9 letter words

Abecedary (a.) Pertaining to, or formed by, the letters of the alphabet; alphabetic; hence, rudimentary.

Absorbent (n.) The vessels by which the processes of absorption are carried on, as the lymphatics in animals, the extremities of the roots in plants.

Academism (n.) The doctrines of the Academic philosophy.

Academist (n.) An Academic philosopher.

Acalephan (n.) One of the Acalephae.

Acalephae (n. pl.) A group of Coelenterata, including the Medusae or jellyfishes, and hydroids; -- so called from the stinging power they possess. Sometimes called sea nettles.

Acephalan (n.) Same as Acephal.

Acephalan (a.) Belonging to the Acephala.

Acoustics (n.) The science of sounds, teaching their nature, phenomena, and laws.

Acraspeda (n. pl.) A group of acalephs, including most of the larger jellyfishes; the Discophora.

Acrophony (n.) The use of a picture symbol of an object to represent phonetically the initial sound of the name of the object.

Actinozoa (n. pl.) A group of Coelenterata, comprising the Anthozoa and Ctenophora. The sea anemone, or actinia, is a familiar example.

Adelphous (a.) Having coalescent or clustered filaments; -- said of stamens; as, adelphous stamens. Usually in composition; as, monadelphous.

Adenology (n.) The part of physiology that treats of the glands.

Adiaphory (n.) Indifference.

Adjective (n.) A word used with a noun, or substantive, to express a quality of the thing named, or something attributed to it, or to limit or define it, or to specify or describe a thing, as distinct from something else. Thus, in phrase, "a wise ruler," wise is the adjective, expressing a property of ruler.

Adverbial (a.) Of or pertaining to an adverb; of the nature of an adverb; as, an adverbial phrase or form.

Aegophony (n.) Same as Egophony.

Aeromancy (n.) Divination from the state of the air or from atmospheric substances; also, forecasting changes in the weather.

Aerophoby (n.) Dread of a current of air.

Aerophyte (n.) A plant growing entirely in the air, and receiving its nourishment from it; an air plant or epiphyte.

Aeroscopy (n.) The observation of the state and variations of the atmosphere.

Esthetics (n.) The theory or philosophy of taste; the science of the beautiful in nature and art; esp. that which treats of the expression and embodiment of beauty by art.

Agitation (n.) A stirring up or arousing; disturbance of tranquillity; disturbance of mind which shows itself by physical excitement; perturbation; as, to cause any one agitation.

Air plant () A plant deriving its sustenance from the air alone; an aerophyte.

Alabaster (n.) A compact variety or sulphate of lime, or gypsum, of fine texture, and usually white and translucent, but sometimes yellow, red, or gray. It is carved into vases, mantel ornaments, etc.

Albatross (n.) A web-footed bird, of the genus Diomedea, of which there are several species. They are the largest of sea birds, capable of long-continued flight, and are often seen at great distances from the land. They are found chiefly in the southern hemisphere.

Albertite (n.) A bituminous mineral resembling asphaltum, found in the county of A. /bert, New Brunswick.

Albertype (n.) A picture printed from a kind of gelatine plate produced by means of a photographic negative.

Alcyonoid (n.) A zoophyte of the order Alcyonaria.

Alleviate (v. t.) To lighten or lessen (physical or mental troubles); to mitigate, or make easier to be endured; as, to alleviate sorrow, pain, care, etc. ; -- opposed to aggravate.

Allograph (n.) A writing or signature made by some person other than any of the parties thereto; -- opposed to autograph.

Allomorph (n.) Any one of two or more distinct crystal.

Allomorph (n.) A variety of pseudomorph which has undergone partial or complete change or substitution of material; -- thus limonite is frequently an allomorph after pyrite.

Allotropy (n.) The property of existing in two or more conditions which are distinct in their physical or chemical relations.

Ambergris (n.) A substance of the consistence of wax, found floating in the Indian Ocean and other parts of the tropics, and also as a morbid secretion in the intestines of the sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), which is believed to be in all cases its true origin. In color it is white, ash-gray, yellow, or black, and often variegated like marble. The floating masses are sometimes from sixty to two hundred and twenty-five pounds in weight. It is wholly volatilized as a white vapor at 212 F

Ametabola (n. pl.) A group of insects which do not undergo any metamorphosis.

Amorphism (n.) A state of being amorphous; esp. a state of being without crystallization even in the minutest particles, as in glass, opal, etc.

Amorphous (a.) Having no determinate form; of irregular; shapeless.

Amorphous (a.) Without crystallization in the ultimate texture of a solid substance; uncrystallized.

Amorphous (a.) Of no particular kind or character; anomalous.

Amphibial (a. & n.) Amphibian.

Amphibian (a.) Of or pertaining to the Amphibia; as, amphibian reptiles.

Amphibian (n.) One of the Amphibia.

Amphibium (n.) An amphibian.

Amphibole (n.) A common mineral embracing many varieties varying in color and in composition. It occurs in monoclinic crystals; also massive, generally with fibrous or columnar structure. The color varies from white to gray, green, brown, and black. It is a silicate of magnesium and calcium, with usually aluminium and iron. Some common varieties are tremolite, actinolite, asbestus, edenite, hornblende (the last name being also used as a general term for the whole species).

Amphiboly (n.) Ambiguous discourse; amphibology.

Amphicome (n.) A kind of figured stone, rugged and beset with eminences, anciently used in divination.

Amphidisc (n.) A peculiar small siliceous spicule having a denticulated wheel at each end; -- found in freshwater sponges.

Amphigean (a.) Extending over all the zones, from the tropics to the polar zones inclusive.

Amphigene (n.) Leucite.

Amphigony (n.) Sexual propagation.

Amphigory (n.) A nonsense verse; a rigmarole, with apparent meaning, which on further attention proves to be meaningless.

Amphilogy (n.) Ambiguity of speech; equivocation.

Amphioxus (n.) A fishlike creature (Amphioxus lanceolatus), two or three inches long, found in temperature seas; -- also called the lancelet. Its body is pointed at both ends. It is the lowest and most generalized of the vertebrates, having neither brain, skull, vertebrae, nor red blood. It forms the type of the group Acrania, Leptocardia, etc.

Amphipoda (n. pl.) A numerous group of fourteen -- footed Crustacea, inhabiting both fresh and salt water. The body is usually compressed laterally, and the anterior pairs or legs are directed downward and forward, but the posterior legs are usually turned upward and backward. The beach flea is an example. See Tetradecapoda and Arthrostraca.

Amphiscii (n. pl.) Alt. of Amphiscians

Amophorae (pl. ) of Amphora

Anaptotic (a.) Having lost, or tending to lose, inflections by phonetic decay; as, anaptotic languages.

Anatomism (n.) The doctrine that the anatomical structure explains all the phenomena of the organism or of animal life.

Androgyne (n.) An hermaphrodite.

Anemogram (n.) A record made by an anemograph.

Angiology (n.) That part of anatomy which treats of blood vessels and lymphatics.

Angiotomy (n.) Dissection of the blood vessels and lymphatics of the body.

Anglesite (n.) A native sulphate of lead. It occurs in white or yellowish transparent, prismatic crystals.

Anglicism (n.) An English idiom; a phrase or form language peculiar to the English.

Anhydrite (n.) A mineral of a white or a slightly bluish color, usually massive. It is anhydrous sulphate of lime, and differs from gypsum in not containing water (whence the name).

Anisopoda (n. pl.) A division of Crustacea, which, in some its characteristics, is intermediate between Amphipoda and Isopoda.

Anonymous (a.) Nameless; of unknown name; also, of unknown or unavowed authorship; as, an anonymous benefactor; an anonymous pamphlet or letter.

Anthrenus (n.) A genus of small beetles, several of which, in the larval state, are very destructive to woolen goods, fur, etc. The common "museum pest" is A. varius; the carpet beetle is A. scrophulariae. The larvae are commonly confounded with moths.

Antichlor (n.) Any substance (but especially sodium hyposulphite) used in removing the excess of chlorine left in paper pulp or stuffs after bleaching.

Antigraph (n.) A copy or transcript.

Antiphone (n.) The response which one side of the choir makes to the other in a chant; alternate chanting or signing.

Antiphony (n.) A musical response; also, antiphonal chanting or signing.

Antiphony (n.) An anthem or psalm sung alternately by a choir or congregation divided into two parts. Also figuratively.

Aphanitic (a.) Resembling aphanite; having a very fine-grained structure.

Apheresis (n.) The dropping of a letter or syllable from the beginning of a word; e. g., cute for acute.

Apheresis (n.) An operation by which any part is separated from the rest.

Aphrodite (n.) The Greek goddess of love, corresponding to the Venus of the Romans.

Aphrodite (n.) A large marine annelid, covered with long, lustrous, golden, hairlike setae; the sea mouse.

Aphrodite (n.) A beautiful butterfly (Argunnis Aphrodite) of the United States.

Aphyllous (a.) Destitute of leaves, as the broom rape, certain euphorbiaceous plants, etc.

Aplanatic (a.) Having two or more parts of different curvatures, so combined as to remove spherical aberration; -- said of a lens.

Apocrypha (n. pl.) Something, as a writing, that is of doubtful authorship or authority; -- formerly used also adjectively.

Apocrypha (n. pl.) Specif.: Certain writings which are received by some Christians as an authentic part of the Holy Scriptures, but are rejected by others.

Apophasis (n.) A figure by which a speaker formally declines to take notice of a favorable point, but in such a manner as to produce the effect desired. [For example, see Mark Antony's oration. Shak., Julius Caesar, iii. 2.]

Apophysis (n.) A marked prominence or process on any part of a bone.

Apophysis (n.) An enlargement at the top of a pedicel or stem, as seen in certain mosses.

Arabinose (n.) A sugar of the composition C5H10O5, obtained from cherry gum by boiling it with dilute sulphuric acid.

Aragonite (n.) A mineral identical in composition with calcite or carbonate of lime, but differing from it in its crystal.

Archiater (n.) Chief physician; -- a term applied, on the continent of Europe, to the first or body physician of princes and to the first physician of some cities.

Arcograph (n.) An instrument for drawing a circular arc without the use of a central point; a cyclograph.

Aretology (n.) That part of moral philosophy which treats of virtue, its nature, and the means of attaining to it.

Argentite (n.) Sulphide of silver; -- also called vitreous silver, or silver glance. It has a metallic luster, a lead-gray color, and is sectile like lead.

Argonauta (n.) A genus of Cephalopoda. The shell is called paper nautilus or paper sailor.

Asiphonea (n. pl.) Alt. of Asiphonida

Asphaltum (n.) Mineral pitch, Jews' pitch, or compact native bitumen. It is brittle, of a black or brown color and high luster on a surface of fracture; it melts and burns when heated, leaving no residue. It occurs on the surface and shores of the Dead Sea, which is therefore called Asphaltites, or the Asphaltic Lake. It is found also in many parts of Asia, Europe, and America. See Bitumen.

Asphaltum (n.) A composition of bitumen, pitch, lime, and gravel, used for forming pavements, and as a water-proof cement for bridges, roofs, etc.; asphaltic cement. Artificial asphalt is prepared from coal tar, lime, sand, etc.

Asphaltic (a.) Pertaining to, of the nature of, or containing, asphalt; bituminous.

Asphaltus (n.) See Asphalt.

Asphyctic (a.) Pertaining to asphyxia.

Asphyxial (a.) Of or relating to asphyxia; as, asphyxial phenomena.

Asphyxied (p. p. ) In a state of asphyxia; suffocated.

Astrolabe (n.) A stereographic projection of the sphere on the plane of a great circle, as the equator, or a meridian; a planisphere.

Astronomy (n.) The science which treats of the celestial bodies, of their magnitudes, motions, distances, periods of revolution, eclipses, constitution, physical condition, and of the causes of their various phenomena.

Astrophel (n.) See Astrofel.

Atrophied (p. a.) Affected with atrophy, as a tissue or organ; arrested in development at a very early stage; rudimentary.

Atrophied (p. p.) of Atrophy

Audiphone (n.) An instrument which, placed against the teeth, conveys sound to the auditory nerve and enables the deaf to hear more or less distinctly; a dentiphone.

Authentic (n.) Having a genuine original or authority, in opposition to that which is false, fictitious, counterfeit, or apocryphal; being what it purports to be; genuine; not of doubtful origin; real; as, an authentic paper or register.

Authotype (n.) A type or block containing a facsimile of an autograph.

Autograph (n.) That which is written with one's own hand; an original manuscript; a person's own signature or handwriting.

Autograph (a.) In one's own handwriting; as, an autograph letter; an autograph will.

Autophagi (n. pl.) Birds which are able to run about and obtain their own food as soon as hatched.

Autophoby (n.) Fear of one's self; fear of being egotistical.

Autophony (n.) An auscultatory process, which consists in noting the tone of the observer's own voice, while he speaks, holding his head close to the patient's chest.

Averroist (n.) One of a sect of peripatetic philosophers, who appeared in Italy before the restoration of learning; so denominated from Averroes, or Averrhoes, a celebrated Arabian philosopher. He held the doctrine of monopsychism.

Bacterium (n.) A microscopic vegetable organism, belonging to the class Algae, usually in the form of a jointed rodlike filament, and found in putrefying organic infusions. Bacteria are destitute of chlorophyll, and are the smallest of microscopic organisms. They are very widely diffused in nature, and multiply with marvelous rapidity, both by fission and by spores. Certain species are active agents in fermentation, while others appear to be the cause of certain infectious diseases.

Barograph (n.) An instrument for recording automatically the variations of atmospheric pressure.

Barometer (n.) An instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere, and hence for judging of the probable changes of weather, or for ascertaining the height of any ascent.

Baroscope (n.) Any instrument showing the changes in the weight of the atmosphere; also, less appropriately, any instrument that indicates -or foreshadows changes of the weather, as a deep vial of liquid holding in suspension some substance which rises and falls with atmospheric changes.

Baryphony (n.) Difficulty of speech.

Batrachia (n. pl.) The order of amphibians which includes the frogs and toads; the Anura. Sometimes the word is used in a wider sense as equivalent to Amphibia.

Bearberry (n.) A trailing plant of the heath family (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi), having leaves which are tonic and astringent, and glossy red berries of which bears are said to be fond.

Beefeater (n.) An African bird of the genus Buphaga, which feeds on the larvae of botflies hatched under the skin of oxen, antelopes, etc. Two species are known.

Belemnite (n.) A conical calcareous fossil, tapering to a point at the lower extremity, with a conical cavity at the other end, where it is ordinarily broken; but when perfect it contains a small chambered cone, called the phragmocone, prolonged, on one side, into a delicate concave blade; the thunderstone. It is the internal shell of a cephalopod related to the sepia, and belonging to an extinct family. The belemnites are found in rocks of the Jurassic and Cretaceous ages.

Biography (n.) The written history of a person's life.

Biography (n.) Biographical writings in general.

Blackbird (n.) In England, a species of thrush (Turdus merula), a singing bird with a fin note; the merle. In America the name is given to several birds, as the Quiscalus versicolor, or crow blackbird; the Agelaeus phoeniceus, or red-winged blackbird; the cowbird; the rusty grackle, etc. See Redwing.

Blackfish (n.) A small kind of whale, of the genus Globicephalus, of several species. The most common is G. melas. Also sometimes applied to other whales of larger size.

Blackfish (n.) A fish of southern Europe (Centrolophus pompilus) of the Mackerel family.

Blaspheme (v.) To speak of, or address, with impious irreverence; to revile impiously (anything sacred); as, to blaspheme the Holy Spirit.

Blaspheme (v.) Figuratively, of persons and things not religiously sacred, but held in high honor: To calumniate; to revile; to abuse.

Blaspheme (v. i.) To utter blasphemy.

Blasphemy (n.) An indignity offered to God in words, writing, or signs; impiously irreverent words or signs addressed to, or used in reference to, God; speaking evil of God; also, the act of claiming the attributes or prerogatives of deity.

Blasphemy (n.) Figuratively, of things held in high honor: Calumny; abuse; vilification.

Bolstered (a.) Supported; upheld.

Bombardon (n.) Originally, a deep-toned instrument of the oboe or bassoon family; thence, a bass reed stop on the organ. The name bombardon is now given to a brass instrument, the lowest of the saxhorns, in tone resembling the ophicleide.

Botryogen (n.) A hydrous sulphate of iron of a deep red color. It often occurs in botryoidal form.

Brachyura (n. pl.) A group of decapod Crustacea, including the common crabs, characterized by a small and short abdomen, which is bent up beneath the large cephalo-thorax. [Also spelt Brachyoura.] See Crab, and Illustration in Appendix.

Brimstone (v. t.) Sulphur; See Sulphur.

Brimstony (a.) Containing or resembling brimstone; sulphurous.

Briticism (n.) A word, phrase, or idiom peculiar to Great Britain; any manner of using a word or words that is peculiar to Great Britain.

Brownwort (n.) A species of figwort or Scrophularia (S. vernalis), and other species of the same genus, mostly perennials with inconspicuous coarse flowers.

Bryophyta (n. pl.) See Cryptogamia.

Cablegram (n.) A message sent by a submarine telegraphic cable.

Cacophony (n.) An uncouth or disagreable sound of words, owing to the concurrence of harsh letters or syllables.

Cacophony (n.) A combination of discordant sounds.

Cacophony (n.) An unhealthy state of the voice.

Caecilian (n.) A limbless amphibian belonging to the order Caeciliae or Ophimorpha. See Ophiomorpha.

Caliphate (n.) The office, dignity, or government of a caliph or of the caliphs.

Calycozoa (n. pl.) A group of acalephs of which Lucernaria is the type. The body is cup-shaped with eight marginal lobes bearing clavate tentacles. An aboral sucker serves for attachment. The interior is divided into four large compartments. See Lucernarida.

Camphogen (n.) See Cymene.

Camphoric (a.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, camphor.

Capillary (n.) A minute, thin-walled vessel; particularly one of the smallest blood vessels connecting arteries and veins, but used also for the smallest lymphatic and biliary vessels.

Carbuncle (n.) A beautiful gem of a deep red color (with a mixture of scarlet) called by the Greeks anthrax; found in the East Indies. When held up to the sun, it loses its deep tinge, and becomes of the color of burning coal. The name belongs for the most part to ruby sapphire, though it has been also given to red spinel and garnet.

Carnation (n.) A species of Dianthus (D. Caryophyllus) or pink, having very beautiful flowers of various colors, esp. white and usually a rich, spicy scent.

Carpellum (n.) A simple pistil or single-celled ovary or seed vessel, or one of the parts of a compound pistil, ovary, or seed vessel. See Illust of Carpaphore.

Cartesian (a.) Of or pertaining to the French philosopher Rene Descartes, or his philosophy.

Cassidony (n.) The goldilocks (Chrysocoma Linosyris) and perhaps other plants related to the genus Gnaphalium or cudweed.

Cast iron () Highly carbonized iron, the direct product of the blast furnace; -- used for making castings, and for conversion into wrought iron and steel. It can not be welded or forged, is brittle, and sometimes very hard. Besides carbon, it contains sulphur, phosphorus, silica, etc.

Casuistry (a.) Sophistical, equivocal, or false reasoning or teaching in regard to duties, obligations, and morals.

Cataclysm (n.) Any violent catastrophe, involving sudden and extensive changes of the earth's surface.

Catalogue (n.) A list or enumeration of names, or articles arranged methodically, often in alphabetical order; as, a catalogue of the students of a college, or of books, or of the stars.

Catalysis (n.) A process by which reaction occurs in the presence of certain agents which were formerly believed to exert an influence by mere contact. It is now believed that such reactions are attended with the formation of an intermediate compound or compounds, so that by alternate composition and decomposition the agent is apparenty left unchanged; as, the catalysis of making ether from alcohol by means of sulphuric acid; or catalysis in the action of soluble ferments

Catchword (n.) A word or phrase caught up and repeated for effect; as, the catchword of a political party, etc.

Celestite (n.) Native strontium sulphate, a mineral so named from its occasional delicate blue color. It occurs crystallized, also in compact massive and fibrous forms.

Celluloid (n.) A substance composed essentially of gun cotton and camphor, and when pure resembling ivory in texture and color, but variously colored to imitate coral, tortoise shell, amber, malachite, etc. It is used in the manufacture of jewelry and many small articles, as combs, brushes, collars, and cuffs; -- originally called xylonite.

Cellulose (n.) The substance which constitutes the essential part of the solid framework of plants, of ordinary wood, linen, paper, etc. It is also found to a slight extent in certain animals, as the tunicates. It is a carbohydrate, (C6H10O5)n, isomeric with starch, and is convertible into starches and sugars by the action of heat and acids. When pure, it is a white amorphous mass. See Starch, Granulose, Lignin.

Cenotaphy (n.) A cenotaph.

Cephalata (n. pl.) A large division of Mollusca, including all except the bivalves; -- so called because the head is distinctly developed. See Illustration in Appendix.

Cephalate (a.) Having a head.

Cephaloid (a.) Shaped like the head.

Cephalous (a.) Having a head; -- applied chiefly to the Cephalata, a division of mollusks.

Ceraunics (n.) That branch of physics which treats of heat and electricity.

Cerebrose (n.) A sugarlike body obtained by the decomposition of the nitrogenous non-phosphorized principles of the brain.

Cerograph (n.) A writing on wax.

Chafeweed (n.) The cudweed (Gnaphalium), used to prevent or cure chafing.

Character (n.) A unique or extraordinary individuality; a person characterized by peculiar or notable traits; a person who illustrates certain phases of character; as, Randolph was a character; Caesar is a great historical character.

Chicanery (n.) Mean or unfair artifice to perplex a cause and obscure the truth; stratagem; sharp practice; sophistry.

Chickweed (n.) The name of several caryophyllaceous weeds, especially Stellaria media, the seeds and flower buds of which are a favorite food of small birds.

Chirology (n.) The art or practice of using the manual alphabet or of communicating thoughts by sings made by the hands and fingers; a substitute for spoken or written language in intercourse with the deaf and dumb. See Dactylalogy.

Chophouse (n.) A house where chops, etc., are sold; an eating house.

Chophouse (n.) A customhouse where transit duties are levied.

Chromogen () Any colored compound, supposed to contain one or more chromophores.

Ciphering (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Cipher

Claustrum (n.) A thin lamina of gray matter in each cerebral hemisphere of the brain of man.

Cobaltite (n.) A mineral of a nearly silver-white color, composed of arsenic, sulphur, and cobalt.

Coherency (n.) Connection or dependence, proceeding from the subordination of the parts of a thing to one principle or purpose, as in the parts of a discourse, or of a system of philosophy; consecutiveness.

Collidine (n.) One of a class of organic bases, C8H11N, usually pungent oily liquids, belonging to the pyridine series, and obtained from bone oil, coal tar, naphtha, and certain alkaloids.

Collodion (n.) A solution of pyroxylin (soluble gun cotton) in ether containing a varying proportion of alcohol. It is strongly adhesive, and is used by surgeons as a coating for wounds; but its chief application is as a vehicle for the sensitive film in photography.

Colophany (n.) See Colophony.

Colophene (n.) A colorless, oily liquid, formerly obtained by distillation of colophony. It is regarded as a polymeric form of terebenthene. Called also diterebene.

Colophony (n.) Rosin.

Colosseum (n.) The amphitheater of Vespasian in Rome.

Condition (n.) Mode or state of being; state or situation with regard to external circumstances or influences, or to physical or mental integrity, health, strength, etc.; predicament; rank; position, estate.

Confucian (a.) Of, or relating to, Confucius, the great Chinese philosopher and teacher.

Consonant (n.) An articulate sound which in utterance is usually combined and sounded with an open sound called a vowel; a member of the spoken alphabet other than a vowel; also, a letter or character representing such a sound.

Consonous (a.) Agreeing in sound; symphonious.

Copygraph (n.) A contrivance for producing manifold copies of a writing or drawing.

Corpuscle (n.) A protoplasmic animal cell; esp., such as float free, like blood, lymph, and pus corpuscles; or such as are imbedded in an intercellular matrix, like connective tissue and cartilage corpuscles. See Blood.

Correlate (v. t.) To put in relation with each other; to connect together by the disclosure of a mutual relation; as, to correlate natural phenomena.

Coryphene (n.) A fish of the genus Coryphaena. See Dolphin. (2)

Corypheus (n.) The conductor, chief, or leader of the dramatic chorus; hence, the chief or leader of a party or interest.

Courtling (n.) A sycophantic courtier.

Covellite (n.) A native sulphide of copper, occuring in masses of a dark blue color; -- hence called indigo copper.

Creephole (n.) A hole or retreat into which an animal may creep, to escape notice or danger.

Creephole (n.) A subterfuge; an excuse.

Cretinism (n.) A condition of endemic or inherited idiocy, accompanied by physical degeneracy and deformity (usually with goiter), frequent in certain mountain valleys, esp. of the Alps.

Ctenocyst (n.) An organ of the Ctenophora, supposed to be sensory.

Cyamelide (n.) A white amorphous substance, regarded as a polymeric modification of isocyanic acid.

Cyanosite (n.) Native sulphate of copper. Cf. Blue vitriol, under Blue.

Cyanotype (n.) A photographic picture obtained by the use of a cyanide.

Cymophane (n.) See Chrysoberyl.

Cyphonism (n.) A punishment sometimes used by the ancients, consisting in the besmearing of the criminal with honey, and exposing him to insects. It is still in use among some Oriental nations.

Daphnetin (n.) A colorless crystal.

Dasymeter (n.) An instrument for testing the density of gases, consisting of a thin glass globe, which is weighed in the gas or gases, and then in an atmosphere of known density.

Dayflower (n.) A genus consisting mostly of tropical perennial herbs (Commelina), having ephemeral flowers.

Decillion (n.) According to the English notation, a million involved to the tenth power, or a unit with sixty ciphers annexed; according to the French and American notation, a thousand involved to the eleventh power, or a unit with thirty-three ciphers annexed. [See the Note under Numeration.]

Deflector (n.) That which deflects, as a diaphragm in a furnace, or a cone in a lamp (to deflect and mingle air and gases and help combustion).

Delphinic (n.) Pertaining to, or derived from, the dolphin; phocenic.

Delphinic (a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, the larkspur; specifically, relating to the stavesacre (Delphinium staphisagria).

Delphinus (n.) A genus of Cetacea, including the dolphin. See Dolphin, 1.

Delphinus (n.) The Dolphin, a constellation near the equator and east of Aquila.

Dentalium (n.) A genus of marine mollusks belonging to the Scaphopoda, having a tubular conical shell.

Denticete (n. pl.) The division of Cetacea in which the teeth are developed, including the sperm whale, dolphins, etc.

Desmodont (n.) A member of a group of South American blood-sucking bats, of the genera Desmodus and Diphylla. See Vampire.

Developer (n.) A reagent by the action of which the latent image upon a photographic plate, after exposure in the camera, or otherwise, is developed and visible.

Devilfish (n.) A huge ray (Manta birostris / Cephaloptera vampyrus) of the Gulf of Mexico and Southern Atlantic coasts. Several other related species take the same name. See Cephaloptera.

Devilfish (n.) A large cephalopod, especially the very large species of Octopus and Architeuthis. See Octopus.

Devilfish (n.) The goosefish or angler (Lophius), and other allied fishes. See Angler.

Dew-point (n.) The temperature at which dew begins to form. It varies with the humidity and temperature of the atmosphere.

Dexterity (n.) Readiness and grace in physical activity; skill and ease in using the hands; expertness in manual acts; as, dexterity with the chisel.

Diaphaned (a.) Transparent or translucent.

Diaphanic (a.) Having power to transmit light; transparent; diaphanous.

Diaphanie (n.) The art of imitating //ined glass with translucent paper.

Diaphonic (a.) Alt. of Diaphonical

Diaphragm (n.) A dividing membrane or thin partition, commonly with an opening through it.

Diaphragm (n.) The muscular and tendinous partition separating the cavity of the chest from that of the abdomen; the midriff.

Diaphragm (n.) A calcareous plate which divides the cavity of certain shells into two parts.

Diaphragm (n.) A plate with an opening, which is generally circular, used in instruments to cut off marginal portions of a beam of light, as at the focus of a telescope.

Diaphragm (n.) A partition in any compartment, for various purposes.

Diaphysis (n.) An abnormal prolongation of the axis of inflorescence.

Diaphysis (n.) The shaft, or main part, of a bone, which is first ossified.

Dichotomy (n.) That phase of the moon in which it appears bisected, or shows only half its disk, as at the quadratures.

Dicyemata (n. pl.) An order of worms parasitic in cephalopods. They are remarkable for the extreme simplicity of their structure. The embryo exists in two forms.

Didelphia (n. pl.) The subclass of Mammalia which includes the marsupials. See Marsupialia.

Didelphic (a.) Having the uterus double; of or pertaining to the Didelphia.

Didelphid (a.) Same as Didelphic.

Didelphid (n.) A marsupial animal.

Didelphyc (a.) Same as Didelphic.

Dietetist (n.) A physician who applies the rules of dietetics to the cure of diseases.

Digraphic (a.) Of or pertaining to a digraph.

Dimension (n.) A literal factor, as numbered in characterizing a term. The term dimensions forms with the cardinal numbers a phrase equivalent to degree with the ordinal; thus, a2b2c is a term of five dimensions, or of the fifth degree.

Dimension (n.) The manifoldness with which the fundamental units of time, length, and mass are involved in determining the units of other physical quantities.

Dimidiate (a.) Having the organs of one side, or half, different in function from the corresponding organs on the other side; as, dimidiate hermaphroditism.

Dimorphic (a.) Having the property of dimorphism; dimorphous.

Diphthong (n.) A coalition or union of two vowel sounds pronounced in one syllable; as, ou in out, oi in noise; -- called a proper diphthong.

Diphthong (n.) A vowel digraph; a union of two vowels in the same syllable, only one of them being sounded; as, ai in rain, eo in people; -- called an improper diphthong.

Diphthong (v. t.) To form or pronounce as a diphthong; diphthongize.

Dithionic (a.) Containing two equivalents of sulphur; as, dithionic acid.

Dolphinet (n.) A female dolphin.

Doom palm () A species of palm tree (Hyphaene Thebaica), highly valued for the fibrous pulp of its fruit, which has the flavor of gingerbread, and is largely eaten in Egypt and Abyssinia.

Doryphora (n.) A genus of plant-eating beetles, including the potato beetle. See Potato beetle.

Dowitcher (n.) The red-breasted or gray snipe (Macrorhamphus griseus); -- called also brownback, and grayback.

Dreissena (n.) A genus of bivalve shells of which one species (D. polymorpha) is often so abundant as to be very troublesome in the fresh waters of Europe.

Dufrenite (n.) A mineral of a blackish green color, commonly massive or in nodules. It is a hydrous phosphate of iron.

Dumb-bell (n.) A weight, consisting of two spheres or spheroids, connected by a short bar for a handle; used (often in pairs) for gymnastic exercise.

Duykerbok (n.) A small South African antelope (Cephalous mergens); -- called also impoon, and deloo.

Dynamical (a.) Relating to physical forces, effects, or laws; as, dynamical geology.

Dysphagia (n.) Alt. of Dysphagy

Dysphonia (n.) Alt. of Dysphony

Dysphoria (n.) Impatience under affliction; morbid restlessness; dissatisfaction; the fidgets.

Eccentric (a.) Not having the same center; -- said of circles, ellipses, spheres, etc., which, though coinciding, either in whole or in part, as to area or volume, have not the same center; -- opposed to concentric.

Eccentric (a.) Deviating from stated methods, usual practice, or established forms or laws; deviating from an appointed sphere or way; departing from the usual course; irregular; anomalous; odd; as, eccentric conduct.

Ecphonema (n.) A breaking out with some interjectional particle.

Ecphoneme (n.) A mark (!) used to indicate an exclamation.

Egophonic (a.) Belonging to, or resembling, egophony.

Eidograph (n.) An instrument for copying drawings on the same or a different scale; a form of the pantograph.

Elaeolite (n.) A variety of hephelite, usually massive, of greasy luster, and gray to reddish color.

Elephansy (n.) Elephantiasis.

Elevation (n.) A geometrical projection of a building, or other object, on a plane perpendicular to the horizon; orthographic projection on a vertical plane; -- called by the ancients the orthography.

Embellish (v. t.) To make beautiful or elegant by ornaments; to decorate; to adorn; as, to embellish a book with pictures, a garden with shrubs and flowers, a narrative with striking anecdotes, or style with metaphors.

Emphasize (v. t.) To utter or pronounce with a particular stress of voice; to make emphatic; as, to emphasize a word or a phrase.

Emphrensy (v. t.) To madden.

Emphysema (n.) A swelling produced by gas or air diffused in the cellular tissue.

Empirical (a.) Pertaining to, or founded upon, experiment or experience; depending upon the observation of phenomena; versed in experiments.

Encoubert (n.) One of several species of armadillos of the genera Dasypus and Euphractus, having five toes both on the fore and hind feet.

Endeictic (a.) Serving to show or exhibit; as, an endeictic dialogue, in the Platonic philosophy, is one which exhibits a specimen of skill.

Endolymph (n.) The watery fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of the internal ear.

Endomorph (n.) A crystal of one species inclosed within one of another, as one of rutile inclosed in quartz.

Entophyte (n.) A vegetable parasite subsisting in the interior of the body.

Ephemeral (a.) Beginning and ending in a day; existing only, or no longer than, a day; diurnal; as, an ephemeral flower.

Ephemeral (a.) Short-lived; existing or continuing for a short time only.

Ephemeral (n.) Anything lasting but a day, or a brief time; an ephemeral plant, insect, etc.

Ephemeran (n.) One of the ephemeral flies.

Ephemeric (a.) Ephemeral.

Ephemeris (n.) A diary; a journal.

Ephemeris (n.) A publication giving the computed places of the heavenly bodies for each day of the year, with other numerical data, for the use of the astronomer and navigator; an astronomical almanac; as, the "American Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac."

Ephemeris (n.) Any tabular statement of the assigned places of a heavenly body, as a planet or comet, on several successive days.

Ephemeris (n.) A collective name for reviews, magazines, and all kinds of periodical literature.

Ephemeron (n.) One of the ephemeral flies.

Ephialtes (n.) The nightmare.

Ephippial (a.) Saddle-shaped; occupying an ephippium.

Ephippium (n.) A depression in the sphenoid bone; the pituitary fossa.

Ephippium (n.) A saddle-shaped cavity to contain the winter eggs, situated on the back of Cladocera.

Ephoralty (n.) The office of an ephor, or the body of ephors.

Epicurean (a.) Pertaining to Epicurus, or following his philosophy.

Epigraphy (n.) The science of inscriptions; the art of engraving inscriptions or of deciphering them.

Epinastic (a.) A term applied to that phase of vegetable growth in which an organ grows more rapidly on its upper than on its under surface. See Hyponastic.

Epineural (a.) Arising from the neurapophysis of a vertebra.

Epinicion (n.) A song of triumph.

Epiphragm (n.) A membranaceous or calcareous septum with which some mollusks close the aperture of the shell during the time of hibernation, or aestivation.

Epiphyses (pl. ) of Epiphysis

Epiphysis (n.) The end, or other superficial part, of a bone, which ossifies separately from the central portion, or diaphysis.

Epiphysis (n.) The cerebral epiphysis, or pineal gland. See Pineal gland, under Pineal.

Epiphytal (a.) Pertaining to an epiphyte.

Epiphytic (a.) Alt. of Epiphytical

Epipteric (a.) Pertaining to a small Wormian bone sometimes present in the human skull between the parietal and the great wing of the sphenoid.

Epitapher (n.) A writer of epitaphs.

Epitaphic (a.) Pertaining to an epitaph; epitaphian.

Epitaphic (n.) An epitaph.

Epizeuxis (n.) A figure by which a word is repeated with vehemence or emphasis, as in the following lines: -

Erythrite (n.) A colorless crystal.

Esophagal (a.) Esophageal.

Esophagus (n.) That part of the alimentary canal between the pharynx and the stomach; the gullet. See Illust. of Digestive apparatus, under Digestive.

Etymology (n.) That branch of philological science which treats of the history of words, tracing out their origin, primitive significance, and changes of form and meaning.

Eumenides (n. pl.) A euphemistic name for the Furies of Erinyes.

Euphemism (n.) A figure in which a harts or indelicate word or expression is softened; a way of describing an offensive thing by an inoffensive expression; a mild name for something disagreeable.

Euphemize (v. t. & i.) To express by a euphemism, or in delicate language; to make use of euphemistic expressions.

Euphoniad (n.) An instrument in which are combined the characteristic tones of the organ and various other instruments.

Euphonism (n.) An agreeable combination of sounds; euphony.

Euphonium (n.) A bass instrument of the saxhorn family.

Euphonize (v. t.) To make euphonic.

Euphonous (n.) Euphonious.

Euphonies (pl. ) of Euphony

Euphorbia (n.) Spurge, or bastard spurge, a genus of plants of many species, mostly shrubby, herbaceous succulents, affording an acrid, milky juice. Some of them are armed with thorns. Most of them yield powerful emetic and cathartic products.

Euphotide (n.) A rock occurring in the Alps, consisting of saussurite and smaragdite; -- sometimes called gabbro.

Euryalida (n. pl.) A tribe of Ophiuroidea, including the genera Euryale, Astrophyton, etc. They generally have the arms branched. See Astrophyton.

Eutychian (n.) A follower of Eutyches [5th century], who held that the divine and the human in the person of Christ were blended together as to constitute but one nature; a monophysite; -- opposed to Nestorian.

Evolution (n.) A general name for the history of the steps by which any living organism has acquired the morphological and physiological characters which distinguish it; a gradual unfolding of successive phases of growth or development.

Evolution (n.) That series of changes under natural law which involves continuous progress from the homogeneous to the heterogeneous in structure, and from the single and simple to the diverse and manifold in quality or function. The pocess is by some limited to organic beings; by others it is applied to the inorganic and the psychical. It is also applied to explain the existence and growth of institutions, manners, language, civilization, and every product of human activity.

Excelsior (n.) A kind of stuffing for upholstered furniture, mattresses, etc., in which curled shreds of wood are substituted for curled hair.

Exstrophy (n.) The eversion or turning out of any organ, or of its inner surface; as, exstrophy of the eyelid or of the bladder.

Extensive (a.) Having wide extent; of much superficial extent; expanded; large; broad; wide; comprehensive; as, an extensive farm; an extensive lake; an extensive sphere of operations; extensive benevolence; extensive greatness.

Eyebright (n.) A small annual plant (Euphrasia officinalis), formerly much used as a remedy for diseases of the eye.

Fantastic (a.) Having the nature of a phantom; unreal.

Fascinate (v. t.) To excite and allure irresistibly or powerfully; to charm; to captivate, as by physical or mental charms.

Fatidical (a.) Having power to foretell future events; prophetic; fatiloquent; as, the fatidical oak.

Ferrotype (n.) A photographic picture taken on an iron plate by a collodion process; -- familiarly called tintype.

Feudalist (n.) An upholder of feudalism.

Firmament (v. & a.) The orb of the fixed stars; the most rmote of the celestial spheres.

Forebrain (n.) The anterior of the three principal divisions of the brain, including the prosencephalon and thalamencephalon. Sometimes restricted to the prosencephalon only. See Brain.

Fortifier (n.) One who, or that which, fortifies, strengthens, supports, or upholds.

Free will () The power asserted of moral beings of willing or choosing without the restraints of physical or absolute necessity.

Furzeling (n.) An English warbler (Melizophilus provincialis); -- called also furze wren, and Dartford warbler.

Gallinule (n.) One of several wading birds, having long, webless toes, and a frontal shield, belonging to the family Rallidae. They are remarkable for running rapidly over marshes and on floating plants. The purple gallinule of America is Ionornis Martinica, that of the Old World is Porphyrio porphyrio. The common European gallinule (Gallinula chloropus) is also called moor hen, water hen, water rail, moor coot, night bird, and erroneously dabchick.

Galvanism (n.) The branch of physical science which treats of dynamical elecricity, or the properties and effects of electrical currents.

Gazetteer (n.) A geographical dictionary; a book giving the names and descriptions, etc., of many places.

Gazetteer (n.) An alphabetical descriptive list of anything.

Geography (n.) The science which treats of the world and its inhabitants; a description of the earth, or a portion of the earth, including its structure, fetures, products, political divisions, and the people by whom it is inhabited.

Geography (n.) A treatise on this science.

Gephyrean (a.) Belonging to the Gephyrea. -- n. One of the Gerphyrea.

Glaucodot (n.) A metallic mineral having a grayish tin-white color, and containing cobalt and iron, with sulphur and arsenic.

Globosity (n.) Sphericity.

Globulite (n.) A rudimentary form of crystallite, spherical in shape.

Globulous (a.) Globular; spherical; orbicular.

Glomerate (v. t. & i.) To gather or wind into a ball; to collect into a spherical form or mass, as threads.

Glucoside (n.) One of a large series of amorphous or crystal.

Glycolide (n.) A white amorphous powder, C4H4O, obtained by heating and dehydrating glycolic acid.

Gomphosis (n.) A form of union or immovable articulation where a hard part is received into the cavity of a bone, as the teeth into the jaws.

Goniatite (n.) One of an extinct genus of fossil cephalopods, allied to the Ammonites. The earliest forms are found in the Devonian formation, the latest, in the Triassic.

Gonophore (n.) A sexual zooid produced as a medusoid bud upon a hydroid, sometimes becoming a free hydromedusa, sometimes remaining attached. See Hydroidea, and Illusts. of Athecata, Campanularian, and Gonosome.

Gonophore (n.) A lengthened receptacle, bearing the stamens and carpels in a conspicuous manner.

Gonotheca (n.) A capsule developed on certain hydroids (Thecaphora), inclosing the blastostyle upon which the medusoid buds or gonophores are developed; -- called also gonangium, and teleophore. See Hydroidea, and Illust. of Campanularian.

Gonozooid (n.) A sexual zooid, or medusoid bud of a hydroid; a gonophore. See Hydroidea, and Illust. of Campanularian.

Graphical (a.) Of or pertaining to the arts of painting and drawing.

Graphical (a.) Of or pertaining to the art of writing.

Graphical (a.) Written or engraved; formed of letters or lines.

Graphical (a.) Well delineated; clearly and vividly described.

Graphical (a.) Having the faculty of, or characterized by, clear and impressive description; vivid; as, a graphic writer.

Graphitic (a.) Pertaining to, containing, derived from, or resembling, graphite.

Greensand (n.) A variety of sandstone, usually imperfectly consolidated, consisting largely of glauconite, a silicate of iron and potash of a green color, mixed with sand and a trace of phosphate of lime.

Guanidine (n.)

Gunpowder (n.) A black, granular, explosive substance, consisting of an intimate mechanical mixture of niter, charcoal, and sulphur. It is used in gunnery and blasting.

Gymnocopa (n. pl.) A group of transparent, free-swimming Annelida, having setae only in the cephalic appendages.

Gynoecium (n.) The pistils of a flower, taken collectively. See Illust. of Carpophore.

Gynophore (n.) The pedicel raising the pistil or ovary above the stamens, as in the passion flower.

Gynophore (n.) One of the branches bearing the female gonophores, in certain Siphonophora.

Haematoin (n.) A substance formed from the hematin of blood, by removal of the iron through the action of concentrated sulphuric acid. Two like bodies, called respectively haematoporphyrin and haematolin, are formed in a similar manner.

Hall-mark (n.) The official stamp of the Goldsmiths' Company and other assay offices, in the United Kingdom, on gold and silver articles, attesting their purity. Also used figuratively; -- as, a word or phrase lacks the hall-mark of the best writers.

Halophyte (n.) A plant found growing in salt marshes, or in the sea.

Haloscope (n.) An instrument for exhibition or illustration of the phenomena of halos, parhelia, and the like.

Hamadryad (n.) A tree nymph whose life ended with that of the particular tree, usually an oak, which had been her abode.

Hamadryad (n.) A large venomous East Indian snake (Orhiophagus bungarus), allied to the cobras.

Hamadryas (n.) The sacred baboon of Egypt (Cynocephalus Hamadryas).

Haphazard (n.) Extra hazard; chance; accident; random.

Harmonica (n.) A musical instrument, consisting of a series of hemispherical glasses which, by touching the edges with the dampened finger, give forth the tones.

Hartbeest (n.) A large South African antelope (Alcelaphus caama), formerly much more abundant than it is now. The face and legs are marked with black, the rump with white.

Haversian (a.) Pertaining to, or discovered by, Clopton Havers, an English physician of the seventeenth century.

Hawk moth () Any moth of the family Sphingidae, of which there are numerous genera and species. They are large, handsome moths, which fly mostly at twilight and hover about flowers like a humming bird, sucking the honey by means of a long, slender proboscis. The larvae are large, hairless caterpillars ornamented with green and other bright colors, and often with a caudal spine. See Sphinx, also Tobacco worm, and Tomato worm.

Heliotypy (n.) A method of transferring pictures from photographic negatives to hardened gelatin plates from which impressions are produced on paper as by lithography.

Hellenism (n.) A phrase or form of speech in accordance with genius and construction or idioms of the Greek language; a Grecism.

Hemiglyph (n.) The half channel or groove in the edge of the triglyph in the Doric order.

Herderite (n.) A rare fluophosphate of glucina, in small white crystals.

Hindbrain (n.) The posterior of the three principal divisions of the brain, including the epencephalon and metencephalon. Sometimes restricted to the epencephalon only.

Hodograph (n.) A curve described by the moving extremity

Holograph (n.) A document, as a letter, deed, or will, wholly in the handwriting of the person from whom it proceeds and whose act it purports to be.

Holophote (n.) A lamp with lenses or reflectors to collect the rays of light and throw them in a given direction; -- used in lighthouses.

Homodemic (a.) A morphological term signifying development, in the case of multicellular organisms, from the same unit deme or unit of the inferior orders of individuality.

Homograph (n.) One of two or more words identical in orthography, but having different derivations and meanings; as, fair, n., a market, and fair, a., beautiful.

Homophone (n.) A letter or character which expresses a like sound with another.

Homophone (n.) A word having the same sound as another, but differing from it in meaning and usually in spelling; as, all and awl; bare and bear; rite, write, right, and wright.

Homophony (n.) Sameness of sound.

Homophony (n.) Sameness of sound; unison.

Homophony (n.) Plain harmony, as opposed to polyphony. See Homophonous.

Homophyly (n.) That form of homology due to common ancestry (phylogenetic homology), in opposition to homomorphy, to which genealogic basis is wanting.

Homopolic (a.) In promorphology, pertaining to or exhibiting that kind of organic form, in which the stereometric ground form is a pyramid, with similar poles. See Promorphology.

Horoscope (n.) The planisphere invented by Jean Paduanus.

Hyalotype (n.) A photographic picture copied from the negative on glass; a photographic transparency.

Hydrazine (n.) Any one of a series of nitrogenous bases, resembling the amines and produced by the reduction of certain nitroso and diazo compounds; as, methyl hydrazine, phenyl hydrazine, etc. They are derivatives of hydrazine proper, H2N.NH2, which is a doubled amido group, recently (1887) isolated as a stable, colorless gas, with a peculiar, irritating odor. As a base it forms distinct salts. Called also diamide, amidogen, (or more properly diamidogen), etc.

Hydroidea (n. pl.) An extensive order of Hydrozoa or Acalephae.

Hydrology (n.) The science of water, its properties, phenomena, and distribution over the earth's surface.

Hydrophid (n.) Any sea snake of the genus Hydrophys and allied genera. These snakes are venomous, live upon fishes, and have a flattened tail for swimming.

Hyphening (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Hyphen

Hypoderma (n.) A layer of tissue beneath the epidermis in plants, and performing the physiological function of strengthening the epidermal tissue. In phanerogamous plants it is developed as collenchyma.

Iconology (n.) The discussion or description of portraiture or of representative images. Cf. Iconography.

Ideograph (n.) Same as Ideogram.

Idiograph (n.) A mark or signature peculiar to an individual; a trade-mark.

Idioticon (n.) A dictionary of a peculiar dialect, or of the words and phrases peculiar to one part of a country; a glossary.

Ignoramus (n.) We are ignorant; we ignore; -- being the word formerly written on a bill of indictment by a grand jury when there was not sufficient evidence to warrant them in finding it a true bill. The phrase now used is, "No bill," "No true bill," or "Not found," though in some jurisdictions "Ignored" is still used.

Imitation (n.) One of the principal means of securing unity and consistency in polyphonic composition; the repetition of essentially the same melodic theme, phrase, or motive, on different degrees of pitch, by one or more of the other parts of voises. Cf. Canon.

Incapable (a.) Wanting in ability or qualification for the purpose or end in view; not large enough to contain or hold; deficient in physical strength, mental or moral power, etc.; not capable; as, incapable of holding a certain quantity of liquid; incapable of endurance, of comprehension, of perseverance, of reform, etc.

Inceptive (n.) An inceptive word, phrase, or clause.

Indihumin (n.) A brown amorphous substance resembling humin, and obtained from indican.

Influence (n.) Hence, in general, the bringing about of an effect, phusical or moral, by a gradual process; controlling power quietly exerted; agency, force, or tendency of any kind which the sun exerts on animal and vegetable life; the influence of education on the mind; the influence, according to astrologers,of the stars over affairs.

Influence (v. t.) To control or move by power, physical or moral; to affect by gentle action; to exert an influence upon; to modify, bias, or sway; to move; to persuade; to induce.

Inglobate (a.) In the form of a globe or sphere; -- applied to nebulous matter collected into a sphere by the force of gravitation.

Insphered (imp. & p. p.) of Insphere

Intensify (v. t.) To render more intense; as, to intensify heat or cold; to intensify colors; to intensify a photographic negative; to intensify animosity.

Intension (n.) The collective attributes, qualities, or marks that make up a complex general notion; the comprehension, content, or connotation; -- opposed to extension, extent, or sphere.

Intensive (a.) Serving to give force or emphasis; as, an intensive verb or preposition.

Intensive (n.) That which intensifies or emphasizes; an intensive verb or word.

Internode (n.) A part between two joints; a segment; specifically, one of the phalanges.

Interpret (v. t.) To explain or tell the meaning of; to expound; to translate orally into intelligible or familiar language or terms; to decipher; to define; -- applied esp. to language, but also to dreams, signs, conduct, mysteries, etc.; as, to interpret the Hebrew language to an Englishman; to interpret an Indian speech.

Inversion (n.) A change of the usual order of words or phrases; as, "of all vices, impurity is one of the most detestable," instead of, "impurity is one of the most detestable of all vices."

Inversion (n.) Said of a subject, or phrase, when the intervals of which it consists are repeated in the contrary direction, rising instead of falling, or vice versa.

Inversion (n.) The folding back of strata upon themselves, as by upheaval, in such a manner that the order of succession appears to be reversed.

Iridoline (n.) A nitrogenous base C10H9N, extracted from coal-tar naphtha, as an oily liquid.

Irregular (a.) Not regular; not conforming to a law, method, or usage recognized as the general rule; not according to common form; not conformable to nature, to the rules of moral rectitude, or to established principles; not normal; unnatural; immethodical; unsymmetrical; erratic; no straight; not uniform; as, an irregular line; an irregular figure; an irregular verse; an irregular physician; an irregular proceeding; irregular motion; irregular conduct, etc. Cf. Regular.

Irvingite (n.) The common designation of one a sect founded by the Rev. Edward Irving (about 1830), who call themselves the Catholic Apostolic Church. They are highly ritualistic in worship, have an elaborate hierarchy of apostles, prophets, etc., and look for the speedy coming of Christ.

Isogonism (n.) The quality of having similar sexual zooids or gonophores and dissimilar hydrants; -- said of certain hydroids.

Isography (n.) Imitation of another's handwriting.

Italicism (n.) A phrase or idiom peculiar to the Italian language; to Italianism.

Ivorytype (n.) A picture produced by superposing a very light print, rendered translucent by varnish, and tinted upon the back, upon a stronger print, so as to give the effect of a photograph in natural colors; -- called also hellenotype.

Jaborandi (n.) The native name of a South American rutaceous shrub (Pilocarpus pennatifolius). The leaves are used in medicine as an diaphoretic and sialogogue.

Japhetite (n.) A descendant of Japheth.

Jatrophic (a.) Of or pertaining to physic nuts, the seeds of plants of the genus Jatropha.

Jellyfish (n.) Any one of the acalephs, esp. one of the larger species, having a jellylike appearance. See Medusa.

Joint-fir (n.) A genus (Ephedra) of leafless shrubs, with the stems conspicuously jointed; -- called also shrubby horsetail. There are about thirty species, of which two or three are found from Texas to California.

Juniperin (n.) A yellow amorphous substance extracted from juniper berries.

Kieserite (n.) Hydrous sulphate of magnesia found at the salt mines of Stassfurt, Prussian Saxony.

Kleeneboc (n.) (Zool.) An antelope (Cerphalopus pygmaeus), found in South Africa. It is of very small size, being but one foot high at shoulder. It is remarkable for its activity, and for its mild and timid disposition. Called also guevi, and pygmy antelope.

Kobellite (n.) A blackish gray mineral, a sulphide of antimony, bismuth, and lead.

Kymograph (n.) An instrument for measuring, and recording graphically, the pressure of the blood in any of the blood vessels of a living animal; -- called also kymographion.

Lagomorph (n.) One of the Lagomorpha.

Lanarkite (n.) A mineral consisting of sulphate of lead, occurring either massive or in long slender prisms, of a greenish white or gray color.

Lardacein (n.) A peculiar amyloid substance, colored blue by iodine and sulphuric acid, occurring mainly as an abnormal infiltration into the spleen, liver, etc.

Laudanine (n.) A white organic base, resembling morphine, and obtained from certain varieties of opium.

Lemniscus (n.) One of two oval bodies hanging from the interior walls of the body in the Acanthocephala.

Leucocyte (n.) A colorless corpuscle, as one of the white blood corpuscles, or those found in lymph, marrow of bone, connective tissue, etc.

Lightning (n.) A discharge of atmospheric electricity, accompanied by a vivid flash of light, commonly from one cloud to another, sometimes from a cloud to the earth. The sound produced by the electricity in passing rapidly through the atmosphere constitutes thunder.

Linnaeite (n.) A mineral of pale steel-gray color and metallic luster, occurring in isometric crystals, and also massive. It is a sulphide of cobalt containing some nickel or copper.

Listerism (n.) The systematic use of antiseptics in the performance of operations and the treatment of wounds; -- so called from Joseph Lister, an English surgeon.

Lithotint (n.) A kind of lithography by which the effect of a tinted drawing is produced, as if made with India ink.

Liverwort (n.) A flowerless plant

Logogriph (n.) A sort of riddle in which it is required to discover a chosen word from various combinations of its letters, or of some of its letters, which form other words; -- thus, to discover the chosen word chatter form cat, hat, rat, hate, rate, etc.

Loopholed (a.) Provided with loopholes.

Looplight (n.) A small narrow opening or window in a tower or fortified wall; a loophole.

Lophiomys (n.) A very singular rodent (Lophiomys Imhausi) of Northeastern Africa. It is the only known representative of a special family (Lophiomyidae), remarkable for the structure of the skull. It has handlike feet, and the hair is peculiar in structure and arrangement.

Lophopoda (n. pl.) Same as Phylactolemata.

Lophostea (pl. ) of Lophosteon

Lorettine (n.) One of a order of nuns founded in 1812 at Loretto, in Kentucky. The members of the order (called also Sisters of Loretto, or Friends of Mary at the Foot of the Cross) devote themselves to the cause of education and the care of destitute orphans, their labors being chiefly confined to the Western United States.

Lotophagi (n. pl.) A people visited by Ulysses in his wanderings. They subsisted on the lotus. See Lotus (b), and Lotus-eater.

Lucimeter (n.) an instrument for measuring the intensity of light; a photometer.

Ludlamite (n.) A mineral occurring in small, green, transparent, monoclinic crystals. It is a hydrous phosphate of iron.

Lymphated (a.) Frightened into madness; raving.

Lymphatic (a.) pertaining to, containing, or conveying lymph.

Lymphatic (a.) Madly enthusiastic; frantic.

Lymphatic (n.) One of the lymphatic or absorbent vessels, which carry lymph and discharge it into the veins; lymph duct; lymphatic duct.

Lymphatic (n.) A mad enthusiast; a lunatic.

Lymphitis (n.) See Lymphadenitis.

Macartney (n.) A fire-backed pheasant. See Fireback.

Maccabees (n. pl.) The name of two ancient historical books, which give accounts of Jewish affairs in or about the time of the Maccabean princes, and which are received as canonical books in the Roman Catholic Church, but are included in the Apocrypha by Protestants. Also applied to three books, two of which are found in some MSS. of the Septuagint.

Machinery (n.) The supernatural means by which the action of a poetic or fictitious work is carried on and brought to a catastrophe; in an extended sense, the contrivances by which the crises and conclusion of a fictitious narrative, in prose or verse, are effected.

Magnesium (n.) A light silver-white metallic element, malleable and ductile, quite permanent in dry air but tarnishing in moist air. It burns, forming (the oxide) magnesia, with the production of a blinding light (the so-called magnesium light) which is used in signaling, in pyrotechny, or in photography where a strong actinic illuminant is required. Its compounds occur abundantly, as in dolomite, talc, meerschaum, etc. Symbol Mg. Atomic weight, 24.4. Specific gravity, 1.75.

Magnetism (n.) The science which treats of magnetic phenomena.

Malignant (a.) Tending to produce death; threatening a fatal issue; virulent; as, malignant diphtheria.

Manzanita (n.) A name given to several species of Arctostaphylos, but mostly to A. glauca and A. pungens, shrubs of California, Oregon, etc., with reddish smooth bark, ovate or oval coriaceous evergreen leaves, and bearing clusters of red berries, which are said to be a favorite food of the grizzly bear.

Marcasite (n.) A sulphide of iron resembling pyrite or common iron pyrites in composition, but differing in form; white iron pyrites.

Martingal (n.) A lower stay of rope or chain for the jib boom or flying jib boom, fastened to, or reeved through, the dolphin striker. Also, the dolphin striker itself.

Martingal (n.) The act of doubling, at each stake, that which has been lost on the preceding stake; also, the sum so risked; -- metaphorically derived from the bifurcation of the martingale of a harness.

Mechanist (n.) One who regards the phenomena of nature as the effects of forces merely mechanical.

Megaphone (n.) A device to magnify sound, or direct it in a given direction in a greater volume, as a very large funnel used as an ear trumpet or as a speaking trumpet.

Melaphyre (n.) Any one of several dark-colored augitic, eruptive rocks allied to basalt.

Melograph (n.) Same as Melodiograph.

Mephitism (n.) Same as Mephitis, 1.

Mercaptan (n.) Any one of series of compounds, hydrosulphides of alcohol radicals, in composition resembling the alcohols, but containing sulphur in place of oxygen, and hence called also the sulphur alcohols. In general, they are colorless liquids having a strong, repulsive, garlic odor. The name is specifically applied to ethyl mercaptan, C2H5SH. So called from its avidity for mercury, and other metals.

Mesotheca (n.) The middle layer of the gonophore in the Hydrozoa.

Metabolia (n. pl.) A comprehensive group of insects, including those that undegro a metamorphosis.

Metabolic (a.) Of or pertaining to metamorphosis; pertaining to, or involving, change.

Metalloid (n.) Now, one of several elementary substances which in the free state are unlike metals, and whose compounds possess or produce acid, rather than basic, properties; a nonmetal; as, boron, carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, chlorine, bromine, etc., are metalloids.

Metanotum (n.) The dorsal portion of the metaphorax of insects.

Meteoroid (n.) A small body moving through space, or revolving about the sun, which on entering the earth's atmosphere would be deflagrated and appear as a meteor.

Methionic (a.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphonic (thionic) acid derivative of methane, obtained as a stable white crystal.

Methodist (n.) One of an ancient school of physicians who rejected observation and founded their practice on reasoning and theory.

Millerite (n.) A sulphide of nickel, commonly occurring in delicate capillary crystals, also in incrustations of a bronze yellow; -- sometimes called hair pyrites.

Monodelph (n.) Alt. of Monodelphian

Monodical (a.) For one voice; monophonic.

Monodical (a.) Homophonic; -- applied to music in which the melody is confined to one part, instead of being shared by all the parts as in the style called polyphonic.

Monograph (n.) A written account or description of a single thing, or class of things; a special treatise on a particular subject of limited range.

Monotropa (n.) A genus of parasitic or saprophytic plants including the Indian pipe and pine sap. The name alludes to the dropping end of the stem.

Morphosis (n.) The order or mode of development of an organ or part.

Morphotic (a.) Connected with, or becoming an integral part of, a living unit or of the morphological framework; as, morphotic, or tissue, proteids.

-morphous () A combining form denoting form, shape; as, isomorphous.

Mydatoxin (n.) A poisonous amido acid, C6H13NO2, separated by Brieger from decaying horseflesh. In physiological action, it is similar to curare.

Myography (n.) The description of muscles, including the study of muscular contraction by the aid of registering apparatus, as by some form of myograph; myology.

Myomorpha (n. pl.) An extensive group of rodents which includes the rats, mice, jerboas, and many allied forms.

Naphthene (n.) A peculiar hydrocarbon occuring as an ingredient of Caucasian petroleum.

Naphthide (n.) A compound of naphthalene or its radical with a metallic element; as, mercuric naphthide.

Naphthoic (a.) Pertaining to, derived from, or related to, naphthalene; -- used specifically to designate any one of a series of carboxyl derivatives, called naphthoic acids.

Narcotine (n.) An alkaloid found in opium, and extracted as a white crystal.

Navicular (a.) Shaped like a boat; cymbiform; scaphoid; as, the navicular glumes of most grasses; the navicular bone.

Necessity (n.) That which makes an act or an event unavoidable; irresistible force; overruling power; compulsion, physical or moral; fate; fatality.

Necessity (n.) The negation of freedom in voluntary action; the subjection of all phenomena, whether material or spiritual, to inevitable causation; necessitarianism.

Nectostem (n.) That portion of the axis which bears the nectocalyces in the Siphonophora.

Nemophily (n.) Fondness for forest scenery; love of the woods.

Neography (n.) A new method or system of writing.

Neologism (n.) A new word, phrase, or expression.

Neoterism (n.) An innovation or novelty; a neoteric word or phrase.

Neoterist (n.) One ho introduces new word/ or phrases.

Nephalism (n.) Total abstinence from spirituous liquor.

Nephalist (n.) One who advocates or practices nephalism.

Nepheline (n.) Alt. of Nephelite

Nephelite (n.) A mineral occuring at Vesuvius, in glassy agonal crystals; also elsewhere, in grayish or greenish masses having a greasy luster, as the variety elaeolite. It is a silicate of aluminia, soda, and potash.

Nephralgy (n.) Neuralgia of the kidneys; a disease characterized by pain in the region of the kidneys without any structural lesion of the latter.

Nephridia (pl. ) of Nephridium

Nephritic (a.) Alt. of Nephritical

Nephritic (n.) A medicine adapted to relieve or cure disease of the kidneys.

Nephritis (n.) An inflammation of the kidneys.

Nigrosine (n.) A dark blue dyestuff

Noctiluca (n.) That which shines at night; -- a fanciful name for phosphorus.

Noctiluca (n.) A genus of marine flagellate Infusoria, remarkable for their unusually large size and complex structure, as well as for their phosphorescence. The brilliant diffuse phosphorescence of the sea is often due to myriads of Noctilucae.

Nonillion (n.) According to the French and American notation, a thousand octillions, or a unit with thirty ciphers annexed; according to the English notation, a million octillions, or a unit with fifty-four ciphers annexed. See the Note under Numeration.

Nymphales (n. pl.) An extensive family of butterflies including the nymphs, the satyrs, the monarchs, the heliconias, and others; -- called also brush-footed butterflies.

Nymphical (a.) Of or pertaining to nymphs.

Nymphlike (a.) Alt. of Nymphly

Aerophone (n.) A form of combined speaking and ear trumpet.

Aerophone (n.) An instrument, proposed by Edison, for greatly intensifying speech. It consists of a phonograph diaphragm so arranged that its action opens and closes valves, producing synchronous air blasts sufficient to operate a larger diaphragm with greater amplitude of vibration.

Aliphatic (a.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, fat; fatty; -- applied to compounds having an openc-hain structure. The aliphatic compounds thus include not only the fatty acids and other derivatives of the paraffin hydrocarbons, but also unsaturated compounds, as the ethylene and acetylene series.

Alpenhorn (n.) Alt. of Alphorn

Anopheles (n.) A genus of mosquitoes which are secondary hosts of the malaria parasites, and whose bite is the usual, if not the only, means of infecting human beings with malaria. Several species are found in the United States. They may be distinguished from the ordinary mosquitoes of the genus Culex by the long slender palpi, nearly equaling the beak in length, while those of the female Culex are very short.

Autophagy (n.) The feeding of the body upon itself, as in fasting; nutrition by consumption of one's own tissues.

Barracuda (n.) Any of several voracious pikelike marine fishes allied to the gray mullets, constituting the genus Sphyraena and family Sphyraenidae. The great barracuda (S. barracuda) of the West Indies, Florida, etc., is often six feet or more long, and as dangerous as a shark. In Cuba its flesh is reputed to be poisonous. S. Argentea of the Pacific coast and S. sphyraena of Europe are smaller species, and are used as food.

Candlenut (n.) The fruit of a euphorbiaceous tree or shrub (Aleurites moluccana), native of some of the Pacific islands. It is used by the natives as a candle. The oil from the nut ( candlenut, / kekune, oil) has many uses.

Carbonite (n.) An explosive composed of nitrobenzene, saltpeter, sulphur, and kieselguhr.

Cartogram (n.) A map showing geographically, by shades or curves, statistics of various kinds; a statistical map.

Cephalism (n.) Form or development of the skull; as, the races of man differ greatly in cephalism.

Chromatin (n.) The deeply staining substance of the nucleus and chromosomes of cells, now supposed to be the physical basis of inheritance, and generally regarded as the same substance as the hypothetical idioplasm or germ plasm.

Chthonian (a.) Designating, or pertaining to, gods or spirits of the underworld; esp., relating to the underworld gods of the Greeks, whose worship is widely considered as more primitive in form than that of the Olympian gods. The characteristics of chthonian worship are propitiatory and magical rites and generalized or euphemistic names of the deities, which are supposed to have been primarily ghosts.

Collotype (n.) A photomechanical print made directly from a hardened film of gelatin or other colloid; also, the process of making such prints. According to one method, the film is sensitized with potassium dichromate and exposed to light under a reversed negative. After the dichromate has been washed out, the film is soaked in glycerin and water.

Cymograph (n.) An instrument for making tracings

Cymograph (n.) Var. of Kymograph.

Cymograph (v. t.) To trace or copy with a cymograph.

Cymometer (n.) an instrument for determining the frequency of electic wave oscillations, esp. in connection with wireless telegraphy.

Defective (n.) One who is lacking physically or mentally.

Developer (n.) A chemical bath or reagent used in developing photographs.

Eikonogen (n.) The sodium salt of a sulphonic acid of a naphthol, C10H5(OH)(NH2)SO3Na used as a developer.

Ergograph (n.) An instrument for measuring and recording the work done by a single muscle or set of muscles, the rate of fatigue, etc.

Esperanto (n.) An artificial language, intended to be universal, devised by Dr. Zamenhof, a Russian, who adopted the pseudonym "Dr. Esperanto" in publishing his first pamphlet regarding it in 1887. The vocabulary is very largely based upon words common to the chief European languages, and sounds peculiar to any one language are eliminated. The spelling is phonetic, and the accent (stress) is always on the penult.

Gongorism (n.) An affected elegance or euphuism of style, for which the Spanish poet Gongora y Argote (1561-1627), among others of his time, was noted.

Haphtarah (n.) One of the lessons from the Nebiim (or Prophets) read in the Jewish synagogue on Sabbaths, feast days, fasts, and the ninth of Ab, at the end of the service, after the parashoth, or lessons from the Law. Such a practice is evidenced in Luke iv.17 and Acts xiii.15.

Heliogram (n.) A message transmitted by a heliograph.

Lithotype (n.) A machine, with a keyboard like that of a typewriter, for making a lithographic transfer sheet. It produces a perforated strip of paper which controls the printing.

Lorettine (n.) One of an order of nuns founded in 1812 at Loretto, in Kentucky. The members of the order (called also Sisters of Loretto, or Friends of Mary at the Foot of the Cross) devote themselves to the cause of education and the care of destitute orphans, their labors being chiefly confined to the western United States.

Manograph (n.) An optical device for making an indicator diagram for high-speed engines. It consists of a light-tight box or camera having at one end a small convex mirror which reflects a beam of light on to the ground glass or photographic plate at the other end. The mirror is pivoted so that it can be moved in one direction by a small plunger operated by an elastic metal diaphragm which closes a tube connected with the engine cylinder.

Marconism (n.) The theory or practice of Marconi's wireless telegraph system.

Motograph (n.) A device utilized in the making of a loud-speaking telephone, depending on the fact that the friction between a metallic point and a moving cylinder of moistened chalk, or a moving slip of paper, on which it rests is diminished by the passage of a current between the point and the moving surface.

Mutoscope (n.) A simple form of moving-picture machine in which the series of views, exhibiting the successive phases of a scene, are printed on paper and mounted around the periphery of a wheel. The rotation of the wheel brings them rapidly into sight, one after another, and the blended effect gives a semblance of motion.

Myxophyta (n. pl.) A phylum of the vegetable kingdom consisting of the class Myxomycetes. By some botanists it is not separated from the Thallophyta.

Ondograph (n.) An instrument for autographically recording the wave forms of varying currents, esp. rapidly varying alternating currents.

Osmograph (n.) An instrument for recording the height of the liquid in an endosmometer or for registering osmotic pressures.

Pedograph (n.) An instrument carried by a pedestrian for automatically making a topographical record of the ground covered during a journey.

Phenalgin (n.) An ammoniated compound of phenyl and acetamide, used as an analgesic and antipyretic. It resembles phenacetin in its therapeutic action.

Phenology (n.) The science of the relations between climate and periodic biological phenomena, as the migrations and breeding of birds, the flowering and fruiting of plants, etc.

Phosphine (n.) Chrysaniline, often in the form of a salt.

Phototaxy (n.) The influence of light on the movements of low organisms, as various infusorians, the zoospores of certain algae, etc.; also, the tendency to follow definite directions of motion or assume definite positions under such influence. If the migration is toward the source of light, it is termed positive phototaxis; if away from the light, negative phototaxis.

Ping-pong (n.) A size of photograph a little larger than a postage stamp.

Polyphase (a.) Having or producing two or more phases; multiphase; as, a polyphase machine

Polyphote (a.) Pertaining to or designating arc lamps so constructed that more than one can be used on a single circuit.

Projector (n.) An optical instrument for projecting a picture upon a screen, as by a magic lantern or by an instrument for projecting (by reflection instead of transmission of light) a picture of an opaque object, as photographs, picture post-cards, insects, etc., in the colors of the object itself. In this latter form the projection is accomplished by means of a combination of lenses with a prism and a mirror or reflector.

Pyrograph (n.) A production of pyrography.

Resonance (n.) An electric phenomenon corresponding to that of acoustic resonance, due to the existance of certain relations of the capacity, inductance, resistance, and frequency of an alternating circuit.

Rotograph (n.) A photograph printed by a process in which a strip or roll of sensitized paper is automatically fed over the negative so that a series of prints are made, and are then developed, fixed, cut apart, and washed at a very rapid rate.

Rudbeckia (n.) A genus of composite plants, the coneflowers, consisting of perennial herbs with showy pedunculate heads, having a hemispherical involucre, sterile ray flowers, and a conical chaffy receptacle. There are about thirty species, exclusively North American. Rudbeckia hirta, the black-eyed Susan, is a common weed in meadows.

Sephardic (a.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, the Jews (the Sephardim, also called Spanish or Portuguese Jews) descended from Jewish families driven from Spain by the Inquisition.

Sephardim (n. pl.) Jews who are descendants of the former Jews of Spain and Portugal. They are as a rule darker than the northern Jews, and have more delicate features.

Serigraph (n.) An autographic device to test the strength of raw silk.

Skiagraph (n.) Alt. of Skiagraphy

Snap shot () An instantaneous photograph made, usually with a hand camera, without formal posing of, and often without the foreknowledge of, the subject.

Sylvanite (n.) A telluride of gold and silver, (Au, Ag)Te2, of a steel gray, silver white, or brass yellow. It often occurs in implanted crystals resembling written characters, and hence is called graphic tellurium. H., 1.5-2. Sp.gr., 7.9-8.3.

Symbiosis (n.) The living together in more or less imitative association or even close union of two dissimilar organisms. In a broad sense the term includes parasitism, or antagonistic, / antipathetic, symbiosis, in which the association is disadvantageous or destructive to one of the organisms, but ordinarily it is used of cases where the association is advantageous, or often necessary, to one or both, and not harmful to either.

Syntonize (v. t.) To adjust or devise so as to emit or respond to electric oscillations of a certain wave length; to tune; specif., to put (two or more instruments or systems of wireless telegraphy) in syntony with each other.

Telemeter (n.) An apparatus for recording at a distant station the indications of physical instruments such as the thermometer, galvanometer, etc.

Telenergy (n.) Display of force or energy at a distance, or without contact; -- applied to mediumistic phenomena.

Telephote (n.) A telelectric apparatus for producing images of visible objects at a distance.

Telephoto (a.) Telephotographic; specif., designating a lens consisting of a combination of lenses specially designed to give a large image of a distant object in a camera of relatively short focal length.

Topophone (n.) A double ear trumpet for estimating the direction from which sounds proceed, esp. for the use of navigators.

Tripitaka (n.) The three divisions, or "baskets" (pitakas), of buddhist scriptures, -- the Vinayapitaka [Skr. Vinayapi/aka] , or Basket of Discipline; Suttapitaka [Pali] , or Basket of Discourses; and Abhidhammapitaka [Pali] , or Basket of Metaphysics.

Typograph (n.) A machine for setting type or for casting lines of type and setting them.

Vignetter (n.) A device used by photographers in printing vignettes, consisting of a screen of paper or glass with a central aperture the edges of which become opaque by intensible gradations.

Objectist (n.) One who adheres to, or is skilled in, the objective philosophy.

Observant (n.) A sycophantic servant.

Occultism (n.) A certain Oriental system of theosophy.

Octillion (n.) According to the French method of numeration (which method is followed also in the United States) the number expressed by a unit with twenty-seven ciphers annexed. According to the English method, the number expressed by a unit with forty-eight ciphers annexed. See Numeration.

Oleograph (n.) The form or figure assumed by a drop of oil when placed upon water or some other liquid with which it does not mix.

Oleograph (n.) A picture produced in oils by a process analogous to that of lithographic printing.

Olfaction (n.) The sense by which the impressions made on the olfactory organs by the odorous particles in the atmosphere are perceived.

Omnigraph (n.) A pantograph.

Omophagic (a.) Eating raw flesh; using uncooked meat as food; as, omophagic feasts, rites.

Omphacine (a.) Of, pertaining to, or expressed from, unripe fruit; as, omphacine oil.

Omphalode (n.) The central part of the hilum of a seed, through which the nutrient vessels pass into the rhaphe or the chalaza; -- called also omphalodium.

Oncograph (n.) An instrument for registering the changes observable with an oncometer.

Oophorida (pl. ) of Oophoridium

Operation (n.) The act or process of operating; agency; the exertion of power, physical, mechanical, or moral.

Operative (a.) Having the power of acting; hence, exerting force, physical or moral; active in the production of effects; as, an operative motive.

Operculum (n.) The fold of integument, usually supported by bony plates, which protects the gills of most fishes and some amphibians; the gill cover; the gill lid.

Ophidioid (a.) Of or pertaining to the Ophidiidae, a family of fishes which includes many slender species.

Ophidioid (n.) One of the Ophidiidae.

Ophidious (a.) Ophidian.

Ophiology (n.) That part of natural history which treats of the ophidians, or serpents.

Ophiuchus (n.) A constellation in the Northern Hemisphere, delineated as a man holding a serpent in his hands; -- called also Serpentarius.

Ophiurida (n. pl.) Same as Ophiurioidea.

Ophthalmy (n.) Same as Ophthalmia.

Opodeldoc (n.) A saponaceous, camphorated liniment; a solution of soap in alcohol, with the addition of camphor and essential oils; soap liniment.

Optigraph (a.) A telescope with a diagonal eyepiece, suspended vertically in gimbals by the object end beneath a fixed diagonal plane mirror. It is used for delineating landscapes, by means of a pencil at the eye end which leaves the delineation on paper.

Orbicular (a.) Resembling or having the form of an orb; spherical; circular; orbiculate.

Orchestra (n.) Strictly: A band suitable for the performance of symphonies, overtures, etc., as well as for the accompaniment of operas, oratorios, cantatas, masses, and the like, or of vocal and instrumental solos.

Organogen (n.) A name given to any one of the four elements, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, which are especially characteristic ingredients of organic compounds; also, by extension, to other elements sometimes found in the same connection; as sulphur, phosphorus, etc.

Orography (n.) That branch of science which treats of mountains and mountain systems; orology; as, the orography of Western Europe.

Orphaline (n.) See Orpheline.

Orphaning (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Orphan

Orphanage (n.) The state of being an orphan; orphanhood; orphans, collectively.

Orphanage (n.) An institution or asylum for the care of orphans.

Orphanism (n.) Orphanhood.

Orpharion (n.) An old instrument of the lute or cittern kind.

Orpheline (n.) An orphan.

Osphradia (pl. ) of Osphradium

Osteolite (n.) A massive impure apatite, or calcium phosphate.

Otography (n.) A description of the ear.

Ourselves (pron.) ; sing. Ourself (/). An emphasized form of the pronoun of the first person plural; -- used as a subject, usually with we; also, alone in the predicate, in the nominative or the objective case.

Oxanilide (n.) a white crystal.

Oxyphenic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, the phenol formerly called oxyphenic acid, and now oxyphenol and pyrocatechin. See Pyrocatechin.

Oxyphenol (n.) A phenol, /////, produced by the distillation of catechin; called also oxyphenic acid, and now pyrocatechin.

Papilloma (n.) A tumor formed by hypertrophy of the papillae of the skin or mucous membrane, as a corn or a wart.

Parablast (n.) A portion of the mesoblast (of peripheral origin) of the developing embryo, the cells of which are especially concerned in forming the first blood and blood vessels.

Parachute (n.) A web or fold of skin which extends between the legs of certain mammals, as the flying squirrels, colugo, and phalangister.

Paragraph (n.) Originally, a marginal mark or note, set in the margin to call attention to something in the text, e. g., a change of subject; now, the character /, commonly used in the text as a reference mark to a footnote, or to indicate the place of a division into sections.

Paragraph (n.) A distinct part of a discourse or writing; any section or subdivision of a writing or chapter which relates to a particular point, whether consisting of one or many sentences. The division is sometimes noted by the mark /, but usually, by beginning the first sentence of the paragraph on a new Paragraph (n.) A brief composition complete in one typographical section or paragraph; an item, remark, or quotation comprised in a few lines forming one paragraph; as, a column of news paragraphs; an editorial paragraph.

Paragraph (v. t.) To divide into paragraphs; to mark with the character /.

Paragraph (v. t.) To express in the compass of a paragraph; as, to paragraph an article.

Paragraph (v. t.) To mention in a paragraph or paragraphs

Paragrele (n.) A lightning conductor erected, as in a vineyard, for drawing off the electricity in the atmosphere in order to prevent hailstorms.

Parameter (n.) The ratio of the three crystallographic axes which determines the position of any plane; also, the fundamental axial ratio for a given species.

Paramorph (n.) A kind of pseudomorph, in which there has been a change of physical characters without alteration of chemical composition, as the change of aragonite to calcite.

Paranymph (n.) A friend of the bridegroom who went with him in his chariot to fetch home the bride.

Paranymph (n.) The bridesmaid who conducted the bride to the bridegroom.

Paranymph (n.) An ally; a supporter or abettor.

Paraphing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Paraph

Paregoric (n.) A medicine that mitigates pain; an anodyne; specifically, camphorated tincture of opium; -- called also paregoric elexir.

Pargasite (n.) A dark green aluminous variety of amphibole, or hornblende.

Paulownia (n.) A genus of trees of the order Scrophulariaceae, consisting of one species, Paulownia imperialis.

Pedicular (a.) Of or pertaining to lice; having the lousy distemper (phthiriasis); lousy.

Pedipalpi (n pl.) A division of Arachnida, including the whip scorpions (Thelyphonus) and allied forms. Sometimes used in a wider sense to include also the true scorpions.

Pegmatite (n.) Graphic granite. See under Granite.

Pemphigus (n.) A somewhat rare skin disease, characterized by the development of blebs upon different part of the body.

Pentagram (n.) A pentacle or a pentalpha.

Pentalpha (n.) A five-pointed star, resembling five alphas joined at their bases; -- used as a symbol.

Pentoxide (n.) An oxide containing five atoms of oxygen in each molecule; as, phosphorus pentoxide, P2O5.

Perigraph (n.) A careless or inaccurate delineation of anything.

Perilymph (n.) The fluid which surrounds the membranous labyrinth of the internal ear, and separates it from the walls of the chambers in which the labyrinth lies.

Perimorph (n.) A crystal of one species inclosing one of another species. See Endomorph.

Periphery (n.) The outside or superficial portions of a body; the surface.

Periphery (n.) The circumference of a circle, ellipse, or other figure.

Phalangal (a.) Of or pertaining to the phalanges. See Phalanx, 2.

Phalanger (n.) Any marsupial belonging to Phalangista, Cuscus, Petaurus, and other genera of the family Phalangistidae. They are arboreal, and the species of Petaurus are furnished with lateral parachutes. See Flying phalanger, under Flying.

Phantasma (n.) A phantasm.

pharynges (pl. ) of Pharynx

Phaseless (a.) Without a phase, or visible form.

Phenicine (n.) A purple powder precipitated when a sulphuric solution of indigo is diluted with water.

Phenicine (n.) A coloring matter produced by the action of a mixture of strong nitric and sulphuric acids on phenylic alcohol.

Phenolate (n.) A compound of phenol analogous to a salt.

Phenylene (n.) A hypothetic radical (C6H4) occurring in certain derivatives of benzene; as, phenylene diamine.

Philander (n.) A South American opossum (Didelphys philander).

Philology (n.) The study of language, especially in a philosophical manner and as a science; the investigation of the laws of human speech, the relation of different tongues to one another, and historical development of languages; linguistic science.

Philomela (n.) The nightingale; philomel.

Phlogotic (n.) Of or pertaining to phlogisis.

Phloretic (a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, or designating, an organic acid obtained by the decomposition of phloretin.

Phloretin (n.) A bitter white crystal.

Phonetics (n.) The doctrine or science of sounds; especially those of the human voice; phonology.

Phonetist (n.) One versed in phonetics; a phonologist.

Phonetist (n.) One who advocates a phonetic spelling.

Phonetize (v. t.) To represent by phonetic signs.

Phonogram (n.) A record of sounds made by a phonograph.

Phonolite (n.) A compact, feldspathic, igneous rock containing nephelite, hauynite, etc. Thin slabs give a ringing sound when struck; -- called also clinkstone.

Phonology (n.) The science or doctrine of the elementary sounds uttered by the human voice in speech, including the various distinctions, modifications, and combinations of tones; phonetics. Also, a treatise on sounds.

Phonotypr (n.) A type or character used in phonotypy.

Phonotypy (n.) A method of phonetic printing of the English language, as devised by Mr. Pitman, in which nearly all the ordinary letters and many new forms are employed in order to indicate each elementary sound by a separate character.

Phosphate (n.) A salt of phosphoric acid.

Phosphene (n.) A luminous impression produced through excitation of the retina by some cause other than the impingement upon it of rays of light, as by pressure upon the eyeball when the lids are closed. Cf. After-image.

Phosphide (n.) A binary compound of phosphorus.

Phosphine (n.) A colorless gas, PH3, analogous to ammonia, and having a disagreeable odor resembling that of garlic. Called also hydrogen phosphide, and formerly, phosphureted hydrogen.

Phosphite (n.) A salt of phosphorous acid.

Phosphori (pl. ) of Phosphorus

Photogene (n.) A photograph.

Photogeny (n.) See Photography.

Photogram (n.) A photograph.

Photology (n.) The doctrine or science of light, explaining its nature and phenomena; optics.

Photopsia (n.) An affection of the eye, in which the patient perceives luminous rays, flashes, coruscations, etc. See phosphene.

Phototype (n.) A plate or block with a printing surface (usually in relief) obtained from a photograph; also, any one of the many methods of processes by which such a printing surface is obtained.

Phototypy (n.) The art or process of producing phototypes.

Phrenetic (n.) One who is phrenetic.

Phrenitis (n.) Inflammation of the brain, or of the meninges of the brain, attended with acute fever and delirium; -- called also cephalitis.

Phthalate (n.) A salt of phthalic acid.

Phthalein (n.) One of a series of artificial organic dyes made as condensation products of the phenols with phthalic acid, and well represented by phenol phthalein.

Phthalide (n.) A lactone obtained by reduction of phthalyl chloride, as a white crystal.

Phylacter (n.) A phylactery.

Phylarchy (n.) The office of a phylarch; government of a class or tribe.

Phylogeny (n.) The history of genealogical development; the race history of an animal or vegetable type; the historic exolution of the phylon or tribe, in distinction from ontogeny, or the development of the individual organism, and from biogenesis, or life development generally.

Physaliae (n. pl.) An order of Siphonophora which includes Physalia.

Physician (n.) A person skilled in physic, or the art of healing; one duty authorized to prescribe remedies for, and treat, diseases; a doctor of medicine.

Physician (n.) Hence, figuratively, one who ministers to moral diseases; as, a physician of the soul.

Physicism (n.) The tendency of the mind toward, or its preoccupation with, physical phenomena; materialism in philosophy and religion.

Physicist (n.) One versed in physics.

Physicist (n.) A believer in the theory that the fundamental phenomena of life are to be explained upon purely chemical and physical principles; -- opposed to vitalist.

Phytozoon (n.) A plantlike animal. The term is sometimes applied to zoophytes.

Pisophalt (n.) Pissasphalt.

Pituitary (a.) Secreting mucus or phlegm; as, the pituitary membrane, or the mucous membrane which lines the nasal cavities.

Platonism (n.) The doctrines or philosophy by Plato or of his followers.

Platonism (n.) An elevated rational and ethical conception of the laws and forces of the universe; sometimes, imaginative or fantastic philosophical notions.

Platonist (n.) One who adheres to the philosophy of Plato; a follower of Plato.

Platonize (v. t.) To explain by, or accomodate to, the Platonic philosophy.

Plethoric (a.) Haeving a full habit of body; characterized by plethora or excess of blood; as, a plethoric constitution; -- used also metaphorically.

Plotinist (n.) A disciple of Plotinus, a celebrated Platonic philosopher of the third century, who taught that the human soul emanates from the divine Being, to whom it reunited at death.

Podoscaph (n.) A canoe-shaped float attached to the foot, for walking on water.

Polybasic (a.) Capable of neutralizing, or of combining with, several molecules of a monacid base; having several hydrogen atoms capable of being replaced by basic radicals; -- said of certain acids; as, sulphuric acid is polybasic.

Polygamia (n. pl.) A Linnaean class of plants, characterized by having both hermaphrodite and unisexual flowers on the same plant.

Polygraph (n.) An instrument for multiplying copies of a writing; a manifold writer; a copying machine.

Polygraph (n.) In bibliography, a collection of different works, either by one or several authors.

Polygraph (n.) An instrument for detecting deceptive statements by a subject, by measuring several physiological states of the subject, such as pulse, heartbeat, and sweating. The instrument records these parameters on a strip of paper while the subject is asked questions designed to elicit emotional responses when the subject tries to deceive the interrogator. Also called lie detector

Polymorph (n.) A substance capable of crystallizing in several distinct forms; also, any one of these forms. Cf. Allomorph.

Polyphagy (n.) The practice or faculty of subsisting on many kinds of food.

Polyphone (n.) A character or vocal sign representing more than one sound, as read, which is pronounced red.

Polyphony (n.) Multiplicity of sounds, as in the reverberations of an echo.

Polyphony (n.) Plurality of sounds and articulations expressed by the same vocal sign.

Polyphony (n.) Composition in mutually related, equally important parts which share the melody among them; contrapuntal composition; -- opposed to homophony, in which the melody is given to one part only, the others filling out the harmony. See Counterpoint.

Polyphore (n.) A receptacle which bears many ovaries.

Pompholyx (n.) Impure zinc oxide.

Pompholyx (n.) A skin disease in which there is an eruption of bullae, without inflammation or fever.

Ponderous (a.) Very heavy; weighty; as, a ponderous shield; a ponderous load; the ponderous elephant.

Porporino (n.) A composition of quicksilver, tin, and sulphur, forming a yellow powder, sometimes used by mediaeval artists, for the sake of economy, instead of gold.

Portative (a.) Capable of holding up or carrying; as, the portative force of a magnet, of atmospheric pressure, or of capillarity.

Potassium (n.) An Alkali element, occurring abundantly but always combined, as in the chloride, sulphate, carbonate, or silicate, in the minerals sylvite, kainite, orthoclase, muscovite, etc. Atomic weight 39.0. Symbol K (Kalium).

Prelatize (v. i.) To uphold or encourage prelacy; to exercise prelatical functions.

Preterist (n.) One who believes the prophecies of the Apocalypse to have been already fulfilled.

Privative (a.) Implying privation or negation; giving a negative force to a word; as, alpha privative; privative particles; -- applied to such prefixes and suffixes as a- (Gr. /), un-, non-, -less.

Profanity (n.) The quality or state of being profane; profaneness; irreverence; esp., the use of profane language; blasphemy.

Prognosis (n.) The act or art of foretelling the course and termination of a disease; also, the outlook afforded by this act of judgment; as, the prognosis of hydrophobia is bad.

Prophasis (n.) Foreknowledge of a disease; prognosis.

Prophetic (a.) Alt. of Prophetical

Prophoric (a.) Enunciative.

Prosiphon (n.) A minute tube found in the protoconch of ammonites, and not connected with the true siphon.

Proteidea (n. pl.) An order of aquatic amphibians having prominent external gills and four legs. It includes Proteus and Menobranchus (Necturus). Called also Proteoidea, and Proteida.

Proustite (n.) A sulphide of arsenic and silver of a beautiful cochineal-red color, occurring in rhombohedral crystals, and also massive; ruby silver.

Psychical (a.) Of or pertaining to the mind, or its functions and diseases; mental; -- contrasted with physical.

Pterygoid (a.) Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the pterygoid bones, pterygoid processes, or the whole sphenoid bone.

Ptolemaic (a.) Of or pertaining to Ptolemy, the geographer and astronomer.

Pulmonata (n. pl.) An extensive division, or sub-class, of hermaphrodite gastropods, in which the mantle cavity is modified into an air-breathing organ, as in Helix, or land snails, Limax, or garden slugs, and many pond snails, as Limnaea and Planorbis.

Pylangium (n.) The first and undivided part of the aortic trunk in the amphibian heart.

Pyrethrin (n.) A substance resembling, and isomeric with, ordinary camphor, and extracted from the essential oil of feverfew; -- called also Pyrethrum camphor.

Pyrophane (n.) A mineral which is opaque in its natural state, but is said to change its color and become transparent by heat.

Pyrophone (n.) A musical instrument in which the tones are produced by flames of hydrogen, or illuminating gas, burning in tubes of different sizes and lengths.

Pythoness (n.) The priestess who gave oracular answers at Delphi in Greece.

Pythonism (n.) The art of predicting events after the manner of the priestess of Apollo at Delphi; equivocal prophesying.

Quartzite (n.) Massive quartz occurring as a rock; a metamorphosed sandstone; -- called also quartz rock.

Queenfish (n.) A California sciaenoid food fish (Seriphys politus). The back is bluish, and the sides and belly bright silvery. Called also kingfish.

Rabbinism (n.) A rabbinic expression or phraseology; a peculiarity of the language of the rabbins.

Rationale (a.) An explanation or exposition of the principles of some opinion, action, hypothesis, phenomenon, or the like; also, the principles themselves.

Recording (a.) Keeping a record or a register; as, a recording secretary; -- applied to numerous instruments with an automatic appliance which makes a record of their action; as, a recording gauge or telegraph.

Repulsion (n.) The power, either inherent or due to some physical action, by which bodies, or the particles of bodies, are made to recede from each other, or to resist each other's nearer approach; as, molecular repulsion; electrical repulsion.

Restraint (n.) The act or process of restraining, or of holding back or hindering from motion or action, in any manner; hindrance of the will, or of any action, physical or mental.

Rhaphides (n. pl.) Minute transparent, often needle-shaped, crystals found in the tissues of plants.

Rheophore (n.) A connecting wire of an electric or voltaic apparatus, traversed by a current.

Rheophore (n.) One of the poles of a voltaic battery; an electrode.

Rhodanate (n.) A salt of rhodanic acid; a sulphocyanate.

Rhopalium (n.) One of the marginal sensory bodies of medusae belonging to the Discophora.

Riflebird (n.) Any one of several species of beautiful birds of Australia and New Guinea, of the genera Ptiloris and Craspidophora, allied to the paradise birds.

Roccellin (n.) A red dyestuff, used as a substitute for cochineal, archil, etc. It consists of the sodium salt of a complex azo derivative of naphtol.

Rotundity (n.) The state or quality of being rotu/; roundness; sphericity; circularity.

Saccharic (a.) Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, saccharine substances; specifically, designating an acid obtained, as a white amorphous gummy mass, by the oxidation of mannite, glucose, sucrose, etc.

Salicylic (a.) Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an acid formerly obtained by fusing salicin with potassium hydroxide, and now made in large quantities from phenol (carbolic acid) by the action of carbon dioxide on heated sodium phenolate. It is a white crystal.

Saligenin (n.) A phenol alcohol obtained, by the decomposition of salicin, as a white crystal.

Saliretin (n.) A yellow amorphous resinoid substance obtained by the action of dilute acids on saligenin.

Saltpetre (n.) Potassium nitrate; niter; a white crystal.

Saphenous (a.) Manifest; -- applied to the two principal superficial veins of the lower limb of man.

Saphenous (a.) Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the saphenous veins; as, the saphenous nerves; the saphenous opening, an opening in the broad fascia of the thigh through which the internal saphenous vein passes.

Sassarara (n.) A word used to emphasize a statement.

Saturnian (n.) Any one of numerous species of large handsome moths belonging to Saturnia and allied genera. The luna moth, polyphemus, and promethea, are examples. They belong to the Silkworn family, and some are raised for their silk. See Polyphemus.

Sauba ant () A South American ant (Oecodoma cephalotes) remarkable for having two large kinds of workers besides the ordinary ones, and for the immense size of its formicaries. The sauba ant cuts off leaves of plants and carries them into its subterranean nests, and thus often does great damage by defoliating trees and cultivated plants.

Saxophone (n.) A wind instrument of brass, containing a reed, and partaking of the qualities both of a brass instrument and of a clarinet.

Scaphopda (n. pl.) A class of marine cephalate Mollusca having a tubular shell open at both ends, a pointed or spadelike foot for burrowing, and many long, slender, prehensile oral tentacles. It includes Dentalium, or the tooth shells, and other similar shells. Called also Prosopocephala, and Solenoconcha.

Sciagraph (n.) An old term for a vertical section of a building; -- called also sciagraphy. See Vertical section, under Section.

Sciagraph (n.) A radiograph.

Scopeloid (a.) Like or pertaining to fishes of the genus Scopelus, or family Scopelodae, which includes many small oceanic fishes, most of which are phosphorescent.

Secondary (a.) Dependent or consequent upon another disease; as, Bright's disease is often secondary to scarlet fever. (b) Occuring in the second stage of a disease; as, the secondary symptoms of syphilis.

Sectarian (n.) One of a sect; a member or adherent of a special school, denomination, or religious or philosophical party; one of a party in religion which has separated itself from established church, or which holds tenets different from those of the prevailing denomination in a state.

Semaphore (n.) A signal telegraph; an apparatus for giving signals by the disposition of lanterns, flags, oscillating arms, etc.

Seminymph (n.) The pupa of insects which undergo only a slight change in passing to the imago state.

Seraphina (n.) A seraphine.

Seraphine (n.) A wind instrument whose sounding parts are reeds, consisting of a thin tongue of brass playing freely through a slot in a plate. It has a case, like a piano, and is played by means of a similar keybord, the bellows being worked by the foot. The melodeon is a portable variety of this instrument.

Sheephook (n.) A hook fastened to pole, by which shepherds lay hold on the legs or necks of their sheep; a shepherd's crook.

Shipboard (n.) A ship's side; hence, by extension, a ship; -- found chiefly in adverbial phrases; as, on shipboard; a shipboard.

Shorthand (n.) A compendious and rapid method or writing by substituting characters, abbreviations, or symbols, for letters, words, etc.; short writing; stenography. See Illust. under Phonography.

Showbread (n.) Bread of exhibition; loaves to set before God; -- the term used in translating the various phrases used in the Hebrew and Greek to designate the loaves of bread which the priest of the week placed before the Lord on the golden table in the sanctuary. They were made of fine flour unleavened, and were changed every Sabbath. The loaves, twelve in number, represented the twelve tribes of Israel. They were to be eaten by the priests only, and in the Holy Place.

Signature (v. t.) Especially, the name of any person, written with his own hand, employed to signify that the writing which precedes accords with his wishes or intentions; a sign manual; an autograph.

Signature (v. t.) A resemblance between the external characters of a disease and those of some physical agent, for instance, that existing between the red skin of scarlet fever and a red cloth; -- supposed to indicate this agent in the treatment of the disease.

Signature (v. t.) A letter or figure placed at the bottom of the first page of each sheet of a book or pamphlet, as a direction to the binder in arranging and folding the sheets.

Sinistrin (n.) A mucilaginous carbohydrate, resembling achroodextrin, extracted from squill as a colorless amorphous substance; -- so called because it is levorotatory.

Siphonage (n.) The action of a siphon.

Siphonata (n. pl.) A tribe of bivalve mollusks in which the posterior mantle border is prolonged into two tubes or siphons. Called also Siphoniata. See Siphon, 2 (a), and Quahaug.

Siphonate (a.) Having a siphon or siphons.

Siphonate (a.) Belonging to the Siphonata.

Siphonium (n.) A bony tube which, in some birds, connects the tympanium with the air chambers of the articular piece of the mandible.

Siphuncle (n.) The tube which runs through the partitions of chambered cephalopod shells.

Sisyphean (a.) Relating to Sisyphus; incessantly recurring; as, Sisyphean labors.

Slavophil (n.) Alt. of Slavophile

Snakewood (n.) An East Indian climbing shrub (Ophioxylon serpentinum) which has the roots and stems twisted so as to resemble serpents.

Snaphance (n.) A spring lock for discharging a firearm; also, the firearm to which it is attached.

Snaphance (n.) A trifling or second-rate thing or person.

Snowberry (n.) A name of several shrubs with white berries; as, the Symphoricarpus racemosus of the Northern United States, and the Chiococca racemosa of Florida and tropical America.

Sociology (n.) That branch of philosophy which treats of the constitution, phenomena, and development of human society; social science.

Socratism (n.) The philosophy or the method of Socrates.

Solfatara (n.) A volcanic area or vent which yields only sulphur vapors, steam, and the like. It represents the stages of the volcanic activity.

Solitaire (n.) A large extinct bird (Pezophaps solitaria) which formerly inhabited the islands of Mauritius and Rodrigeuz. It was larger and taller than the wild turkey. Its wings were too small for flight. Called also solitary.

Sophister (n.) A sophist. See Sophist.

Sophister (n.) A student who is advanced beyond the first year of his residence.

Sophister (v. t.) To maintain by sophistry, or by a fallacious argument.

Sophistic (a.) Alt. of Sophistical

Sophistry (n.) The art or process of reasoning; logic.

Sophistry (n.) The practice of a sophist; fallacious reasoning; reasoning sound in appearance only.

Sophomore (n.) One belonging to the second of the four classes in an American college, or one next above a freshman.

Sovereign (n.) Any butterfly of the tribe Nymphalidi, or genus Basilarchia, as the ursula and the viceroy.

Spadefoot (n.) Any species of burrowing toads of the genus Scaphiopus, esp. S. Holbrookii, of the Eastern United States; -- called also spade toad.

Sphacelus (n.) Gangrenous part; gangrene; slough.

Sphagnous (a.) Pertaining to moss of the genus Sphagnum, or bog moss; abounding in peat or bog moss.

Sphenodon (n.) Same as Hatteria.

Sphenotic (a.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, the sphenotic bone.

Sphenotic (n.) The sphenotic bone.

Spherical (a.) Alt. of Spheric

Sphericle (n.) A small sphere.

Sphincter (n.) A muscle which surrounds, and by its contraction tends to close, a natural opening; as, the sphincter of the bladder.

Sphincter (a.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sphincter; as, a sphincter muscle.

Sphragide (n.) Lemnian earth.

Spinozism (n.) The form of Pantheism taught by Benedict Spinoza, that there is but one substance, or infinite essence, in the universe, of which the so-called material and spiritual beings and phenomena are only modes, and that one this one substance is God.

Spoonworm (n.) A gephyrean worm of the genus Thalassema, having a spoonlike probiscis.

Squawroot (n.) A scaly parasitic plant (Conopholis Americana) found in oak woods in the United States; -- called also cancer root.

Starstone (n.) Asteriated sapphire.

Strangles (n.) A disease in horses and swine, in which the upper part of the throat, or groups of lymphatic glands elsewhere, swells.

Stryphnic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, a complex nitrogenous acid, obtained by the action of acetic acid and potassium nitrite on uric acid, as a yellow crystal.

Styphnate (n.) A salt of styphnic acid.

Styrolene (n.) An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C8H8, obtained by the distillation of storax, by the decomposition of cinnamic acid, and by the condensation of acetylene, as a fragrant, aromatic, mobile liquid; -- called also phenyl ethylene, vinyl benzene, styrol, styrene, and cinnamene.

Sublimate (v. t.) To bring by heat into the state of vapor, which, on cooling, returns again to the solid state; as, to sublimate sulphur or camphor.

Substance (n.) That which underlies all outward manifestations; substratum; the permanent subject or cause of phenomena, whether material or spiritual; that in which properties inhere; that which is real, in distinction from that which is apparent; the abiding part of any existence, in distinction from any accident; that which constitutes anything what it is; real or existing essence.

Sudorific (n.) A sudorific medicine. Cf. Diaphoretic.

Sulphacid (n.) An acid in which, to a greater or less extent, sulphur plays a part analogous to that of oxygen in an oxyacid; thus, thiosulphuric and sulpharsenic acids are sulphacids; -- called also sulphoacid. See the Note under Acid, n., 2.

Sulphamic (a.) Of or pertaining to a sulphamide; derived from, or related to, a sulphamide; specifically, designating an amido acid derivative, NH2.SO2.OH, of sulphuric acid (analogous to sulphonic acid) which is not known in the free state, but is known in its salts.

Sulphatic (a.) Of, pertaining to, resembling, or containing, a sulphate or sulphates.

Sulphato- () A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting a sulphate as an ingredient in certain double salts; as, sulphato-carbonate.

Sulphinic (a.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, any one of a series of acids regarded as acid ethereal salts of hyposulphurous acid; as, methyl sulphinic acid, CH3.SO.OH, a thick unstable liquid.

Sulphonal (n.) A substance employed as a hypnotic, produced by the union of mercaptan and acetone.

Sulphonic (a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, a sulphone; -- used specifically to designate any one of a series of acids (regarded as acid ethereal salts of sulphurous acid) obtained by the oxidation of the mercaptans, or by treating sulphuric acid with certain aromatic bases (as benzene); as, phenyl sulphonic acid, C6H5.SO2.OH, a stable colorless crystal.

Sulphuret (n.) A sulphide; as, a sulphuret of potassium.

Sulphuric (a.) Of or pertaining to sulphur; as, a sulphuric smell.

Sulphuric (a.) Derived from, or containing, sulphur; specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a higher valence as contrasted with the sulphurous compounds; as, sulphuric acid.

Sulphuryl (n.) The hypothetical radical SO2; -- called also sulphon.

Sunstroke (n.) Any affection produced by the action of the sun on some part of the body; especially, a sudden prostration of the physical powers, with symptoms resembling those of apoplexy, occasioned by exposure to excessive heat, and often terminating fatally; coup de soleil.

Sweetwood (n.) The timber of the tree Oreodaphne Leucoxylon, growing in Jamaica. The name is also applied to the timber of several other related trees.

Swordfish (n.) A very large oceanic fish (Xiphias gladius), the only representative of the family Xiphiidae. It is highly valued as a food fish. The bones of the upper jaw are consolidated, and form a long, rigid, swordlike beak; the dorsal fin is high and without distinct spines; the ventral fins are absent. The adult is destitute of teeth. It becomes sixteen feet or more long.

Swordtail (n.) Any hemipterous insect of the genus Uroxiphus, found upon forest trees.

Sycophant (n.) An informer; a talebearer.

Sycophant (n.) A base parasite; a mean or servile flatterer; especially, a flatterer of princes and great men.

Sycophant (v. t.) To inform against; hence, to calumniate.

Sycophant (v. t.) To play the sycophant toward; to flatter obsequiously.

Sycophant (v. i.) To play the sycophant.

Syllabism (n.) The expressing of the sounds of a language by syllables, rather than by an alphabet or by signs for words.

Syllepsis (n.) A figure of speech by which a word is used in a literal and metaphorical sense at the same time.

Sylphlike (a.) Like a sylph; airy; graceful.

Sylvanite (n.) A mineral, a telluride of gold and silver, of a steel-gray, silver-white, or brass-yellow color. It often occurs in implanted crystals resembling written characters, and hence is called graphic tellurium.

Symphonic (a.) Symphonious.

Symphonic (a.) Relating to, or in the manner of, symphony; as, the symphonic form or style of composition.

Symphyses (pl. ) of Symphysis

Symphysis (n.) An articulation formed by intervening cartilage; as, the pubic symphysis.

Symphysis (n.) The union or coalescence of bones; also, the place of union or coalescence; as, the symphysis of the lower jaw. Cf. Articulation.

Symposiac (n.) A conference or conversation of philosophers at a banquet; hence, any similar gathering.

Symposium (n.) A collection of short essays by different authors on a common topic; -- so called from the appellation given to the philosophical dialogue by the Greeks.

Syneresis (n.) The union, or drawing together into one syllable, of two vowels that are ordinarily separated in syllabification; synecphonesis; -- the opposite of diaeresis.

Synalepha (n.) A contraction of syllables by suppressing some vowel or diphthong at the end of a word, before another vowel or diphthong; as, th' army, for the army.

Synangium (n.) The divided part beyond the pylangium in the aortic trunk of the amphibian heart.

Syncretic (a.) Uniting and blending together different systems, as of philosophy, morals, or religion.

Syngnathi (n. pl.) A suborder of lophobranch fishes which have an elongated snout and lack the ventral and first dorsal fins. The pipefishes and sea horses are examples.

Synizesis (n.) A contraction of two syllables into one; synecphonesis.

Syphering (n.) The lapping of chamfered edges of planks to make a smooth surface, as for a bulkhead.

Syphilide (n.) A cutaneous eruption due to syphilis.

Syphilize (v. t.) To inoculate with syphilis.

Syphiloid (a.) Resembling syphilis.

Tartralic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained as a white amorphous deliquescent substance, C8H10O11; -- called also ditartaric, tartrilic, or tartrylic acid.

Tautology (n.) A repetition of the same meaning in different words; needless repetition of an idea in different words or phrases; a representation of anything as the cause, condition, or consequence of itself, as in the following lines: --//The dawn is overcast, the morning lowers,/And heavily in clouds brings on the day. Addison.

Tectology (n.) A division of morphology created by Haeckel; the science of organic individuality constituting the purely structural portion of morphology, in which the organism is regarded as composed of organic individuals of different orders, each organ being considered an individual. See Promorphology, and Morphon.

Telegraph (n.) An apparatus, or a process, for communicating intelligence rapidly between distant points, especially by means of preconcerted visible or audible signals representing words or ideas, or by means of words and signs, transmitted by electrical action.

Telegraph (v. t.) To convey or announce by telegraph.

Teleology (n.) the doctrine of design, which assumes that the phenomena of organic life, particularly those of evolution, are explicable only by purposive causes, and that they in no way admit of a mechanical explanation or one based entirely on biological science; the doctrine of adaptation to purpose.

Telepheme (n.) A message by a telephone.

Telephone (n.) An instrument for reproducing sounds, especially articulate speech, at a distance.

Telephone (v. t.) To convey or announce by telephone.

Telephony (n.) The art or process of reproducing sounds at a distance, as with the telephone.

Tellurism (n.) An hypothesis of animal magnetism propounded by Dr. Keiser, in Germany, in which the phenomena are ascribed to the agency of a telluric spirit or influence.

Tellurium (n.) A rare nonmetallic element, analogous to sulphur and selenium, occasionally found native as a substance of a silver-white metallic luster, but usually combined with metals, as with gold and silver in the mineral sylvanite, with mercury in Coloradoite, etc. Symbol Te. Atomic weight 125.2.

Tellurous (a.) Of or pertaining to tellurium; derived from, or containing, tellurium;

Tephroite (n.) A silicate of manganese of an ash-gray color.

Tephrosia (n.) A genus of leguminous shrubby plants and herbs, mostly found in tropical countries, a few herbaceous species being North American. The foliage is often ashy-pubescent, whence the name.

Theophany (n.) A manifestation of God to man by actual appearance, usually as an incarnation.

Theosophy (n.) Any system of philosophy or mysticism which proposes to attain intercourse with God and superior spirits, and consequent superhuman knowledge, by physical processes, as by the theurgic operations of some ancient Platonists, or by the chemical processes of the German fire philosophers; also, a direct, as distinguished from a revealed, knowledge of God, supposed to be attained by extraordinary illumination

Thialdine (n.) A weak nitrogenous sulphur base, C6H13NS2.

Thickhead (n.) Any one of several species of Australian singing birds of the genus Pachycephala. The males of some of the species are bright-colored. Some of the species are popularly called thrushes.

Thiophene (n.) A sulphur hydrocarbon, C4H4S, analogous to furfuran and benzene, and acting as the base of a large number of substances which closely resemble the corresponding aromatic derivatives.

Thornbill (n.) Any one of several species of small, brilliantly colored American birds of the genus Rhamphomicron. They have a long, slender, sharp bill, and feed upon honey, insects, and the juice of the sugar cane.

Toadeater (n.) A fawning, obsequious parasite; a mean sycophant; a flatterer; a toady.

Tolerable (a.) Capable of being borne or endured; supportable, either physically or mentally.

Tonophant (n.) A modification of the kaleidophon, for showing composition of acoustic vibrations. It consists of two thin slips of steel welded together, their length being adjystable by a screw socket.

Tralation (n.) The use of a word in a figurative or extended sense; ametaphor; a trope.

Transform (v. t.) To change the form of; to change in shape or appearance; to metamorphose; as, a caterpillar is ultimately transformed into a butterfly.

Transform (v. i.) To be changed in form; to be metamorphosed.

Treadmill (n.) A mill worked by persons treading upon steps on the periphery of a wide wheel having a horizontal axis. It is used principally as a means of prison discipline. Also, a mill worked by horses, dogs, etc., treading an endless belt.

Tremolite (n.) A white variety of amphibole, or hornblende, occurring in long, bladelike crystals, and coarsely fibrous masses.

Trephined (imp. & p. p.) of Trephine

Trigamous (a.) Having three sorts of flowers in the same head, -- male, female, and hermaphrodite, or perfect, flowers.

Tripodian (n.) An ancient stringed instrument; -- so called because, in form, it resembled the Delphic tripod.

Triumphed (imp. & p. p.) of Triumph

Triumphal (a.) Of or pertaining to triumph; used in a triumph; indicating, or in honor of, a triumph or victory; as, a triumphal crown; a triumphal arch.

Triumphal (n.) A token of victory.

Triumpher (n.) One who was honored with a triumph; a victor.

Triumpher (n.) One who triumphs or rejoices for victory.

Trumpeter (n.) Any one of several species of long-legged South American birds of the genus Psophia, especially P. crepitans, which is abundant, and often domesticated and kept with other poultry by the natives. They are allied to the cranes. So called from their loud cry. Called also agami, and yakamik.

Tubularia (n.) A genus of hydroids having large, naked, flowerlike hydranths at the summits of long, slender, usually simple, stems. The gonophores are small, and form clusters at the bases of the outer tentacles.

Typhlitis (n.) Inflammation of the caecum.

Umbilicus (n.) A point of a surface at which the curvatures of the normal sections are all equal to each other. A sphere may be osculatory to the surface in every direction at an umbilicus. Called also umbilic.

Underprop (v. t.) To prop from beneath; to put a prop under; to support; to uphold.

Unisexual (a.) Having one sex only, as plants which have the male and female flowers on separate individuals, or animals in which the sexes are in separate individuals; di/cious; -- distinguished from bisexual, or hermaphrodite. See Di/cious.

Upholster (v. t.) To furnish (rooms, carriages, bedsteads, chairs, etc.) with hangings, coverings, cushions, etc.; to adorn with furnishings in cloth, velvet, silk, etc.; as, to upholster a couch; to upholster a room with curtains.

Upholster (n.) A broker.

Upholster (n.) An upholsterer.

Uranology (n.) A discourse or treatise on the heavens and the heavenly bodies; the study of the heavens; uranography.

Utricular (a.) Resembling a utricle or bag, whether large or minute; -- said especially with reference to the condition of certain substances, as sulphur, selenium, etc., when condensed from the vaporous state and deposited upon cold bodies, in which case they assume the form of small globules filled with liquid.

Vallecula (n.) A groove; a fossa; as, the vallecula, or fossa, which separates the hemispheres of the cerebellum.

Variolite (n.) A kind of diorite or diabase containing imbedded whitish spherules, which give the rock a spotted appearance.

Variscite (n.) An apple-green mineral occurring in reniform masses. It is a hydrous phosphate of alumina.

Vaticinal (a.) Of or pertaining to prophecy; prophetic.

Venereous (a.) Venereal; exciting lust; aphrodisiac.

Vermilion (n.) A bright red pigment consisting of mercuric sulphide, obtained either from the mineral cinnabar or artificially. It has a fine red color, and is much used in coloring sealing wax, in printing, etc.

Viability (n.) The capacity of living, or being distributed, over wide geographical limits; as, the viability of a species.

Visionary (a.) Affected by phantoms; disposed to receive impressions on the imagination; given to reverie; apt to receive, and act upon, fancies as if they were realities.

Visionary (n.) One whose imagination is disturbed; one who sees visions or phantoms.

Vivianite (n.) A hydrous phosphate of iron of a blue to green color, growing darker on exposure. It occurs in monoclinic crystals, also fibrous, massive, and earthy.

Volcanist (n.) One versed in the history and phenomena of volcanoes.

Vulcanite (n.) Hard rubber produced by vulcanizing with a large proportion of sulphur.

Vulgarism (n.) A vulgar phrase or expression.

Wagnerite (n.) A fluophosphate of magnesia, occurring in yellowish crystals, and also in massive forms.

Water can () Any one of several species of Nuphar; the yellow frog lily; -- so called from the shape of the seed vessel. See Nuphar, and cf. Candock.

Waterleaf (n.) Any plant of the American genus Hydrophyllum, herbs having white or pale blue bell-shaped flowers.

Wavellite (n.) A hydrous phosphate of alumina, occurring usually in hemispherical radiated forms varying in color from white to yellow, green, or black.

Wedgebill (n.) An Australian crested insessorial bird (Sphenostoma cristatum) having a wedge-shaped bill. Its color is dull brown, like the earth of the plains where it lives.

Withstand (prep.) To stand against; to oppose; to resist, either with physical or moral force; as, to withstand an attack of troops; to withstand eloquence or arguments.

Witticism (n.) A witty saying; a sentence or phrase which is affectedly witty; an attempt at wit; a conceit.

Wolfberry (n.) An American shrub (Symphoricarpus occidentalis) which bears soft white berries.

Xanthogen (n.) Persulphocyanogen.

Xeroderma (n.) A skin disease characterized by the presence of numerous small pigmented spots resembling freckles, with which are subsequently mingled spots of atrophied skin.

Xerophagy (n.) Among the primitive Christians, the living on a diet of dry food in Lent and on other fasts.

Xiphidium (n.) A genus of plants of the order Haemodraceae, having two-ranked, sword-shaped leaves.

Xiphosura (n. pl.) See Xiphura.

Xylindein (n.) A green or blue pigment produced by Peziza in certain kinds of decayed wood, as the beech, oak, birch, etc., and extracted as an amorphous powder resembling indigo.

Xylograph (n.) An engraving on wood, or the impression from such an engraving; a print by xylography.

Xylophaga (n.) A genus of marine bivalves which bore holes in wood. They are allied to Pholas.

Xylophone (n.) An instrument common among the Russians, Poles, and Tartars, consisting of a series of strips of wood or glass graduated in length to the musical scale, resting on belts of straw, and struck with two small hammers. Called in Germany strohfiedel, or straw fiddle.

Xylophone (n.) An instrument to determine the vibrative properties of different kinds of wood.

Zinkenite (n.) A steel-gray metallic mineral, a sulphide of antimony and lead.

Zoography (n.) A description of animals, their forms and habits.

Zoophagan (n.) A animal that feeds on animal food.

Zoophoric (a.) Bearing or supporting the figure of an animal; as, a zoophoric column.

Zoophytic (a.) Alt. of Zoophytical

Zygantrum (n.) See under Zygosphene.

Zymophyte (n.) A bacteroid ferment.

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