most birds, reptiles, and amphibians, which is reduced to a process of the scapula in most mammals.

Corallum (n.) The coral or skeleton of a zoophyte, whether calcareous of horny, simple or compound. See Coral.

Corundum (n.) The earth alumina, as found native in a crystal.

Coryphee (n.) A ballet dancer.

Coryphei (pl. ) of Corypheus

Creosote (n.) Wood-tar oil; an oily antiseptic liquid, of a burning smoky taste, colorless when pure, but usually colored yellow or brown by impurity or exposure. It is a complex mixture of various phenols and their ethers, and is obtained by the distillation of wood tar, especially that of beechwood.

Crossrow (n.) The alphabet; -- called also Christcross-row.

Crowfoot (n.) A number of small cords rove through a long block, or euphroe, to suspend an awning by.

Crucible (n.) A vessel or melting pot, composed of some very refractory substance, as clay, graphite, platinum, and used for melting and calcining substances which require a strong degree of heat, as metals, ores, etc.

Curculio (n.) One of a large group of beetles (Rhynchophora) of many genera; -- called also weevils, snout beetles, billbeetles, and billbugs. Many of the species are very destructive, as the plum curculio, the corn, grain, and rice weevils, etc.

Cyclamin (n.) A white amorphous substance, regarded as a glucoside, extracted from the corm of Cyclamen Europaeum.

Cyrenaic (a.) Pertaining to Cyrenaica, an ancient country of northern Africa, and to Cyrene, its principal city; also, to a school of philosophy founded by Aristippus, a native of Cyrene.

Cyrenian (n.) One of a school of philosophers, established at Cyrene by Aristippus, a disciple of Socrates. Their doctrines were nearly the same as those of the Epicureans.

Daffodil (n.) A plant of the genus Asphodelus.

Danalite (n.) A mineral occuring in octahedral crystals, also massive, of a reddish color. It is a silicate of iron, zinc manganese, and glucinum, containing sulphur.

Dauphine (n.) The title of the wife of the dauphin.

Decapoda (n. pl.) A division of the dibranchiate cephalopods including the cuttlefishes and squids. See Decacera.

Decipher (v. t.) To translate from secret characters or ciphers into intelligible terms; as, to decipher a letter written in secret characters.

Decipher (v. t.) To find out, so as to be able to make known the meaning of; to make out or read, as words badly written or partly obliterated; to detect; to reveal; to unfold.

Decipher (v. t.) To stamp; to detect; to discover.

Deferent (n.) An imaginary circle surrounding the earth, in whose periphery either the heavenly body or the center of the heavenly body's epicycle was supposed to be carried round.

Delphian (a.) Delphic.

Delphine (a.) Pertaining to the dauphin of France; as, the Delphin classics, an edition of the Latin classics, prepared in the reign of Louis XIV., for the use of the dauphin (in usum Delphini).

Delphine (a.) Pertaining to the dolphin, a genus of fishes.

Dephlegm (v. t.) To rid of phlegm or water; to dephlegmate.

Describe (v. t.) To represent by words written or spoken; to give an account of; to make known to others by words or signs; as, the geographer describes countries and cities.

Detonate (v. i.) To explode with a sudden report; as, niter detonates with sulphur.

Diaglyph (n.) An intaglio.

Diagraph (n.) A drawing instrument, combining a protractor and scale.

Diameter (n.)

Diaphane (n.) A woven silk stuff with transparent and colored figures; diaper work.

Diaphote (n.) An instrument designed for transmitting pictures by telegraph.

Diapnoic (a.) Slightly increasing an insensible perspiration; mildly diaphoretic.

Diapnoic (n.) A gentle diaphoretic.

Diatribe (n.) A prolonged or exhaustive discussion; especially, an acrimonious or invective harangue; a strain of abusive or railing language; a philippic.

Diogenes (n.) A Greek Cynic philosopher (412?-323 B. C.) who lived much in Athens and was distinguished for contempt of the common aims and conditions of life, and for sharp, caustic sayings.

Diphenyl (n.) A white crystal.

Disacryl (n.) A white amorphous substance obtained as a polymeric modification of acrolein.

Dispatch (v. t.) A message transmitted by telegraph.

Disposal (n.) Power or authority to dispose of, determine the condition of, control, etc., especially in the phrase at, or in, the disposal of.

Docimacy (n.) The art or practice of applying tests to ascertain the nature, quality, etc., of objects, as of metals or ores, of medicines, or of facts pertaining to physiology.

Dogmatic (n.) One of an ancient sect of physicians who went by general principles; -- opposed to the Empiric.

Doricism (n.) A Doric phrase or idiom.

Doubtful (a.) Not settled in opinion; undetermined; wavering; hesitating in belief; also used, metaphorically, of the body when its action is affected by such a state of mind; as, we are doubtful of a fact, or of the propriety of a measure.

Doubtful (a.) Characterized by ambiguity; dubious; as, a doubtful expression; a doubtful phrase.

Downweed (n.) Cudweed, a species of Gnaphalium.

Druggist (n.) One who deals in drugs; especially, one who buys and sells drugs without compounding them; also, a pharmaceutist or apothecary.

Druidess (n.) A female Druid; a prophetess.

Druidism (n.) The system of religion, philosophy, and instruction, received and taught by the Druids; the rites and ceremonies of the Druids.

Dynamics (n.) The moving moral, as well as physical, forces of any kind, or the laws which relate to them.

Dynamist (n.) One who accounts for material phenomena by a theory of dynamics.

Dysphagy (n.) Difficulty in swallowing.

Dysphony (n.) A difficulty in producing vocal sounds; enfeebled or depraved voice.

Earthpea (n.) A species of pea (Amphicarpaea monoica). It is a climbing leguminous plant, with hairy underground pods.

Eclectic (a.) Selecting; choosing (what is true or excellent in doctrines, opinions, etc.) from various sources or systems; as, an eclectic philosopher.

Ecliptic (a.) A great circle of the celestial sphere, making an angle with the equinoctial of about 23? 28'. It is the apparent path of the sun, or the real path of the earth as seen from the sun.

Ecphasis (n.) An explicit declaration.

Efferent (a.) Conveying outward, or discharging; -- applied to certain blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves, etc.

Egophony (n.) The sound of a patient's voice so modified as to resemble the bleating of a goat, heard on applying the ear to the chest in certain diseases within its cavity, as in pleurisy with effusion.

Elaphine (a.) Pertaining to, resembling, or characteristic of, the stag, or Cervus elaphus.

Elaphure (n.) A species of deer (Elaphurus Davidianus) found in china. It is about four feet high at the shoulder and has peculiar antlers.

Elephant (n.) A mammal of the order Proboscidia, of which two living species, Elephas Indicus and E. Africanus, and several fossil species, are known. They have a proboscis or trunk, and two large ivory tusks proceeding from the extremity of the upper jaw, and curving upwards. The molar teeth are large and have transverse folds. Elephants are the largest land animals now existing.

Elephant (n.) Ivory; the tusk of the elephant.

Emphases (pl. ) of Emphasis

Emphasis (n.) A particular stress of utterance, or force of voice, given in reading and speaking to one or more words whose signification the speaker intends to impress specially upon his audience.

Emphasis (n.) A peculiar impressiveness of expression or weight of thought; vivid representation, enforcing assent; as, to dwell on a subject with great emphasis.

Emphatic (a.) Alt. of Emphatical

Emulsion (n.) Any liquid preparation of a color and consistency resembling milk; as: (a) In pharmacy, an extract of seeds, or a mixture of oil and water united by a mucilaginous substance. (b) In photography, a liquid preparation of collodion holding salt of silver, used in the photographic process.

Enargite (n.) An iron-black mineral of metallic luster, occurring in small orthorhombic crystals, also massive. It contains sulphur, arsenic, copper, and often silver.

Enchoric (a.) Belonging to, or used in, a country; native; domestic; popular; common; -- said especially of the written characters employed by the common people of ancient Egypt, in distinction from the hieroglyphics. See Demotic.

Endeavor (v. t.) To exert physical or intellectual strength for the attainment of; to use efforts to effect; to strive to achieve or reach; to try; to attempt.

Endeavor (n.) An exertion of physical or intellectual strength toward the attainment of an object; a systematic or continuous attempt; an effort; a trial.

Ensphere (v. t.) To place in a sphere; to envelop.

Ensphere (v. t.) To form into a sphere.

Entangle (v. t.) To involve in such complications as to render extrication a bewildering difficulty; hence, metaphorically, to insnare; to perplex; to bewilder; to puzzle; as, to entangle the feet in a net, or in briers.

Eophytic (a.) Of or pertaining to eophytes.

Ephemera (n.) A fever of one day's continuance only.

Ephemera (n.) A genus of insects including the day flies, or ephemeral flies. See Ephemeral fly, under Ephemeral.

Ephemera (pl. ) of Ephemeron

Ephesian (a.) Of or pertaining to Ephesus, an ancient city of Ionia, in Asia Minor.

Ephesian (n.) A native of Ephesus.

Ephesian (n.) A jolly companion; a roisterer.

Epicoele (n.) A cavity formed by the invagination of the outer wall of the body, as the atrium of an amphioxus and possibly the body cavity of vertebrates.

Epigraph (n.) Any inscription set upon a building; especially, one which has to do with the building itself, its founding or dedication.

Epigraph (n.) A citation from some author, or a sentence framed for the purpose, placed at the beginning of a work or of its separate divisions; a motto.

Epiphany (n.) An appearance, or a becoming manifest.

Epiphany (n.) A church festival celebrated on the 6th of January, the twelfth day after Christmas, in commemoration of the visit of the Magi of the East to Bethlehem, to see and worship the child Jesus; or, as others maintain, to commemorate the appearance of the star to the Magi, symbolizing the manifestation of Christ to the Gentles; Twelfthtide.

Epiphora (n.) The watery eye; a disease in which the tears accumulate in the eye, and trickle over the cheek.

Epiphora (n.) The emphatic repetition of a word or phrase, at the end of several sentences or stanzas.

Epiphyte (n.) An air plant which grows on other plants, but does not derive its nourishment from them. See Air plant.

Epiphyte (n.) A vegetable parasite growing on the surface of the body.

Epipubis (n.) A cartilage or bone in front of the pubis in some amphibians and other animals.

Epitasis (n.) That part which embraces the main action of a play, poem, and the like, and leads on to the catastrophe; -- opposed to protasis.

Epsomite (n.) Native sulphate of magnesia or Epsom salt.

Erastian (n.) One of the followers of Thomas Erastus, a German physician and theologian of the 16th century. He held that the punishment of all offenses should be referred to the civil power, and that holy communion was open to all. In the present day, an Erastian is one who would see the church placed entirely under the control of the State.

Ergotine () A powerful astringent alkaloid extracted from ergot as a brown, amorphous, bitter substance. It is used to produce contraction of the uterus.

Ericolin (n.) A glucoside found in the bearberry (and others of the Ericaceae), and extracted as a bitter, yellow, amorphous mass.

Eryngium (n.) A genus of umbelliferous plants somewhat like thistles in appearance. Eryngium maritimum, or sea holly, has been highly esteemed as an aphrodisiac, the roots being formerly candied.

Esoteric (a.) Designed for, and understood by, the specially initiated alone; not communicated, or not intelligible, to the general body of followers; private; interior; acroamatic; -- said of the private and more recondite instructions and doctrines of philosophers. Opposed to exoteric.

Estophed (imp. & p. p.) of Estop

Ethereal (a.) Pertaining to the hypothetical upper, purer air, or to the higher regions beyond the earth or beyond the atmosphere; celestial; as, ethereal space; ethereal regions.

Ethylene (n.) A colorless, gaseous hydrocarbon, C2H4, forming an important ingredient of illuminating gas, and also obtained by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid in alcohol. It is an unsaturated compound and combines directly with chlorine and bromine to form oily liquids (Dutch liquid), -- hence called olefiant gas. Called also ethene, elayl, and formerly, bicarbureted hydrogen.

Euphonic (a.) Alt. of Euphonical

Euphonon (n.) An instrument resembling the organ in tine and the upright piano in form. It is characterized by great strength and sweetness of tone.

Euphrasy (n.) The plant eyesight (euphrasia officionalis), formerly regarded as beneficial in disorders of the eyes.

Euphuism (n.) An affectation of excessive elegance and refinement of language; high-flown diction.

Euphuist (n.) One who affects excessive refinement and elegance of language; -- applied esp. to a class of writers, in the age of Elizabeth, whose productions are marked by affected conceits and high-flown diction.

Euphuize (v. t.) To affect excessive refinement in language; to be overnice in expression.

Eutrophy (n.) Healthy nutrition; soundless as regards the nutritive functions.

Exercise (n.) Exertion for the sake of training or improvement whether physical, intellectual, or moral; practice to acquire skill, knowledge, virtue, perfectness, grace, etc.

Exosmose (n.) The passage of gases, vapors, or liquids thought membranes or porous media from within outward, in the phenomena of osmose; -- opposed to endosmose. See Osmose.

Exterior (a.) External; outward; pertaining to that which is external; -- opposed to interior; as, the exterior part of a sphere.

External (a.) Outside of or separate from ourselves; (Metaph.) separate from the perceiving mind.

External (a.) Outwardly perceptible; visible; physical or corporeal, as distinguished from mental or moral.

Exultant (a.) Inclined to exult; characterized by, or expressing, exultation; rejoicing triumphantly.

Exulting (a.) Rejoicing triumphantly or exceedingly; exultant.

Fahlband (n.) A stratum in crystal.

Fan palm () Any palm tree having fan-shaped or radiate leaves; as the Chamaerops humilis of Southern Europe; the species of Sabal and Thrinax in the West Indies, Florida, etc.; and especially the great talipot tree (Corypha umbraculifera) of Ceylon and Malaya. The leaves of the latter are often eighteen feet long and fourteen wide, and are used for umbrellas, tents, and roofs. When cut up, they are used for books and manuscripts.

Ferretto (n.) Copper sulphide, used to color glass.

Figurate (a.) Figurative; metaphorical.

Fireback (n.) One of several species of pheasants of the genus Euplocamus, having the lower back a bright, fiery red. They inhabit Southern Asia and the East Indies.

Firework (n.) A device for producing a striking display of light, or a figure or figures in plain or colored fire, by the combustion of materials that burn in some peculiar manner, as gunpowder, sulphur, metallic filings, and various salts. The most common feature of fireworks is a paper or pasteboard tube filled with the combustible material. A number of these tubes or cases are often combined so as to make, when kindled, a great variety of figures in fire, often variously colored.

Floriken (n.) An Indian bustard (Otis aurita). The Bengal floriken is Sypheotides Bengalensis.

Flourish (v. t.) To move in bold or irregular figures; to swing about in circles or vibrations by way of show or triumph; to brandish.

Flourish (n.) A fantastic or decorative musical passage; a strain of triumph or bravado, not forming part of a regular musical composition; a cal; a fanfare.

Foliated (a.) Characterized by being separable into thin plates or folia; as, graphite has a foliated structure.

Follicle (n.) A small mass of adenoid tissue; as, a lymphatic follicle.

Foretell (v. t.) To predict; to tell before occurence; to prophesy; to foreshow.

Frenetir (a.) Distracted; mad; frantic; phrenetic.

Frogfish (n.) An oceanic fish of the genus Antennarius or Pterophrynoides; -- called also mousefish and toadfish.

Furfuran (n.) A colorless, oily substance, C4H4O, obtained by distilling certain organic substances, as pine wood, salts of pyromucic acid, etc.; -- called also tetraphenol.

Futurist (n.) One who believes or maintains that the fulfillment of the prophecies of the Bible is to be in the future.

Galactin (n.) An amorphous, gelatinous substance containing nitrogen, found in milk and other animal fluids. It resembles peptone, and is variously regarded as a coagulating or emulsifying agent.

Galactin (n.) An amorphous, gummy carbohydrate resembling gelose, found in the seeds of leguminous plants, and yielding on decomposition several sugars, including galactose.

Gallinae (n.) An order of birds, including the common domestic fowls, pheasants, grouse, quails, and allied forms; -- sometimes called Rasores.

Galvanic (a.) Of or pertaining to, or exhibiting the phenomena of, galvanism; employing or producing electrical currents.

Ganglion (n.) A node, or gland in the lymphatic system; as, a lymphatic ganglion.

Garancin (n.) An extract of madder by sulphuric acid. It consists essentially of alizarin.

Gastrula (n.) An embryonic form having its origin in the invagination or pushing in of the wall of the planula or blastula (the blastosphere) on one side, thus giving rise to a double-walled sac, with one opening or mouth (the blastopore) which leads into the cavity (the archenteron) lined by the inner wall (the hypoblast). See Illust. under Invagination. In a more general sense, an ideal stage in embryonic development. See Gastraea.

Geophila (n. pl.) The division of Mollusca which includes the land snails and slugs.

Gephyrea (n. pl.) An order of marine Annelida, in which the body is imperfectly, or not at all, annulated externally, and is mostly without setae.

Gerontes (n. pl.) Magistrates in Sparta, who with the ephori and kings, constituted the supreme civil authority.

Gilthead (n.) The Pagrus, / Chrysophrys, auratus, a valuable food fish common in the Mediterranean (so named from its golden-colored head); -- called also giltpoll.

Glabella (n.) The space between the eyebrows, also including the corresponding part of the frontal bone; the mesophryon.

Globated (a.) Having the form of a globe; spherical.

Globular (a.) Globe-shaped; having the form of a ball or sphere; spherical, or nearly so; as, globular atoms.

Glowlamp (n.) An aphlogistic lamp. See Aphlogistic.

Glucinum (n.) A rare metallic element, of a silver white color, and low specific gravity (2.1), resembling magnesium. It never occurs naturally in the free state, but is always combined, usually with silica or alumina, or both; as in the minerals phenacite, chrysoberyl, beryl or emerald, euclase, and danalite. It was named from its oxide glucina, which was known long before the element was isolated. Symbol Gl. Atomic weight 9.1. Called also beryllium.

Glycogen (n.) A white, amorphous, tasteless substance resembling starch, soluble in water to an opalescent fluid. It is found abundantly in the liver of most animals, and in small quantity in other organs and tissues, particularly in the embryo. It is quickly changed into sugar when boiled with dilute sulphuric or hydrochloric acid, and also by the action of amylolytic ferments.

Gnomical (a.) Sententious; uttering or containing maxims, or striking detached thoughts; aphoristic.

Godspeed (n.) Success; prosperous journeying; -- a contraction of the phrase, "God speed you."

Gonimous (a.) Pertaining to, or containing, gonidia or gonimia, as that part of a lichen which contains the green or chlorophyll-bearing cells.

Graafian (a.) Pertaining to, or discovered by, Regnier de Graaf, a Dutch physician.

Graphics (n.) The art or the science of drawing; esp. of drawing according to mathematical rules, as in perspective, projection, and the like.

Graphite (n.) Native carbon in hexagonal crystals, also foliated or granular massive, of black color and metallic luster, and so soft as to leave a trace on paper. It is used for pencils (improperly called lead pencils), for crucibles, and as a lubricator, etc. Often called plumbago or black lead.

Greenlet (n.) l. (Zool.) One of numerous species of small American singing birds, of the genus Vireo, as the solitary, or blue-headed (Vireo solitarius); the brotherly-love (V. Philadelphicus); the warbling greenlet (V. gilvus); the yellow-throated greenlet (V. flavifrons) and others. See Vireo.

Gryphaea (n.) A genus of cretaceous fossil shells allied to the oyster.

Gryphite (n.) A shell of the genus Gryphea.

Guelphic (a.) Alt. of Guelfic

Halation (n.) An appearance as of a halo of light, surrounding the edges of dark objects in a photographic picture.

Halfbeak (n.) Any slender, marine fish of the genus Hemirhamphus, having the upper jaw much shorter than the lower; -- called also balahoo.

Hatteria (n.) A New Zealand lizard, which, in anatomical character, differs widely from all other existing lizards. It is the only living representative of the order Rhynchocephala, of which many Mesozoic fossil species are known; -- called also Sphenodon, and Tuatera.

Hauerite (n.) Native sulphide of manganese a reddish brown or brownish black mineral.

Hauynite (n.) A blue isometric mineral, characteristic of some volcani/ rocks. It is a silicate of alumina, lime, and soda, with sulphate of lime.

Headache (n.) Pain in the head; cephalalgia.

Hegelism (n.) The system of logic and philosophy set forth by Hegel, a German writer (1770-1831).

Hematein (n.) A reddish brown or violet crystal.

Hepatize (v. t.) To impregnate with sulphureted hydrogen gas, formerly called hepatic gas.

Hercules (n.) A constellation in the northern hemisphere, near Lyra.

Heredity (n.) Hereditary transmission of the physical and psychical qualities of parents to their offspring; the biological law by which living beings tend to repeat their characteristics in their descendants. See Pangenesis.

Hiccough (n.) A modified respiratory movement; a spasmodic inspiration, consisting of a sudden contraction of the diaphragm, accompanied with closure of the glottis, so that further entrance of air is prevented, while the impulse of the column of air entering and striking upon the closed glottis produces a sound, or hiccough.

Homology (n.) The correspondence or resemblance of substances belonging to the same type or series; a similarity of composition varying by a small, regular difference, and usually attended by a regular variation in physical properties; as, there is an homology between methane, CH4, ethane, C2H6, propane, C3H8, etc., all members of the paraffin series. In an extended sense, the term is applied to the relation between chemical elements of the same group

Honeydew (n.) A sweet, saccharine substance, found on the leaves of trees and other plants in small drops, like dew. Two substances have been called by this name; one exuded from the plants, and the other secreted by certain insects, esp. aphids.

Hornbook (n.) The first book for children, or that from which in former times they learned their letters and rudiments; -- so called because a sheet of horn covered the small, thin board of oak, or the slip of paper, on which the alphabet, digits, and often the Lord's Prayer, were written or printed; a primer.

Hornwort (n.) An aquatic plant (Ceratophyllum), with finely divided leaves.

Humanize (v. t.) To convert into something human or belonging to man; as, to humanize vaccine lymph.

Humidity (n.) Moisture; dampness; a moderate degree of wetness, which is perceptible to the eye or touch; -- used especially of the atmosphere, or of anything which has absorbed moisture from the atmosphere, as clothing.

Humpback (n.) Any whale of the genus Megaptera, characterized by a hump or bunch on the back. Several species are known. The most common ones in the North Atlantic are Megaptera longimana of Europe, and M. osphyia of America; that of the California coasts is M. versabilis.

Hydrogen (n.) A gaseous element, colorless, tasteless, and odorless, the lightest known substance, being fourteen and a half times lighter than air (hence its use in filling balloons), and over eleven thousand times lighter than water. It is very abundant, being an ingredient of water and of many other substances, especially those of animal or vegetable origin. It may by produced in many ways, but is chiefly obtained by the action of acids (as sulphuric) on metals, as zinc, iron, etc.

Hydrotic (a.) Causing a discharge of water or phlegm.

Hydrozoa (n. pl.) The Acalephae; one of the classes of coelenterates, including the Hydroidea, Discophora, and Siphonophora.

Hylicist (n.) A philosopher who treats chiefly of matter; one who adopts or teaches hylism.

Hyoscine (n.) An alkaloid found with hyoscyamine (with which it is also isomeric) in henbane, and extracted as a white, amorphous, semisolid substance.

Hyphened (imp. & p. p.) of Hyphen

Hypnotic (n.) A person who exhibits the phenomena of, or is subject to, hypnotism.

Hypogeum (n.) The subterraneous portion of a building, as in amphitheaters, for the service of the games; also, subterranean galleries, as the catacombs.

Ideogram (n.) An original, pictorial element of writing; a kind of hieroglyph expressing no sound, but only an idea.

Ideogram (n.) A phonetic symbol; a letter.

Imperial (n.) Anything of unusual size or excellence, as a large decanter, a kind of large photograph, a large sheet of drowing, printing, or writing paper, etc.

Impotent (a.) Not potent; wanting power, strength. or vigor. whether physical, intellectual, or moral; deficient in capacity; destitute of force; weak; feeble; infirm.

Increase (v. i.) The period of increasing light, or luminous phase; the waxing; -- said of the moon.

Induline (n.) A dark green amorphous dyestuff

Inkstone (n.) A kind of stone containing native vitriol or subphate of iron, used in making ink.

Innocent (n.) An unsophisticated person; hence, a child; a simpleton; an idiot.

Insphere (v. t.) To place in, or as in, an orb a sphere. Cf. Ensphere.

Inspired (a.) Moved or animated by, or as by, a supernatural influence; affected by divine inspiration; as, the inspired prophets; the inspired writers.

Inverted (a.) Situated apparently in reverse order, as strata when folded back upon themselves by upheaval.

Iriscope (n.) A philosophical toy for exhibiting the prismatic tints by means of thin films.

Isomorph (n.) A substance which is similar to another in crystal.

Isotropy (n.) Uniformity of physical properties in all directions in a body; absence of all kinds of polarity; specifically, equal elasticity in all directions.

Jaborine (n.) An alkaloid found in jaborandi leaves, from which it is extracted as a white amorphous substance. In its action it resembles atropine.

Jacobite (n.) One of the sect of Syrian Monophysites. The sect is named after Jacob Baradaeus, its leader in the sixth century.

Japhetic (a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, Japheth, one of the sons of Noah; as, Japhetic nations, the nations of Europe and Northern Asia; Japhetic languages.

Jarosite (n.) An ocher-yellow mineral occurring on minute rhombohedral crystals. It is a hydrous sulphate of iron and potash.

Jubilant (a.) Uttering songs of triumph; shouting with joy; triumphant; exulting.

Kephalin (n.) One of a group of nitrogenous phosphorized principles, supposed by Thudichum to exist in brain tissue.

Kinology (n.) That branch of physics which treats of the laws of motion, or of moving bodies.

Lacewing (n.) Any one of several species of neuropterous insects of the genus Chrysopa and allied genera. They have delicate, lacelike wings and brilliant eyes. Their larvae are useful in destroying aphids. Called also lace-winged fly, and goldeneyed fly.

Lancelet (n.) A small fishlike animal (Amphioxus lanceolatus), remarkable for the rudimentary condition of its organs. It is the type of the class Leptocardia. See Amphioxus, Leptocardia.

Language (n.) The vocabulary and phraseology belonging to an art or department of knowledge; as, medical language; the language of chemistry or theology.

Larkspur (n.) A genus of ranunculaceous plants (Delphinium), having showy flowers, and a spurred calyx. They are natives of the North Temperate zone. The commonest larkspur of the gardens is D. Consolida. The flower of the bee larkspur (D. elatum) has two petals bearded with yellow hairs, and looks not unlike a bee.

Latinize (v. i.) To use words or phrases borrowed from the Latin.

Laurinol (n.) Ordinary camphor; -- so called in allusion to the family name (Lauraceae) of the camphor trees. See Camphor.

Lazulite (n.) A mineral of a light indigo-blue color, occurring in small masses, or in monoclinic crystals; blue spar. It is a hydrous phosphate of alumina and magnesia.

Learning (n.) The acquisition of knowledge or skill; as, the learning of languages; the learning of telegraphy.

Lecithin (n.) A complex, nitrogenous phosphorized substance widely distributed through the animal body, and especially conspicuous in the brain and nerve tissue, in yolk of eggs, and in the white blood corpuscles.

Letterer (n.) One who makes, inscribes, or engraves, alphabetical letters.

Libelous (a.) Containing or involving a libel; defamatory; containing that which exposes some person to public hatred, contempt, or ridicule; as, a libelous pamphlet.

Ligament (n.) A band of connective tissue, or a membranous fold, which supports or retains an organ in place; as, the gastrophrenic ligament, connecting the diaphragm and stomach.

Limoniad (n.) A nymph of the meadows; -- called also Limniad.

Linarite (n.) A hydrous sulphate of lead and copper occurring in bright blue monoclinic crystals.

Linoleum (n.) Linseed oil brought to various degrees of hardness by some oxidizing process, as by exposure to heated air, or by treatment with chloride of sulphur. In this condition it is used for many of the purposes to which India rubber has been applied.

Lipogram (n.) A writing composed of words not having a certain letter or letters; -- as in the Odyssey of Tryphiodorus there was no A in the first book, no B in the second, and so on.

Litharge (n.) Lead monoxide; a yellowish red substance, obtained as an amorphous powder, or crystallized in fine scales, by heating lead moderately in a current of air or by calcining lead nitrate or carbonate. It is used in making flint glass, in glazing earthenware, in making red lead minium, etc. Called also massicot.

Livelong (a.) Whole; entire; long in passing; -- used of time, as day or night, in adverbial phrases, and usually with a sense of tediousness.

Lobefoot (n.) A bird having lobate toes; esp., a phalarope.

Localism (n.) A method of speaking or acting peculiar to a certain district; a local idiom or phrase.

Locality (n.) Position; situation; a place; a spot; esp., a geographical place or situation, as of a mineral or plant.

Locution (n.) Speech or discourse; a phrase; a form or mode of expression.

Logogram (n.) A word letter; a phonogram, that, for the sake of brevity, represents a word; as, |, i. e., t, for it. Cf. Grammalogue.

Longbeak (n.) The American redbellied snipe (Macrorhamphus scolopaceus); -- called also long-billed dowitcher.

Longspur (n.) Any one of several species

Loophole (n.) A small opening, as in the walls of fortification, or in the bulkhead of a ship, through which small arms or other weapons may be discharged at an enemy.

Loophole (n.) A hole or aperture that gives a passage, or the means of escape or evasion.

Lymphate (a.) Alt. of Lymphated

Lymphoid (a.) Resembling lymph; also, resembling a lymphatic gland; adenoid; as, lymphoid tissue.

Lymphoma (n.) A tumor having a structure resembling that of a lymphatic gland; -- called also lymphadenoma.

Madrigal (n.) An unaccompanied polyphonic song, in four, five, or more parts, set to secular words, but full of counterpoint and imitation, and adhering to the old church modes. Unlike the freer glee, it is best sung with several voices on a part. See Glee.

Magazine (n.) A pamphlet published periodically containing miscellaneous papers or compositions.

Magister (n.) Master; sir; -- a title of the Middle Ages, given to a person in authority, or to one having a license from a university to teach philosophy and the liberal arts.

Maintain (v. t.) To hold or keep in any particular state or condition; to support; to sustain; to uphold; to keep up; not to suffer to fail or decline; as, to maintain a certain degree of heat in a furnace; to maintain a fence or a railroad; to maintain the digestive process or powers of the stomach; to maintain the fertility of soil; to maintain present reputation.

Mandelic (a.) Pertaining to an acid first obtained from benzoic aldehyde (oil of better almonds), as a white crystal.

Mandrake (n.) The May apple (Podophyllum peltatum). See May apple under May, and Podophyllum.

Mandrill (n.) a large West African baboon (Cynocephalus, / Papio, mormon). The adult male has, on the sides of the nose, large, naked, grooved swellings, conspicuously striped with blue and red.

Mangrove (n.) The name of one or two trees of the genus Rhizophora (R. Mangle, and R. mucronata, the last doubtfully distinct) inhabiting muddy shores of tropical regions, where they spread by emitting aerial roots

Mannitan (n.) A white amorphous or crystal.

Marasmus (n.) A wasting of flesh without fever or apparent disease; a kind of consumption; atrophy; phthisis.

Massicot (n.) Lead protoxide, PbO, obtained as a yellow amorphous powder, the fused and crystal.

Masticin (n.) A white, amorphous, tenacious substance resembling caoutchouc, and obtained as an insoluble residue of mastic.

Mastodon (n.) An extinct genus of mammals closely allied to the elephant, but having less complex molar teeth, and often a pair of lower, as well as upper, tusks, which are incisor teeth. The species were mostly larger than elephants, and their romains occur in nearly all parts of the world in deposits ranging from Miocene to late Quaternary time.

Material (a.) Consisting of matter; not spiritual; corporeal; physical; as, material substance or bodies.

Material (a.) Hence: Pertaining to, or affecting, the physical nature of man, as distinguished from the mental or moral nature; relating to the bodily wants, interests, and comforts.

Medicine (n.) Any substance administered in the treatment of disease; a remedial agent; a remedy; physic.

Medicine (n.) A philter or love potion.

Medicine (n.) A physician.

Medusoid (a.) Like a medusa; having the fundamental structure of a medusa, but without a locomotive disk; -- said of the sessile gonophores of hydroids.

Medusoid (n.) A sessile gonophore. See Illust. under Gonosome.

Melodeon (n.) A kind of small reed organ; -- a portable form of the seraphine.

Memphian (a.) Of or pertaining to the ancient city of Memphis in Egypt; hence, Egyptian; as, Memphian darkness.

Mephitic (a.) Alt. of Mephitical

Mephitis (n.) Noxious, pestilential, or foul exhalations from decomposing substances, filth, or other source.

Mephitis (n.) A genus of mammals, including the skunks.

Meridian (a.) A great circle of the sphere passing through the poles of the heavens and the zenith of a given place. It is crossed by the sun at midday.

Metaphor (n.) The transference of the relation between one set of objects to another set for the purpose of brief explanation; a compressed simile; e. g., the ship plows the sea.

Meteoric (a.) Of or pertaining to a meteor, or to meteors; atmospheric, as, meteoric phenomena; meteoric stones.

Mezereon (n.) A small European shrub (Daphne Mezereum), whose acrid bark is used in medicine.

Midbrain (n.) The middle segment of the brain; the mesencephalon. See Brain.

Mockbird (n.) The European sedge warbler (Acrocephalus phragmitis).

Mollusca (n. pl.) One of the grand divisions of the animal kingdom, including the classes Cephalopoda, Gastropoda, PteropodaScaphopoda, and Lamellibranchiata, or Conchifera. These animals have an unsegmented bilateral body, with most of the organs and parts paired, but not repeated longitudinally. Most of them develop a mantle, which incloses either a branchial or a pulmonary cavity. They are generally more or less covered and protected by a calcareous shell

Monazite (n.) A mineral occurring usually in small isolated crystals, -- a phosphate of the cerium metals.

Monkfish (n.) The angler (Lophius).

Monogram (n.) A character or cipher composed of two or more letters interwoven or combined so as to represent a name, or a part of it (usually the initials). Monograms are often used on seals, ornamental pins, rings, buttons, and by painters, engravers, etc., to distinguish their works.

Moorball (n.) A fresh-water alga (Cladophora Aegagropila) which forms a globular mass.

Moroshop (n.) A philosophical or learned fool.

Morphean (a.) Of or relating to Morpheus, to dreams, or to sleep.

Morpheus (n.) The god of dreams.

Morphine (n.) A bitter white crystal.

Motorial (n.) Causing or setting up motion; pertaining to organs of motion; -- applied especially in physiology to those nerves or nerve fibers which only convey impressions from a nerve center to muscles, thereby causing motion.

Movement (n.) One of the several strains or pieces, each complete in itself, with its own time and rhythm, which make up a larger work; as, the several movements of a suite or a symphony.

Murrayin (n.) A glucoside found in the flowers of a plant (Murraya exotica) of South Asia, and extracted as a white amorphous slightly bitter substance.

Murrelet (n.) One of several species of sea birds of the genera Synthliboramphus and Brachyramphus, inhabiting the North Pacific. They are closely related to the murres.

Muscales (n. pl.) An old name for mosses in the widest sense, including the true mosses and also hepaticae and sphagna.

Mushroom (a.) Resembling mushrooms in rapidity of growth and shortness of duration; short-lived; ephemerial; as, mushroom cities.

Muskwood (n.) The wood of an Australian tree (Eurybia argophylla).

Mustache (n.) A West African monkey (Cercopithecus cephus). It has yellow whiskers, and a triangular blue mark on the nose.

Myograph (n.) An instrument for determining and recording the different phases, as the intensity, velocity, etc., of a muscular contraction.

Myomorph (n.) One of the Myomorpha.

Naphthol (n.) Any one of a series of hydroxyl derivatives of naphthalene, analogous to phenol. In general they are crystal.

Naphthyl (n.) A hydrocarbon radical regarded as the essential residue of naphthalene.

Narcotic (n.) A drug which, in medicinal doses, generally allays morbid susceptibility, relieves pain, and produces sleep; but which, in poisonous doses, produces stupor, coma, or convulsions, and, when given in sufficient quantity, causes death. The best examples are opium (with morphine), belladonna (with atropine), and conium.

Nautilus (n.) The only existing genus of tetrabranchiate cephalopods. About four species are found living in the tropical Pacific, but many other species are found fossil. The shell is spiral, symmetrical, and chambered, or divided into several cavities by simple curved partitions, which are traversed and connected together by a continuous and nearly central tube or siphuncle. See Tetrabranchiata.

Nearctic (a.) Of or pertaining to a region of the earth's surface including all of temperate and arctic North America and Greenland. In the geographical distribution of animals, this region is marked off as the habitat certain species.

Nenuphar (n.) The great white water lily of Europe; the Nymphaea alba.

Neogaean (a.) Of or pertaining to the New World, or Western Hemisphere.

Neomorph (n.) A structure, part, or organ developed independently, that is, not derived from a similar structure, part, or organ, in a pre existing form.

Neophyte (n.) A new convert or proselyte; -- a name given by the early Christians, and still given by the Roman Catholics, to such as have recently embraced the Christian faith, and been admitted to baptism, esp. to converts from heathenism or Judaism.

Neophyte (n.) A novice; a tyro; a beginner in anything.

Nephilim (n. pl.) Giants.

Nephrite (n.) A hard compact mineral, of a dark green color, formerly worn as a remedy for diseases of the kidneys, whence its name; kidney stone; a kind of jade. See Jade.

Nitrogen (n.) A colorless nonmetallic element, tasteless and odorless, comprising four fifths of the atmosphere by volume. It is chemically very inert in the free state, and as such is incapable of supporting life (hence the name azote still used by French chemists); but it forms many important compounds, as ammonia, nitric acid, the cyanides, etc, and is a constituent of all organized living tissues, animal or vegetable. Symbol N. Atomic weight 14.

Nitrosyl (n.) the radical NO, called also the nitroso group. The term is sometimes loosely used to designate certain nitro compounds; as, nitrosyl sulphuric acid. Used also adjectively.

Nonmetal (n.)

Noumenal (a.) Of or pertaining to the noumenon; real; -- opposed to phenomenal.

Noumenon (n.) The of itself unknown and unknowable rational object, or thing in itself, which is distinguished from the phenomenon through which it is apprehended by the senses, and by which it is interpreted and understood; -- so used in the philosophy of Kant and his followers.

Nymphaea (n.) A genus of aquatic plants having showy flowers (white, blue, pink, or yellow, often fragrant), including the white water lily and the Egyptia lotus.

Nymphean (a.) Of, pertaining to, or appropriate to, nymphs; inhabited by nymphs; as, a nymphean cave.

Nymphish (a.) Relating to nymphs; ladylike.

Air hole () A local region in the atmosphere having a downward movement and offering less than normal support for the sustaining surfaces of a flying machine.

Amygdala (n.) One of the tonsils of the pharynx.

Amygdala (n.) One of the rounded prominences of the lower surface of the lateral hemispheres of the cerebellum, each side of the vallecula.

Aphrasia (n.) = Dumbness.

Aphrasia (n.) A disorder of speech in which words can be uttered but not intelligibly joined together.

Ascocarp (n.) In ascomycetous fungi, the spherical, discoid, or cup-shaped body within which the asci are collected, and which constitutes the mature fructification. The different forms are known in mycology under distinct names. Called also spore fruit.

Autunite (n.) A lemon-yellow phosphate of uranium and calcium occurring in tabular crystals with basal cleavage, and in micalike scales. H., 2-2.5. Sp. gr., 3.05-3.19.

Baconian (n.) One who adheres to the philosophy of Lord Bacon.

Barogram (n.) A tracing, usually made by the barograph, showing graphically the variations of atmospheric pressure for a given time.

Benzosol (n.) Guaiacol benzoate, used as an intestinal antiseptic and as a substitute for creosote in phthisis. It is a colorless crystal.

Biograph (n.) An animated picture machine for screen projection; a cinematograph.

Biograph (n.) A biographical sketch.

Bioscope (n.) An animated picture machine for screen projection; a cinematograph (which see).

Cerulein (n.) A fast dyestuff, C20H8O6, made by heating gallein with strong sulphuric acid. It dyes mordanted fabrics green.

Congreve (n.) Short for Congreve match, an early friction match, containing sulphur, potassium chlorate, and antimony sulphide.

Cowalker (n.) A phantasmic or "astral" body deemed to be separable from the physical body and capable of acting independently; a doppelganger.

Duograph (n.) A picture printed from two half-tone plates made with the screen set at different angles, and usually printed in two shades of the same color or in black and one tint.

Esoteric (n.) An esoteric doctrine or treatise; esoteric philosophy; esoterics.

Futurism (n.) A movement or phase of post-impressionism (which see, below).

Hanukkah (n.) The Jewish Feast of the Dedication, instituted by Judas Maccabaeus, his brothers, and the whole congregation of Israel, in 165 b. c., to commemorate the dedication of the new altar set up at the purification of the temple of Jerusalem to replace the altar which had been polluted by Antiochus Epiphanes (1 Maccabees i. 58, iv. 59). The feast, which is mentioned in John x. 22, is held for eight days (beginning with the 25th day of Kislev, corresponding to December)

Hertzian (a.) Of or pert. to the German physicist Heinrich Hertz.

Hidrotic (a.) Causing perspiration; diaphoretic or sudorific.

Hidrotic (n.) A medicine that causes perspiration; a diaphoretic or a sudorific.

Isomorph (n.) An animal, plant, or group having superficial similarity to another, although phylogenetically different.

Jiujitsu () The Japanese art of self-defense without weapons, now widely used as a system of physical training. It depends for its efficiency largely upon the principle of making use of an opponent's strength and weight to disable or injure him, and by applying pressure so that his opposing movement will throw him out of balance, dislocate or break a joint, etc. It opposes knowledge and skill to brute strength, and demands an extensive practical knowledge of human anatomy.

Mahratta (n.) A Sanskritic language of western India, prob. descended from the Maharastri Prakrit, spoken by the Marathas and neighboring peoples. It has an abundant literature dating from the 13th century. It has a book alphabet nearly the same as Devanagari and a cursive script translation between the Devanagari and the Gujarati.

Marinism (n.) A bombastic literary style marked by the use of metaphors and antitheses characteristic of the Italian poet Giambattista Marini (1569-1625).

Mastabah () A type of tomb, of the time of the Memphite dynasties, comprising an oblong structure with sloping sides (sometimes containing a decorated chamber, sometimes of solid masonry), and connected with a mummy chamber in the rock beneath.

Muckrake (v. i.) To seek for, expose, or charge, esp. habitually, corruption, real or alleged, on the part of public men and corporations. On April 14, 1906, President Roosevelt delivered a speech on "The Man with the Muck Rake," in which he deprecated sweeping and unjust charges of corruption against public men and corporations. The phrase was taken up by the press, and the verb to muck"rake`

Nonmoral (a.) Not moral nor immoral; having no connection with morals; not in the sphere of morals or ethics; not ethical.

Nosophen (n.) An iodine compound obtained as a yellowish gray, odorless, tasteless powder by the action of iodine on phenolphthalein.

Odograph (n.) A machine for registering the distance traversed by a vehicle or pedestrain.

Odograph (n.) A device for recording the length and rapidity of stride and the number of steps taken by a walker.

Ondogram (n.) The record of an ondograph.

Orograph (n.) A machine for use in making topographical maps. It is operated by being pushed across country, and not only records distances, like the perambulator, but also elevations.

Pipevine (n.) Any climbing species of Aristolochia; esp., the Dutchman's pipe (A. sipho).

Polonium (n.) A supposed new element, a radioactive substance discovered by M. and MMe. Curie in pitchblende. It is closely related chemically to bismuth. It emits only alpha rays and is perhaps identical with radium F.

Pot lead () Graphite, or black lead, often used on the bottoms of racing vessels to diminish friction.

Pulmotor (n.) An apparatus for producing artificial respiration by pumping oxygen or air or a mixture of the two into and out of the lungs, as of a person who has been asphyxiated by drowning, breathing poisonous gases, or the like, or of one who has been stunned by an electrical shock.

Quichuan (a.) Designating, or pertaining to, a linguistic stock of South American Indians, including the majority of the civilized tribes of the ancient Peruvian Empire with some wild tribes never subjugated by the Incas. Most of these Indians are short, but heavy and strong. They are brachycephalic and of remarkably low cranial capacity. Nevertheless, they represent one of the highest of native American civilizations, characterized by agricultural, military, and administrative skill

Silencer (n.) Any of various devices to silence the humming noise of telegraph wires.

Sprocket (n.) A tooth or projection, as on the periphery of a wheel, shaped so as to engage with a chain.

Sulphite (n.) A person who is spontaneous and original in his habits of thought and conversation.

Syntonic (a.) Of or pert. to syntony; specif., designating, or pert. to, a system of wireless telegraphy in which the transmitting and receiving apparatus are in syntony with, and only with, one another.

Tannigen (n.) A compound obtained as a yellowish gray powder by the action of acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride or ordinary tannic acid. It is used as an intestinal astringent, and locally in rhinitis and pharyngitis.

Term day () A day which is a term (as for payment of rent), or is a day in a term, as of the sitting of a court; esp., one of a series of special days, designated by scientists of different nations or stations, for making synoptic magnetic, meteorological, or other physical observations.

Trembler (n.) Any of certain West Indian birds of the genera Cinclocerthia and Rhamphocinclus, of the family Mimidae.

Vibrator (n.) A vibrating reed for transmitting or receiving pulsating currents in a harmonic telegraph system.

Vibrator (n.) A device for vibrating the pen of a siphon recorder to diminish frictional resistance on the paper.

Wattless (a.) Without any power (cf. Watt); -- said of an alternating current or component of current when it differs in phase by ninety degrees from the electromotive force which produces it, or of an electromotive force or component thereof when the current it produces differs from it in phase by 90 degrees.

reaction () A test for typhoid fever based on the fact that blood serum of one affected, in a bouillon culture of typhoid bacilli, causes the bacilli to agglutinate and lose their motility.

Wireless (a.) designating, or pertaining to, a method of telegraphy, telephony, etc., in which the messages, etc., are transmitted through space by electric waves; as, a wireless message.

Wireless (n.) Short for Wireless telegraphy, Wireless telephony, etc.; as, to send a message by wireless.

Jehovist () The author of the passages of the Old Testament, esp. those of the Hexateuch, in which God is styled Yahweh, or Jehovah; the author of the Yahwistic, or Jehovistic, Prophetic Document (J); also, the document itself.

Obituary (n.) That which pertains to, or is called forth by, the obit or death of a person; esp., an account of a deceased person; a notice of the death of a person, accompanied by a biographical sketch.

Oblongum (n.) A prolate spheroid; a figure described by the revolution of an ellipse about its greater axis. Cf. Oblatum, and see Ellipsoid of revolution, under Ellipsoid.

Observer (n.) A sycophantic follower.

Obstacle (v.) That which stands in the way, or opposes; anything that hinders progress; a hindrance; an obstruction, physical or moral.

Occident (n.) The part of the horizon where the sun last appears in the evening; that part of the earth towards the sunset; the west; -- opposed to orient. Specifically, in former times, Europe as opposed to Asia; now, also, the Western hemisphere.

Official (n.) Approved by authority; sanctioned by the pharmacopoeia; appointed to be used in medicine; as, an official drug or preparation. Cf. Officinal.

Omphalic (a.) Of or pertaining to the umbilicus, or navel.

Omphalos (n.) The navel.

Ontogeny (n.) The history of the individual development of an organism; the history of the evolution of the germ; the development of an individual organism, -- in distinction from phylogeny, or evolution of the tribe. Called also henogenesis, henogeny.

Ontology (n.) That department of the science of metaphysics which investigates and explains the nature and essential properties and relations of all beings, as such, or the principles and causes of being.

Oogonium (n.) A special cell in certain cryptogamous plants containing oospheres, as in the rockweeds (Fucus), and the orders Vaucherieae and Peronosporeae.

Oophoric (a.) Having the nature of, or belonging to, an oophore.

Oophytic (a.) Of or pertaining to an oophyte.

Ophidian (n.) One of the Ophidia; a snake or serpent.

Ophidian (a.) Of or pertaining to the Ophidia; belonging to serpents.

Ophidion (n.) The typical genus of ophidioid fishes. [Written also Ophidium.] See Illust. under Ophidioid.

Ophiuran (a.) Of or pertaining to the Ophiurioidea.

Ophiuran (n.) One of the Ophiurioidea.

Ophiurid (n.) Same as Ophiurioid.

Optogram (n.) An image of external objects fixed on the retina by the photochemical action of light on the visual purple. See Optography.

Orphaned (imp. & p. p.) of Orphan

Orphancy (n.) Orphanhood.

Orphanet (n.) A little orphan.

Orpiment (n.) Arsenic sesquisulphide, produced artificially as an amorphous lemonyellow powder, and occurring naturally as a yellow crystal.

Oxpecker (n.) An African bird of the genus Buphaga; the beefeater.

Oxyphony (n.) Acuteness or shrillness of voice.

Pacinian (a.) Of, pertaining to, or discovered by, Filippo Pacini, an Italian physician of the 19th century.

Palilogy (n.) The repetition of a word, or part of a sentence, for the sake of greater emphasis; as, "The living, the living, he shall praise thee."

Paludism (n.) The morbid phenomena produced by dwelling among marshes; malarial disease or disposition.

Pamphlet (n.) A writing; a book.

Pamphlet (n.) A small book consisting of a few sheets of printed paper, stitched together, often with a paper cover, but not bound; a short essay or written discussion, usually on a subject of current interest.

Pamphlet (v. i.) To write a pamphlet or pamphlets.

Pansophy (n.) Universal wisdom; esp., a system of universal knowledge proposed by Comenius (1592 -- 1671), a Moravian educator.

Papyrine (n.) Imitation parchment, made by soaking unsized paper in dilute sulphuric acid.

Paramere (n.) One of the symmetrical halves of any one of the radii, or spheromeres, of a radiate animal, as a starfish.

Paraphed (imp. & p. p.) of Paraph

Parasang (n.) A Persian measure of length, which, according to Herodotus and Xenophon, was thirty stadia, or somewhat more than three and a half miles. The measure varied in different times and places, and, as now used, is estimated at from three and a half to four English miles.

Parasita (n. pl.) A division of copepod Crustacea, having a sucking mouth, as the lerneans. They are mostly parasites on fishes. Called also Siphonostomata.

Parasite (n.) One who frequents the tables of the rich, or who lives at another's expense, and earns his welcome by flattery; a hanger-on; a toady; a sycophant.

Parasite (n.) A plant obtaining nourishment immediately from other plants to which it attaches itself, and whose juices it absorbs; -- sometimes, but erroneously, called epiphyte.

Parietic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid found in the lichen Parmelia parietina, and called also chrysophanic acid.

Parlance (n.) Conversation; discourse; talk; diction; phrase; as, in legal parlance; in common parlance.

Pastoral (a.) Of or pertaining to shepherds; hence, relating to rural life and scenes; as, a pastoral life.

Pastoral (n.) A poem describing the life and manners of shepherds; a poem in which the speakers assume the character of shepherds; an idyl; a bucolic.

Pearlash (n.) A white amorphous or granular substance which consists principally of potassium carbonate

Peephole (n.) A hole, or crevice, through which one may peep without being discovered.

Pencraft (n.) Penmanship; skill in writing; chirography.

Perigone (n.) A sac which surrounds the generative bodies in the gonophore of a hydroid.

Pervious (a.) Capable of being penetrated, or seen through, by physical or mental vision.

Petalody (n.) The metamorphosis of various floral organs, usually stamens, into petals.

Phallism (n.) The worship of the generative principle in nature, symbolized by the phallus.

Phantasm (n.) An image formed by the mind, and supposed to be real or material; a shadowy or airy appearance; sometimes, an optical illusion; a phantom; a dream.

Pharmacy (n.) The art or practice of preparing and preserving drugs, and of compounding and dispensing medicines according to prescriptions of physicians; the occupation of an apothecary or a pharmaceutical chemist.

Phenetol (n.) The ethyl ether of phenol, obtained as an aromatic liquid, C6H5.O.C2H5.

Phenylic (a.) Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, phenyl.

Phocenic (a.) Of or pertaining to dolphin oil or porpoise oil; -- said of an acid (called also delphinic acid) subsequently found to be identical with valeric acid.

Phocenin (n.) See Delphin.

Phonetic (a.) Representing sounds; as, phonetic characters; -- opposed to ideographic; as, a phonetic notation.

Phoronis (n.) A remarkable genus of marine worms having tentacles around the mouth. It is usually classed with the gephyreans. Its larva (Actinotrocha) undergoes a peculiar metamorphosis.

Phospham (n.) An inert amorphous white powder, PN2H, obtained by passing ammonia over heated phosphorus.

Phosphor (n.) Phosphorus.

Phosphor (n.) The planet Venus, when appearing as the morning star; Lucifer.

Phrasing (n.) The act or method of grouping the notes so as to form distinct musical phrases.

Phrenics (n.) That branch of science which relates to the mind; mental philosophy.

Phthalic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, a dibasic acid obtained by the oxidation of naphthalene and allied substances.

Phthalin (n.) A colorless crystal.

Phthalyl (n.) The hypothetical radical of phthalic acid.

Phthisis (n.) A wasting or consumption of the tissues. The term was formerly applied to many wasting diseases, but is now usually restricted to pulmonary phthisis, or consumption. See Consumption.

Phylarch (n.) The chief of a phyle, or tribe.

Phyllody (n.) A retrograde metamorphosis of the floral organs to the condition of leaves.

Phyllome (n.) A foliar part of a plant; any organ homologous with a leaf, or produced by metamorphosis of a leaf.

Phyllous (a.) Homologous with a leaf; as, the sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils are phyllous organs.

Physalia (n.) A genus of large oceanic Siphonophora which includes the Portuguese man-of-war.

Physical (a.) Of or pertaining to nature (as including all created existences); in accordance with the laws of nature; also, of or relating to natural or material things, or to the bodily structure, as opposed to things mental, moral, spiritual, or imaginary; material; natural; as, armies and navies are the physical force of a nation; the body is the physical part of man.

Physical (a.) Of or pertaining to physics, or natural philosophy; treating of, or relating to, the causes and connections of natural phenomena; as, physical science; physical laws.

Physical (a.) Perceptible through a bodily or material organization; cognizable by the senses; external; as, the physical, opposed to chemical, characters of a mineral.

Physical (a.) Of or pertaining to physic, or the art of medicine; medicinal; curative; healing; also, cathartic; purgative.

Physico- () A combining form, denoting relation to, or dependence upon, natural causes, or the science of physics.

Physique (n.) The natural constitution, or physical structure, of a person.

Picoline (n.) Any one of three isometric bases (C6H7N) related to pyridine, and obtained from bone oil, acrolein ammonia, and coal-tar naphtha, as colorless mobile liquids of strong odor; -- called also methyl pyridine.

Pipefish (n.) Any lophobranch fish of the genus Siphostoma, or Syngnathus, and allied genera, having a long and very slender angular body, covered with bony plates. The mouth is small, at the end of a long, tubular snout. The male has a pouch on his belly, in which the incubation of the eggs takes place.

Plastide (n.) A formative particle of albuminous matter; a monad; a cytode. See the Note under Morphon.

Platinum (n.) A metallic element, intermediate in value between silver and gold, occurring native or alloyed with other metals, also as the platinum arsenide (sperrylite). It is heavy tin-white metal which is ductile and malleable, but very infusible, and characterized by its resistance to strong chemical reagents. It is used for crucibles, for stills for sulphuric acid, rarely for coin, and in the form of foil and wire for many purposes. Specific gravity 21.5. Atomic weight 194.3. Symbol Pt.

Pleiades (n. pl.) The seven daughters of Atlas and the nymph Pleione, fabled to have been made by Jupiter a constellation in the sky.

Plumbago (n.) Same as Graphite.

Poephaga (n. pl.) A group of herbivorous marsupials including the kangaroos and their allies.

Polarity (n.) That quality or condition of a body in virtue of which it exhibits opposite, or contrasted, properties or powers, in opposite, or contrasted, parts or directions; or a condition giving rise to a contrast of properties corresponding to a contrast of positions, as, for example, attraction and repulsion in the opposite parts of a magnet, the dissimilar phenomena corresponding to the different sides of a polarized ray of light, etc.

Polypite (n.) One of the feeding zooids, or polyps, of a coral, hydroid, or siphonophore; a hydranth. See Illust. of Campanularian.

Porphyre (n.) Porphyry.

Porphyry (n.) A term used somewhat loosely to designate a rock consisting of a fine-grained base (usually feldspathic) through which crystals, as of feldspar or quartz, are disseminated. There are red, purple, and green varieties, which are highly esteemed as marbles.

Porpoise (n.) Any small cetacean of the genus Phocaena, especially P. communis, or P. phocaena, of Europe, and the closely allied American species (P. Americana). The color is dusky or blackish above, paler beneath. They are closely allied to the dolphins, but have a shorter snout. Called also harbor porpoise, herring hag, puffing pig, and snuffer.

Porpoise (n.) A true dolphin (Delphinus); -- often so called by sailors.

Portfire (n.) A case of strong paper filled with a composition of niter, sulphur, and mealed powder, -- used principally to ignite the priming in proving guns, and as an incendiary material in shells.

Portrait (n.) Hence, any graphic or vivid delineation or description of a person; as, a portrait in words.

Preaxial (a.) Situated in front of any transverse axis in the body of an animal; anterior; cephalic; esp., in front, or on the anterior, or cephalic (that is, radial or tibial) side of the axis of a limb.

Priapean (n.) A species of hexameter verse so constructed as to be divisible into two portions of three feet each, having generally a trochee in the first and the fourth foot, and an amphimacer in the third; -- applied also to a regular hexameter verse when so constructed as to be divisible into two portions of three feet each.

Printing (n.) The act, art, or practice of impressing letters, characters, or figures on paper, cloth, or other material; the business of a printer, including typesetting and presswork, with their adjuncts; typography; also, the act of producing photographic prints.

Procoele (n.) A lateral cavity of the prosencephalon; a lateral ventricle of the brain.

Prolatum (n.) A prolate spheroid. See Ellipsoid of revolution, under Ellipsoid.

Promoter (n.) One who, or that which, forwards, advances, or promotes; an encourager; as, a promoter of charity or philosophy.

Prophane (a. & v. t.) See Profane.

Prophecy (n.) A declaration of something to come; a foretelling; a prediction; esp., an inspired foretelling.

Prophecy (n.) A book of prophecies; a history; as, the prophecy of Ahijah.

Prophecy (n.) Public interpretation of Scripture; preaching; exhortation or instruction.

Prophesy (v. t.) To foretell; to predict; to prognosticate.

Prophesy (v. t.) To foreshow; to herald; to prefigure.

Prophesy (v. i.) To utter predictions; to make declaration of events to come.

Prophesy (v. i.) To give instruction in religious matters; to interpret or explain Scripture or religious subjects; to preach; to exhort; to expound.

Prorenal (a.) Pronephric.

Protagon (n.) A nitrogenous phosphorized principle found in brain tissue. By decomposition it yields neurine, fatty acids, and other bodies.

Protamin (n.) An amorphous nitrogenous substance found in the spermatic fluid of salmon. It is soluble in water.

Province (n.) The proper or appropriate business or duty of a person or body; office; charge; jurisdiction; sphere.

Psephism (n.) A proposition adopted by a majority of votes; especially, one adopted by vote of the Athenian people; a statute.

Pylagore (n.) a deputy of a State at the Amphictyonic council.

Pyrenoid (n.) A transparent body found in the chromatophores of certain Infusoria.

Pyrology (n.) That branch of physical science which treats of the properties, phenomena, or effects of heat; also, a treatise on heat.

Pyrosome (n.) Any compound ascidian of the genus Pyrosoma. The pyrosomes form large hollow cylinders, sometimes two or three feet long, which swim at the surface of the sea and are very phosphorescent.

Pythonic (a.) Prophetic; oracular; pretending to foretell events.

Quebrith (n.) Sulphur.

Quinovin (n.) An amorphous bitter glucoside derived from cinchona and other barks. Called also quinova bitter, and quinova.

Rambutan (n.) A Malayan fruit produced by the tree Nephelium lappaceum, and closely related to the litchi nut. It is bright red, oval in shape, covered with coarse hairs (whence the name), and contains a pleasant acid pulp. Called also ramboostan.

Raphides (n. pl.) See Rhaphides.

Rational (a.) Relating to the reason; not physical; mental.

Rational (a.) Expressing the type, structure, relations, and reactions of a compound; graphic; -- said of formulae. See under Formula.

Reabsorb (v. t.) To absorb again; to draw in, or imbibe, again what has been effused, extravasated, or thrown off; to swallow up again; as, to reabsorb chyle, lymph, etc.; -- used esp. of fluids.

Receiver (n.) That portion of a telephonic apparatus, or similar system, at which the message is received and made audible; -- opposed to transmitter.

Redstart (n.) A small, handsome European singing bird (Ruticilla phoenicurus), allied to the nightingale; -- called also redtail, brantail, fireflirt, firetail. The black redstart is P.tithys. The name is also applied to several other species of Ruticilla amnd allied genera, native of India.

Redstart (n.) An American fly-catching warbler (Setophaga ruticilla). The male is black, with large patches of orange-red on the sides, wings, and tail. The female is olive, with yellow patches.

Register (n.) The part of a telegraphic apparatus which records automatically the message received.

Register (n.) The correspondence or adjustment of the several impressions in a design which is printed in parts, as in chromolithographic printing, or in the manufacture of paper hangings. See Register, v. i. 2.

Reindeer (n.) Any ruminant of the genus Rangifer, of the Deer family, found in the colder parts of both the Eastern and Western hemispheres, and having long irregularly branched antlers, with the brow tines palmate.

Relative (n.) A relative pronoun; a word which relates to, or represents, another word or phrase, called its antecedent; as, the relatives "who", "which", "that".

Repeater (n.) An instrument for resending a telegraphic message automatically at an intermediate point.

Resorcin (n.) A colorless crystal.

Restrain (v. t.) To draw back again; to hold back from acting, proceeding, or advancing, either by physical or moral force, or by any interposing obstacle; to repress or suppress; to keep down; to curb.

Retinula (n.) One of the group of pigmented cells which surround the retinophorae of invertebrates. See Illust. under Ommatidium.

Rhodanic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (commonly called sulphocyanic acid) which frms a red color with ferric salts.

Ringworm (n.) A contagious affection of the skin due to the presence of a vegetable parasite, and forming ring-shaped discolored patches covered with vesicles or powdery scales. It occurs either on the body, the face, or the scalp. Different varieties are distinguished as Tinea circinata, Tinea tonsurans, etc., but all are caused by the same parasite (a species of Trichophyton).

Rocketer (n.) A bird, especially a pheasant, which, being flushed, rises straight in the air like a rocket.

Rockfish (n.) Any one of several species of Florida and Bermuda groupers of the genus Epinephelus.

Sailfish (n.) The banner fish, or spikefish (Histiophorus.)

Samphire (n.) A fleshy, suffrutescent, umbelliferous European plant (Crithmum maritimum). It grows among rocks and on cliffs along the seacoast, and is used for pickles.

Samphire (n.) The species of glasswort (Salicornia herbacea); -- called in England marsh samphire.

Samphire (n.) A seashore shrub (Borrichia arborescens) of the West Indies.

Sandarac (n.) Realgar; red sulphide of arsenic.

Sandwort (n.) Any plant of the genus Arenaria, low, tufted herbs (order Caryophyllaceae.)

Saponite (n.) A hydrous silicate of magnesia and alumina. It occurs in soft, soapy, amorphous masses, filling veins in serpentine and cavities in trap rock.

Sapphire (n.) Native alumina or aluminium sesquioxide, Al2O3; corundum; esp., the blue transparent variety of corundum, highly prized as a gem.

Sapphire (n.) The color of the gem; bright blue.

Sapphire (n.) Any humming bird of the genus Hylocharis, native of South America. The throat and breast are usually bright blue.

Sapphire (a.) Of or resembling sapphire; sapphirine; blue.

Sapskull (n.) A saphead.

Sassabye (n.) A large African antelope (Alcelaphus lunata), similar to the hartbeest, but having its horns regularly curved.

Saturate (v. t.) To satisfy the affinity of; to cause to become inert by chemical combination with all that it can hold; as, to saturate phosphorus with chlorine.

Sawtooth (n.) An arctic seal (Lobodon carcinophaga), having the molars serrated; -- called also crab-eating seal.

Scaffold (v. t.) To furnish or uphold with a scaffold.

Scansion (n.) The act of scanning; distinguishing the metrical feet of a verse by emphasis, pauses, or otherwise.

Scaphism (n.) An ancient mode of punishing criminals among the Persians, by confining the victim in a trough, with his head and limbs smeared with honey or the like, and exposed to the sun and to insects until he died.

Scaphite (n.) Any fossil cephalopod shell of the genus Scaphites, belonging to the Ammonite family and having a chambered boat-shaped shell. Scaphites are found in the Cretaceous formation.

Scaphoid (a.) Resembling a boat in form; boat-shaped.

Scaphoid (n.) The scaphoid bone.

Scrofula (n.) A constitutional disease, generally hereditary, especially manifested by chronic enlargement and cheesy degeneration of the lymphatic glands, particularly those of the neck, and marked by a tendency to the development of chronic intractable inflammations of the skin, mucous membrane, bones, joints, and other parts, and by a diminution in the power of resistance to disease or injury and the capacity for recovery.

Seabeard (n.) A green seaweed (Cladophora rupestris) growing in dense tufts.

Selenium (n.) A nonmetallic element of the sulphur group, and analogous to sulphur in its compounds. It is found in small quantities with sulphur and some sulphur ores, and obtained in the free state as a dark reddish powder or crystal.

Semidome (n.) A roof or ceiling covering a semicircular room or recess, or one of nearly that shape, as the apse of a church, a niche, or the like. It is approximately the quarter of a hollow sphere.

Sensible (a.) Having the capacity of receiving impressions from external objects; capable of perceiving by the instrumentality of the proper organs; liable to be affected physsically or mentally; impressible.

Sentence (n.) A philosophical or theological opinion; a dogma; as, Summary of the Sentences; Book of the Sentences.

Sentinel (n.) A marine crab (Podophthalmus vigil) native of the Indian Ocean, remarkable for the great length of its eyestalks; -- called also sentinel crab.

Sepalody (n.) The metamorphosis of other floral organs into sepals or sepaloid bodies.

Sequence (n.) Any succession of chords (or harmonic phrase) rising or falling by the regular diatonic degrees in the same scale; a succession of similar harmonic steps.

Sequence (n.) A melodic phrase or passage successively repeated one tone higher; a rosalia.

Seraphim (pl. ) of Seraph

Seraphic (a.) Alt. of Seraphical

Seraphim (n.) The Hebrew plural of Seraph. Cf. Cherubim.

Sforzato (a.) Forcing or forced; -- a direction placed over a note, to signify that it must be executed with peculiar emphasis and force; -- marked fz (an abbreviation of forzando), sf, sfz, or /.

Sheeling (n.) A hut or small cottage in an expessed or a retired place (as on a mountain or at the seaside) such as is used by shepherds, fishermen, sportsmen, etc.; a summer cottage; also, a shed.

Shepherd (n.) A man employed in tending, feeding, and guarding sheep, esp. a flock grazing at large.

Shepherd (n.) The pastor of a church; one with the religious guidance of others.

Shepherd (v. t.) To tend as a shepherd; to guard, herd, lead, or drive, as a shepherd.

Shieling (n.) A hut or shelter for shepherds of fishers. See Sheeling.

Sibylist (n.) One who believes in a sibyl

Sinapine (n.) An alkaloid occuring in the seeds of mustard. It is extracted, in combination with sulphocyanic acid, as a white crystal.

Singular (a.) Standing by itself; out of the ordinary course; unusual; uncommon; strange; as, a singular phenomenon.

Siphilis (n.) Syphilis.

Siphonal (a.) Of or pertaining to a siphon; resembling a siphon.

Siphonet (n.) One of the two dorsal tubular organs on the hinder part of the abdomen of aphids. They give exit to the honeydew. See Illust. under Aphis.

Siphonia (n.) A former name for a euphorbiaceous genus (Hevea) of South American trees, the principal source of caoutchouc.

Siphonic (a.) Of or pertaining to a siphon.

Siphonia (pl. ) of Siphonium

Sisyphus (n.) A king of Corinth, son of Aeolus, famed for his cunning. He was killed by Theseus, and in the lower world was condemned by Pluto to roll to the top of a hill a huge stone, which constantly rolled back again, making his task incessant.

Skullcap (n.) The Lophiomys.

Snaphead (n.) A hemispherical or rounded head to a rivet or bolt; also, a swaging tool with a cavity in its face for forming such a rounded head.

Sneezing (n.) The act of violently forcing air out through the nasal passages while the cavity of the mouth is shut off from the pharynx by the approximation of the soft palate and the base of the tongue.

Snowbird (n.) An arctic finch (Plectrophenax, / Plectrophanes, nivalis) common, in winter, both in Europe and the United States, and often appearing in large flocks during snowstorms. It is partially white, but variously marked with chestnut and brown. Called also snow bunting, snowflake, snowfleck, and snowflight.

Soaproot (n.) A perennial herb (Gypsophila Struthium) the root of which is used in Spain as a substitute for soap.

Soothsay (n.) A true saying; a proverb; a prophecy.

Sophical (a.) Teaching wisdom.

Soricine (a.) Of or pertaining to the Shrew family (Soricidae); like a shrew in form or habits; as, the soricine bat (Glossophaga soricina).

Spectrum (n.) The several colored and other rays of which light is composed, separated by the refraction of a prism or other means, and observed or studied either as spread out on a screen, by direct vision, by photography, or otherwise. See Illust. of Light, and Spectroscope.

Spekboom (n.) The purslane tree of South Africa, -- said to be the favorite food of elephants.

Spelling (n.) The act of one who spells; formation of words by letters; orthography.

Sphagnum (n.) A genus of mosses having white leaves slightly tinged with red or green and found growing in marshy places; bog moss; peat moss.

Sphenoid (a.) Wedge-shaped; as, a sphenoid crystal.

Sphenoid (a.) Of or pertaining to the sphenoid bone.

Sphenoid (n.) A wedge-shaped crystal bounded by four equal isosceles triangles. It is the hemihedral form of a square pyramid.

Sphenoid (n.) The sphenoid bone.

Sphering (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Sphere

Spherics (n.) The doctrine of the sphere; the science of the properties and relations of the circles, figures, and other magnitudes of a sphere, produced by planes intersecting it; spherical geometry and trigonometry.

Spheroid (n.) A body or figure approaching to a sphere, but not perfectly spherical; esp., a solid generated by the revolution of an ellipse about one of its axes.

Spherule (n.) A little sphere or spherical body; as, quicksilver, when poured upon a plane, divides itself into a great number of minute spherules.

Sphingid (n.) A sphinx.

Sphingid (a.) Of or pertaining to a sphinx, or the family Sphingidae.

Sphygmic (a.) Of or pertaining to the pulse.

Sporosac (n.) A hydrozoan reproductive zooid or gonophore which does not become medusoid in form or structure. See Illust. under Athecata.

Squeaker (n.) The Australian gray crow shrile (Strepera anaphonesis); -- so called from its note.

Squilgee (n.) Formerly, a small swab for drying a vessel's deck; now, a kind of scraper having a blade or edge of rubber or of leather, -- used for removing superfluous, water or other liquids, as from a vessel's deck after washing, from window panes, photographer's plates, etc.

Staccato (a.) Disconnected; separated; distinct; -- a direction to perform the notes of a passage in a short, distinct, and pointed manner. It is opposed to legato, and often indicated by heavy accents written over or under the notes, or by dots when the performance is to be less distinct and emphatic.

Stagworm (n.) The larve of any species of botfly which is parasitic upon the stag, as /strus, or Hypoderma, actaeon, which burrows beneath the skin, and Cephalomyia auribarbis, which lives in the nostrils.

Stahlian (a.) Pertaining to, or taught by, Stahl, a German physician and chemist of the 17th century; as, the Stahlian theory of phlogiston.

Stannite (n.) A mineral of a steel-gray or iron-black color; tin pyrites. It is a sulphide of tin, copper, and iron.

Sterrink (n.) The crab-eating seal (Lobodon carcinophaga) of the Antarctic Ocean.

Stibnite (n.) A mineral of a lead-gray color and brilliant metallic luster, occurring in prismatic crystals; sulphide of antimony; -- called also antimony glance, and gray antimony.

Stilbene (n.) A hydrocarbon, C14H12, produced artificially in large, fine crystals; -- called also diphenyl ethylene, toluylene, etc.

Stockade (v. t.)

Strength (n.) The quality or state of being strong; ability to do or to bear; capacity for exertion or endurance, whether physical, intellectual, or moral; force; vigor; power; as, strength of body or of the arm; strength of mind, of memory, or of judgment.

Strobila (n.) A form of the larva of certain Discophora in a state of development succeeding the scyphistoma. The body of the strobila becomes elongated, and subdivides transversely into a series of lobate segments which eventually become ephyrae, or young medusae.

Strophes (pl. ) of Strophe

Strophic (a.) Pertaining to, containing, or consisting of, strophes.

Struvite (n.) A crystal.

Stycerin (n.) A triacid alcohol, related to glycerin, and obtained from certain styryl derivatives as a yellow, gummy, amorphous substance; -- called also phenyl glycerin.

Styphnic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, a yellow crystal.

Suctoria (n. pl.) Same as Rhizocephala.

Sulphate (n.) A salt of sulphuric acid.

Sulphide (n.) A binary compound of sulphur, or one so regarded; -- formerly called sulphuret.

Sulphine (n.) Any one of a series of basic compounds which consist essentially of sulphur united with hydrocarbon radicals. In general they are oily or crystal.

Sulphion (n.) A hypothetical radical, SO4, regarded as forming the acid or negative constituent of sulphuric acid and the sulphates in electrolytic decomposition; -- so called in accordance with the binary theory of salts.

Sulphite (n.) A salt of sulphurous acid.

Sulphone (n.) Any one of a series of compounds analogous to the ketones, and consisting of the sulphuryl group united with two hydrocarbon radicals; as, dimethyl sulphone, (CH/)/.SO/.

Sulphury (a.) Resembling, or partaking of the nature of, sulphur; having the qualities of sulphur.

Suppress (v. t.) To retain without disclosure; to conceal; not to reveal; to prevent publication of; as, to suppress evidence; to suppress a pamphlet; to suppress the truth.

Syllable (n.) An elementary sound, or a combination of elementary sounds, uttered together, or with a single effort or impulse of the voice, and constituting a word or a part of a word. In other terms, it is a vowel or a diphtong, either by itself or flanked by one or more consonants, the whole produced by a single impulse or utterance. One of the liquids, l, m, n, may fill the place of a vowel in a syllable.

Sylphine (a.) Like a sylph.

Sylphish (a.) Sylphlike.

Symphony (n.) A consonance or harmony of sounds, agreeable to the ear, whether the sounds are vocal or instrumental, or both.

Symphony (n.) A stringed instrument formerly in use, somewhat resembling the virginal.

Symphony (n.) An elaborate instrumental composition for a full orchestra, consisting usually, like the sonata, of three or four contrasted yet inwardly related movements, as the allegro, the adagio, the minuet and trio, or scherzo, and the finale in quick time. The term has recently been applied to large orchestral works in freer form, with arguments or programmes to explain their meaning, such as the "symphonic poems" of Liszt.

Symphony (n.) An instrumental passage at the beginning or end, or in the course of, a vocal composition; a prelude, interlude, or postude; a ritornello.

Symphyla (n. pl.) An order of small apterous insects having an elongated body, with three pairs of thoracic and about nine pairs of abdominal legs. They are, in many respects, intermediate between myriapods and true insects.

Symploce (n.) The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning and another at the end of successive clauses; as, Justice came down from heaven to view the earth; Justice returned to heaven, and left the earth.

Syngraph (n.) A writing signed by both or all the parties to a contract or bond.

Syphilis (n.) The pox, or venereal disease; a chronic, specific, infectious disease, usually communicated by sexual intercourse or by hereditary transmission, and occurring in three stages known as primary, secondary, and tertiary syphilis. See under Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary.

Syrphian (a.) Of or pertaining to the syrphus flies.

Syrphian (n.) A syrphus fly.

Taeniata (n. pl.) A division of Ctenophora including those which have a long, ribbonlike body. The Venus's girdle is the most familiar example.

Tantalic (a.) Of or pertaining to tantalum; derived from, or containing, tantalum; specifically, designating any one of a series of acids analogous to nitric acid and the polyacid compounds of phosphorus.

Taphouse (n.) A house where liquors are retailed.

Teething (n.) The process of the first growth of teeth, or the phenomena attending their issue through the gums; dentition.

Telegram (n.) A message sent by telegraph; a telegraphic dispatch.

Telluric (a.) Of or pertaining to tellurium; derived from, or resembling, tellurium; specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a higher valence as contrasted with tellurous compounds; as, telluric acid, which is analogous to sulphuric acid.

Telotype (n.) An electric telegraph

Tentacle (n.) A more or less elongated process or organ, simple or branched, proceeding from the head or cephalic region of invertebrate animals, being either an organ of sense, prehension, or motion.

Tephrite (n.) An igneous rock consisting essentially of plagioclase and either leucite or nephelite, or both.

Teraphim (n. pl.) Images connected with the magical rites used by those Israelites who added corrupt practices to the patriarchal religion. Teraphim were consulted by the Israelites for oracular answers.

Terebene (n.) A polymeric modification of terpene, obtained as a white crystal.

Thallium (n.) A rare metallic element of the aluminium group found in some minerals, as certain pyrites, and also in the lead-chamber deposit in the manufacture of sulphuric acid. It is isolated as a heavy, soft, bluish white metal, easily oxidized in moist air, but preserved by keeping under water. Symbol Tl. Atomic weight 203.7.

Theodicy (n.) That department of philosophy which treats of the being, perfections, and government of God, and the immortality of the soul.

Theosoph (n.) Alt. of Theosopher

Thienone (n.) A ketone derivative of thiophene obtained as a white crystal.

Thionine (n.) An artificial red or violet dyestuff consisting of a complex sulphur derivative of certain aromatic diamines, and obtained as a dark crystal.

Thioxene (n.) Any one of three possible metameric substances, which are dimethyl derivatives of thiophene, like the xylenes from benzene.

Tilefish (n.) A large, edible, deep-water food fish (Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps) more or less thickly covered with large, round, yellow spots.

Titanite (n.) See Sphene.

Titanium (n.) An elementary substance found combined in the minerals manaccanite, rutile, sphene, etc., and isolated as an infusible iron-gray amorphous powder, having a metallic luster. It burns when heated in the air. Symbol Ti. Atomic weight 48.1.

Tithymal (n.) Any kind of spurge, esp. Euphorbia Cyparissias.

Toadyism (n.) The practice of meanly fawning on another; base sycophancy; servile adulation.

Tragopan (n.) Any one of several species of Asiatic pheasants of the genus Ceriornis. They are brilliantly colored with a variety of tints, the back and breast are usually covered with white or buff ocelli, and the head is ornamented with two bright-colored, fleshy wattles. The crimson tragopan, or horned pheasant (C. satyra), of India is one of the best-known species.

Tranquil (a.) Quiet; calm; undisturbed; peaceful; not agitated; as, the atmosphere is tranquil; the condition of the country is tranquil.

Transfer (v. t.) To remove from one substance or surface to another; as, to transfer drawings or engravings to a lithographic stone.

Transmew (v. t. & i.) To transmute; to transform; to metamorphose.

Traphole (n.) See Trou-de-loup.

Trephine (n.) An instrument for trepanning, being an improvement on the trepan. It is a circular or cylindrical saw, with a handle like that of a gimlet, and a little sharp perforator called the center pin.

Trephine (v. t.) To perforate with a trephine; to trepan.

Triglyph (n.) An ornament in the frieze of the Doric order, repeated at equal intervals. Each triglyph consists of a rectangular tablet, slightly projecting, and divided nearly to the top by two parallel and perpendicular gutters, or channels, called glyphs, into three parts, or spaces, called femora. A half channel, or glyph, is also cut upon each of the perpendicular edges of the tablet. See Illust. of Entablature.

Trigraph (n.) Three letters united in pronunciation so as to have but one sound, or to form but one syllable, as -ieu in adieu; a triphthong.

Trillion (n.) According to the French notation, which is used upon the Continent generally and in the United States, the number expressed by a unit with twelve ciphers annexed; a million millions; according to the English notation, the number produced by involving a million to the third power, or the number represented by a unit with eighteen ciphers annexed. See the Note under Numeration.

Trimorph (n.) A substance which crystallizes in three distinct forms, or which has three distinct physical states; also, any one of these distinct forms. See Trimorphism, 1.

Trioxide (n.) An oxide containing three atoms of oxygen; as, sulphur trioxide, SO3; -- formerly called tritoxide.

Triphane (n.) Spodumene.

Triplite (n.) A mineral of a dark brown color, generally with a fibrous, massive structure. It is a fluophosphate of iron and manganese.

Triticin (n.) A carbohydrate isomeric with dextrin, obtained from quitch grass (Agropyrum, formerly Triticum, repens) as a white amorphous substance.

Troilite (n.) Native iron protosulphide, FeS. It is known only in meteoric irons, and is usually in imbedded nodular masses of a bronze color.

Trophied (a.) Adorned with trophies.

Trophies (pl. ) of Trophy

Tropical (n.) Rhetorically changed from its exact original sense; being of the nature of a trope; figurative; metaphorical.

Tubercle (n.) A small mass or aggregation of morbid matter; especially, the deposit which accompanies scrofula or phthisis. This is composed of a hard, grayish, or yellowish, translucent or opaque matter, which gradually softens, and excites suppuration in its vicinity. It is most frequently found in the lungs, causing consumption.

Tunicata (n. pl.) A grand division of the animal kingdom, intermediate, in some respects, between the invertebrates and vertebrates, and by some writers united with the latter. They were formerly classed with acephalous mollusks. The body is usually covered with a firm external tunic, consisting in part of cellulose, and having two openings, one for the entrance and one for the exit of water.

Turnsole (a.) A kind of spurge (Euphorbia Helioscopia).

Turnsole (a.) The euphorbiaceous plant Chrozophora tinctoria.

Turquois (n.) A hydrous phosphate of alumina containing a little copper; calaite. It has a blue, or bluish green, color, and usually occurs in reniform masses with a botryoidal surface.

Twilight (n.) The light perceived before the rising, and after the setting, of the sun, or when the sun is less than 18? below the horizon, occasioned by the illumination of the earth's atmosphere by the direct rays of the sun and their reflection on the earth.

Typhoean (a.) Of or pertaining to Typhoeus (t/*f/"/s), the fabled giant of Greek mythology, having a hundred heads; resembling Typhoeus.

Uncipher (v. t.) To decipher; as, to uncipher a letter.

Uncypher (v. t.) See Uncipher.

Unformed (a.) Not formed; not arranged into regular shape, order, or relations; shapeless; amorphous.

Universe (n.) All created things viewed as constituting one system or whole; the whole body of things, or of phenomena; the / / of the Greeks, the mundus of the Latins; the world; creation.

Unsphere (v. t.) To remove, as a planet, from its sphere or orb.

Upheaped (a.) Piled up; accumulated.

Upheaval (n.) The act of upheaving, or the state of being upheaved; esp., an elevation of a portion of the earth's crust.

Upholder (n.) A broker or auctioneer; a tradesman.

Upholder (n.) An undertaker, or provider for funerals.

Upholder (n.) An upholsterer.

Upholder (n.) One who, or that which, upholds; a supporter; a defender; a sustainer.

Urosteon (n.) A median ossification back of the lophosteon in the sternum of some birds.

Urostyle (n.) A styliform process forming the posterior extremity of the vertebral column in some fishes and amphibians.

Vanadite (n.) A salt of vanadious acid, analogous to a nitrite or a phosphite.

Vanadium (n.) A rare element of the nitrogen-phosphorus group, found combined, in vanadates, in certain minerals, and reduced as an infusible, grayish-white metallic powder. It is intermediate between the metals and the non-metals, having both basic and acid properties. Symbol V (or Vd, rarely). Atomic weight 51.2.

Vascular (a.) Of or pertaining to the higher division of plants, that is, the phaenogamous plants, all of which are vascular, in distinction from the cryptogams, which to a large extent are cellular only.

Vaticide (n.) The murder, or the murderer, of a prophet.

Velarium (n.) The marginal membrane of certain medusae belonging to the Discophora.

Venereal (a.) Adapted to excite venereal desire; aphrodisiac.

Venereal (n.) The venereal disease; syphilis.

Veronica (n.) A genus scrophulariaceous plants; the speedwell. See Speedwell.

Vertebra (n.) One of the central ossicles in each joint of the arms of an ophiuran.

Vignette (n.) A decorative design, originally representing vine branches or tendrils, at the head of a chapter, of a manuscript or printed book, or in a similar position; hence, by extension, any small picture in a book; hence, also, as such pictures are often without a definite bounding line, any picture, as an engraving, a photograph, or the like, which vanishes gradually at the edge.

Vignette (v. t.) To make, as an engraving or a photograph, with a border or edge insensibly fading away.

Vigorous (a.) Possessing vigor; full of physical or mental strength or active force; strong; lusty; robust; as, a vigorous youth; a vigorous plant.

Violence (n.) The quality or state of being violent; highly excited action, whether physical or moral; vehemence; impetuosity; force.

Vitalism (n.) The doctrine that all the functions of a living organism are due to an unknown vital principle distinct from all chemical and physical forces.

Vitalist (n.) A believer in the theory of vitalism; -- opposed to physicist.

Volatile (a.) Passing through the air on wings, or by the buoyant force of the atmosphere; flying; having the power to fly.

Voltzite (n.) An oxysulphide of lead occurring in implanted spherical globules of a yellowish or brownish color; -- called also voltzine.

Vomitory (n.) A principal door of a large ancient building, as of an amphitheater.

Wartwort (n.) A name given to several plants because they were thought to be a cure for warts, as a kind of spurge (Euphorbia Helioscopia), and the nipplewort (Lampsana communis).

Westness (n.) A watery or moist state of the atmosphere; a state of being rainy, foggy, or misty; as, the wetness of weather or the season.

Whimbrel (n.) Any one of several species of small curlews, especially the European species (Numenius phaeopus), called also Jack curlew, half curlew, stone curlew, and tang whaup. See Illustration in Appendix.

Whipworm (n.) A nematode worm (Trichocephalus dispar) often found parasitic in the human intestine. Its body is thickened posteriorly, but is very long and threadlike anteriorly.

Xenotime (n.) A native phosphate of yttrium occurring in yellowish-brown tetragonal crystals.

Xeraphim (n.) An old money of account in Bombay, equal to three fifths of a rupee.

Xiphioid (a.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a cetacean of the genus Xiphius or family Xiphiidae.

Xiphodon (n.) An extinct genus of artiodactylous mammals found in the European Tertiary formations. It had slender legs, didactylous feet, and small canine teeth.

Xylitone (n.) A yellow oil having a geraniumlike odor, produced as a side product in making phorone; -- called also xylite oil.

Yourself (pron.) An emphasized or reflexive form of the pronoun of the second person; -- used as a subject commonly with you; as, you yourself shall see it; also, alone in the predicate, either in the nominative or objective case; as, you have injured yourself.

Zephyrus (n.) The west wind, or zephyr; -- usually personified, and made the most mild and gentle of all the sylvan deities.

Ziphioid (n.) See Xiphioid.

Zoophaga (n. pl.) An artificial group comprising various carnivorous and insectivorous animals.

Zoophily (n.) Love of animals.

Zoophite (n.) A zoophyte.

Zoophyta (n. pl.) An extensive artificial and heterogeneous group of animals, formerly adopted by many zoologists. It included the c/lenterates, echinoderms, sponges, Bryozoa, Protozoa, etc.

Zoophyte (v. i.) Any one of numerous species of invertebrate animals which more or less resemble plants in appearance, or mode of growth, as the corals, gorgonians, sea anemones, hydroids, bryozoans, sponges, etc., especially any of those that form compound colonies having a branched or treelike form, as many corals and hydroids.

Zoophyte (v. i.) Any one of the Zoophyta.

Zyophyte (n.) Any plant of a proposed class or grand division (Zygophytes, Zygophyta, or Zygosporeae), in which reproduction consists in the union of two similar cells. Cf. Oophyte.

Zymogene (n.) One of a physiological group of globular bacteria which produces fermentations of diverse nature; -- distinguished from pathogene.

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