Plural Nouns Starting with S

Saan (n. pl.) Same as Bushmen.

Sabaoth (n. pl.) Armies; hosts.

Sabaoth (n. pl.) Incorrectly, the Sabbath.

Saccharomycetes (n. pl.) A family of fungi consisting of the one genus Saccharomyces.

Saccoglossa (n. pl.) Same as Pellibranchiata.

Sacs (n. pl.) A tribe of Indians, which, together with the Foxes, formerly occupied the region about Green Bay, Wisconsin.

Saddlebags (n. pl.) Bags, usually of leather, united by straps or a band, formerly much used by horseback riders to carry small articles, one bag hanging on each side.

Salamandroidea (n. pl.) A division of Amphibia including the Salamanders and allied groups; the Urodela.

Sallenders (n. pl.) An eruption on the hind leg of a horse.

Saltatoria (n. pl.) A division of Orthoptera including grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets.

Saltigradae (n. pl.) A tribe of spiders including those which lie in wait and leap upon their prey; the leaping spiders.

Samoyedes (n. pl.) An ignorant and degraded Turanian tribe which occupies a portion of Northern Russia and a part of Siberia.

Santees (n. pl.) One of the seven confederated tribes of Indians belonging to the Sioux, or Dakotas.

Sarcophaga (n. pl.) A suborder of carnivorous and insectivorous marsupials including the dasyures and the opossums.

Sarcorhamphi (n. pl.) A division of raptorial birds comprising the vultures.

Saturnalia (n. pl.) The festival of Saturn, celebrated in December, originally during one day, but afterward during seven days, as a period of unrestrained license and merriment for all classes, extending even to the slaves.

Saturnalia (n. pl.) Hence: A period or occasion of general license, in which the passions or vices have riotous indulgence.

Sauks (n. pl.) Same as Sacs.

Sauria (n. pl.) A division of Reptilia formerly established to include the Lacertilia, Crocodilia, Dinosauria, and other groups. By some writers the name is restricted to the Lacertilia.

Saurobatrachia (n. pl.) The Urodela.

Sauropoda (n. pl.) An extinct order of herbivorous dinosaurs having the feet of a saurian type, instead of birdlike, as they are in many dinosaurs. It includes the largest known land animals, belonging to Brontosaurus, Camarasaurus, and allied genera. See Illustration in Appendix.

Sauropsida (n. pl.) A comprehensive group of vertebrates, comprising the reptiles and birds.

Sauropterygia (n. pl.) Same as Plesiosauria.

Saururae (n. pl.) An extinct order of birds having a long vertebrated tail with quills along each side of it. Archaeopteryx is the type. See Archaeopteryx, and Odontornithes.

Scansores (n. pl.) An artifical group of birds formerly regarded as an order. They are distributed among several orders by modern ornithologists.

Scaphopda (n. pl.) A class of marine cephalate Mollusca having a tubular shell open at both ends, a pointed or spadelike foot for burrowing, and many long, slender, prehensile oral tentacles. It includes Dentalium, or the tooth shells, and other similar shells. Called also Prosopocephala, and Solenoconcha.

Scatches (n. pl.) Stilts.

Schizognathae (n. pl.) The schizognathous birds.

Schizomycetes (n. pl.) An order of Schizophyta, including the so-called fission fungi, or bacteria. See Schizophyta, in the Supplement.

Schizonemertea (n. pl.) A group of nemerteans comprising those having a deep slit along each side of the head. See Illust. in Appendix.

Schizopoda (n. pl.) A division of shrimplike Thoracostraca in which each of the thoracic legs has a long fringed upper branch (exopodite) for swimming.

Scholia (n. pl.) See Scholium.

Scincoidea (n. pl.) A tribe of lizards including the skinks. See Skink.

Scissors (n. pl.) A cutting instrument resembling shears, but smaller, consisting of two cutting blades with handles, movable on a pin in the center, by which they are held together. Often called a pair of scissors.

Sciuromorpha (n. pl.) A tribe of rodents containing the squirrels and allied animals, such as the gophers, woodchucks, beavers, and others.

Sclerodermata (n. pl.) The stony corals; the Madreporaria.

Scolecida (n. pl.) Same as Helminthes.

Scolecomorpha (n. pl.) Same as Scolecida.

Scombriformes (n. pl.) A division of fishes including the mackerels, tunnies, and allied fishes.

Scorpiodea (n. pl.) Same as Scorpiones.

Scorpiones (n. pl.) A division of arachnids comprising the scorpions.

Scorpionidea (n. pl.) Same as Scorpiones.

Screechers (n. pl.) The picarian birds, as distinguished from the singing birds.

Screenings (n. pl.) The refuse left after screening sand, coal, ashes, etc.

Scuta (n. pl.) See Scutum.

Scutella (n. pl.) See Scutellum.

Scutibranchia (n. pl.) Same as Scutibranchiata.

Scutibranchiata (n. pl.) An order of gastropod Mollusca having a heart with two auricles and one ventricle. The shell may be either spiral or shieldlike.

Scybala (n. pl.) Hardened masses of feces.

Scyphobranchii (n. pl.) An order of fishes including the blennioid and gobioid fishes, and other related families.

Scyphomeduse (n. pl.) Same as Acraspeda, or Discophora.

Scyphophori (n. pl.) An order of fresh-water fishes inhabiting tropical Africa. They have rudimentary electrical organs on each side of the tail.

Scytodermata (n. pl.) Same as Holothurioidea.

Securifera (n. pl.) The Serrifera.

Sedilia (n. pl.) Seats in the chancel of a church near the altar for the officiating clergy during intervals of service.

Seiches (n. pl.) Local oscillations in level observed in the case of some lakes, as Lake Geneva.

Selachii (n. pl.) An order of elasmobranchs including the sharks and rays; the Plagiostomi. Called also Selacha, Selache, and Selachoidei.

Selachoidei (n. pl.) Same as Selachii.

Selachostomi (n. pl.) A division of ganoid fishes which includes the paddlefish, in which the mouth is armed with small teeth.

Self-affairs (n. pl.) One's own affairs; one's private business.

Sellanders (n. pl.) Alt. of Sellenders

Sellenders (n. pl.) See Sallenders.

Semaeostomata (n. pl.) A division of Discophora having large free mouth lobes. It includes Aurelia, and Pelagia. Called also Semeostoma. See Illustr. under Discophora, and Medusa.

Seminoles (n. pl.) A tribe of Indians who formerly occupied Florida, where some of them still remain. They belonged to the Creek Confideration.

Senecas (n. pl.) A tribe of Indians who formerly inhabited a part of Western New York. This tribe was the most numerous and most warlike of the Five Nations.

Serrifera (n. pl.) A division of Hymenoptera comprising the sawflies.

Serrirostres (n. pl.) Same as Lamellirostres.

Seven-thirties (n. pl.) A name given to three several issues of United States Treasury notes, made during the Civil War, in denominations of $50 and over, bearing interest at the rate of seven and three tenths (thirty hundredths) per cent annually. Within a few years they were all redeemed or funded.

Shakings (n. pl.) Deck sweepings, refuse of cordage, canvas, etc.

Shawnees (n. pl.) A tribe of North American Indians who occupied Western New York and part of Ohio, but were driven away and widely dispersed by the Iroquois.

Sherryvallies (n. pl.) Trousers or overalls of thick cloth or leather, buttoned on the outside of each leg, and generally worn to protect other trousers when riding on horseback.

Shoshones (n. pl.) A linguistic family or stock of North American Indians, comprising many tribes, which extends from Montana and Idaho into Mexico. In a restricted sense the name is applied especially to the Snakes, the most northern of the tribes.

Shots (n. pl.) The refuse of cattle taken from a drove.

Sigillaria (n. pl.) Little images or figures of earthenware exposed for sale, or given as presents, on the last two days of the Saturnalia; hence, the last two, or the sixth and seventh, days of the Saturnalia.

Sigla (n. pl.) The signs, abbreviations, letters, or characters standing for words, shorthand, etc., in ancient manuscripts, or on coins, medals, etc.

Sikhs (n. pl.) A religious sect noted for warlike traits, founded in the Punjab at the end of the 15th century.

Silicea (n. pl.) Same as Silicoidea.

Silicioidea (n. pl.) Same as Silicoidea.

Silicispongiae (n. pl.) Same as Silicoidea.

Silicoidea (n. pl.) An extensive order of Porifera, which includes those that have the skeleton composed mainly of siliceous fibers or spicules.

Siliquosa (n. pl.) A Linnaean order of plants including those which bear siliques.

Siluroidei (n. pl.) An order of fishes, the Nematognathi.

Silvas (n. pl.) Alt. of Selvas

Selvas (n. pl.) Vast woodland plains of South America.

Singles (n. pl.) See Single, n., 2.

Siphonata (n. pl.) A tribe of bivalve mollusks in which the posterior mantle border is prolonged into two tubes or siphons. Called also Siphoniata. See Siphon, 2 (a), and Quahaug.

Siphoniata (n. pl.) Same as Siphonata.

Siphonobranchiata (n. pl.) A tribe of gastropods having the mantle border, on one or both sides, prolonged in the form of a spout through which water enters the gill cavity. The shell itself is not always siphonostomatous in this group.

Siphonophora (n. pl.) An order of pelagic Hydrozoa including species which form complex free-swimming communities composed of numerous zooids of various kinds, some of which act as floats or as swimming organs, others as feeding or nutritive zooids, and others as reproductive zooids. See Illust. under Physallia, and Porpita.

Siphonopoda (n. pl.) A division of Scaphopoda including those in which the foot terminates in a circular disk.

Siphonostomata (n. pl.) A tribe of parasitic copepod Crustacea including a large number of species that are parasites of fishes, as the lerneans. They have a mouth adapted to suck blood.

Siphonostomata (n. pl.) An artificial division of gastropods including those that have siphonostomatous shells.

Sipunculacea (n. pl.) A suborder of Gephyrea, including those which have the body unarmed and the intestine opening anteriorly.

Sipunculoidea (n. pl.) Same as Gephyrea.

Sipunculoidea (n. pl.) In a restricted sense, same as Sipunculacea.

Sirenia (n. pl.) An order of large aquatic herbivorous mammals, including the manatee, dugong, rytina, and several fossil genera.

Sistren (n. pl.) Sisters.

Skilts (n. pl.) A kind of large, coarse, short trousers formerly worn.

Slugs (n. pl.) Half-roasted ore.

Smallclothes (n. pl.) A man's garment for the hips and thighs; breeches. See Breeches.

Smalls (n. pl.) See Small, n., 2, 3.

Smithereens (n. pl.) Fragments; atoms; smithers.

Snuffers (n. pl.) An instrument for cropping and holding the snuff of a candle.

Soapsuds (n. pl.) Suds made with soap.

Solenoconcha (n. pl.) Same as Scaphopoda.

Solenogastra (n. pl.) An order of lowly organized Mollusca belonging to the Isopleura. A narrow groove takes the place of the foot of other gastropods.

Solenoglypha (n. pl.) A suborder of serpents including those which have tubular erectile fangs, as the viper and rattlesnake. See Fang.

Solenostomi (n. pl.) A tribe of lophobranch fishes having a tubular snout. The female carries the eggs in a ventral pouch.

Solidungula (n. pl.) A tribe of ungulates which includes the horse, ass, and related species, constituting the family Equidae.

Solifugae (n. pl.) A division of arachnids having large, powerful fangs and a segmented abdomen; -- called also Solpugidea, and Solpugides.

Solpugidea (n. pl.) Same as Solifugae.

Sowans (n. pl.) See Sowens.

Sowens (n. pl.) A nutritious article of food, much used in Scotland, made from the husk of the oat by a process not unlike that by which common starch is made; -- called flummery in England.

Sowins (n. pl.) See Sowens.

Spandogs (n. pl.) A pair of grappling dogs for hoisting logs and timber.

Spatangoidea (n. pl.) An order of irregular sea urchins, usually having a more or less heart-shaped shell with four or five petal-like ambulacra above. The mouth is edentulous and situated anteriorly, on the under side.

Spatterdashes (n. pl.) Coverings for the legs, to protect them from water and mud; long gaiters.

Spelicans (n. pl.) See Spilikin.

Spermophyta (n. pl.) Plants which produce seed; phaenogamia. These plants constitute the highest grand division of the vegetable kingdom.

Spetches (n. pl.) Parings and refuse of hides, skins, etc., from which glue is made.

Spherobacteria (n. pl.) See the Note under Microbacteria.

Spiculispongiae (n. pl.) A division of sponges including those which have independent siliceous spicules.

Spiodea (n. pl.) An extensive division of marine Annelida, including those that are without oral tentacles or cirri, and have the gills, when present, mostly arranged along the sides of the body. They generally live in burrows or tubes.

Spirobacteria (n. pl.) See the Note under Microbacteria.

Splitfeet (n. pl.) The Fissipedia.

Spongiae (n. pl.) The grand division of the animal kingdom which includes the sponges; -- called also Spongida, Spongiaria, Spongiozoa, and Porifera.

Spongida (n. pl.) Spongiae.

Spongiozoa (n. pl.) See Sponglae.

Sporades (n. pl.) Stars not included in any constellation; -- called also informed, or unformed, stars.

Sporozoa (n. pl.) An extensive division of parasitic Protozoa, which increase by sporulation. It includes the Gregarinida.

Srawls (n. pl.) Small branches of a tree; twigs; sprays.

Squali (n. pl.) The suborder of elasmobranch fishes which comprises the sharks.

Squamata (n. pl.) A division of edentates having the body covered with large, imbricated horny scales. It includes the pangolins.

Stamina (n. pl.) See Stamen.

Stamina (n. pl.) The fixed, firm part of a body, which supports it or gives it strength and solidity; as, the bones are the stamina of animal bodies; the ligneous parts of trees are the stamina which constitute their strength.

Stamina (n. pl.) Whatever constitutes the principal strength or support of anything; power of endurance; backbone; vigor; as, the stamina of a constitution or of life; the stamina of a State.

Starblow

Steganophthalmata (n. pl.) The Discophora, or Phanerocarpae. Called also Steganophthalmia.

Steganopodes (n. pl.) A division of swimming birds in which all four toes are united by a broad web. It includes the pelicans, cormorants, gannets, and others.

Stegocephala (n. pl.) An extinct order of amphibians found fossil in the Mesozoic rocks; called also Stegocephali, and Labyrinthodonta.

Stegosauria (n. pl.) An extinct order of herbivorous dinosaurs, including the genera Stegosaurus, Omosaurus, and their allies.

Stellerida (n. pl.) An extensive group of echinoderms, comprising the starfishes and ophiurans.

Stelmatopoda (n. pl.) Same as Gymnolaemata.

Sterelmintha (n. pl.) Same as Platyelminthes.

Stives (n. pl.) Stews; a brothel.

Stomapoda (n. pl.) An order of Crustacea including the squillas. The maxillipeds are leglike in form, and the large claws are comblike. They have a large and elongated abdomen, which contains a part of the stomach and heart; the abdominal appendages are large, and bear the gills. Called also Gastrula, Stomatopoda, and Squilloidea.

Stomatoda (n. pl.) A division of Protozoa in which a mouthlike opening exists.

Stomatopoda (n. pl.) Same as Stomapoda.

Strepitores (n. pl.) A division of birds, including the clamatorial and picarian birds, which do not have well developed singing organs.

Strepsiptera (n. pl.) A group of small insects having the anterior wings rudimentary, and in the form of short and slender twisted appendages, while the posterior ones are large and membranous. They are parasitic in the larval state on bees, wasps, and the like; -- called also Rhipiptera. See Illust. under Rhipipter.

Strepsorhina (n. pl.) Same as Lemuroidea.

Streptobacteria (n. pl.) A so-called variety of bacterium, consisting in reality of several bacteria linked together in the form of a chain.

Streptoneura (n. pl.) An extensive division of gastropod Mollusca in which the loop or visceral nerves is twisted, and the sexes separate. It is nearly to equivalent to Prosobranchiata.

Striges (n. pl.) The tribe of birds which comprises the owls.

Strisores (n. pl.) A division of passerine birds including the humming birds, swifts, and goatsuckers. It is now generally considered an artificial group.

Struthioidea (n. pl.) Same as Struthiones.

Struthiones (n. pl.) A division, or order, of birds, including only the African ostriches.

Struthiones (n. pl.) In a wider sense, an extensive group of birds including the ostriches, cassowaries, emus, moas, and allied birds incapable of flight. In this sense it is equivalent to Ratitae, or Dromaeognathae.

Sturiones (n. pl.) An order of fishes including the sturgeons.

Stylommata (n. pl.) Same as Stylommatophora.

Stylommatophora (n. pl.) A division of Pulmonata in which the eyes are situated at the tips of the tentacles. It includes the common land snails and slugs. See Illust. under Snail.

Subbrachiales (n. pl.) A division of soft-finned fishes in which the ventral fins are situated beneath the pectorial fins, or nearly so.

Substantials (n. pl.) Essential parts.

Subulicornes (n. pl.) A division of insects having slender or subulate antennae. The dragon flies and May flies are examples.

Suctoria (n. pl.) An order of Infusoria having the body armed with somewhat stiff, tubular processes which they use as suckers in obtaining their food. They are usually stalked.

Suctoria (n. pl.) Same as Rhizocephala.

Suds (n. pl.) Water impregnated with soap, esp. when worked up into bubbles and froth.

Suigothus (n. pl.) The Scandinavian Goths. See the Note under Goths.

Sulks (n. pl.) The condition of being sulky; a sulky mood or humor; as, to be in the sulks.

Sundries (n. pl.) Many different or small things; sundry things.

Sweepings (n. pl.) Things collected by sweeping; rubbish; as, the sweepings of a street.

Swillings (n. pl.) See Swill, n., 1.

Sycones (n. pl.) A division of calcareous sponges.

Symbranchii (n. pl.) An order of slender eel-like fishes having the gill openings confluent beneath the neck. The pectoral arch is generally attached to the skull, and the entire margin of the upper jaw is formed by the premaxillary. Called also Symbranchia.

Symphyla (n. pl.) An order of small apterous insects having an elongated body, with three pairs of thoracic and about nine pairs of abdominal legs. They are, in many respects, intermediate between myriapods and true insects.

Synentognathi (n. pl.) An order of fishes, resembling the Physoclisti, without spines in the dorsal, anal, and ventral fins. It includes the true flying fishes.

Syngenesia (n. pl.) A Linnaean class of plants in which the stamens are united by the anthers.

Syngnathi (n. pl.) A suborder of lophobranch fishes which have an elongated snout and lack the ventral and first dorsal fins. The pipefishes and sea horses are examples.

Synonyma (n. pl.) Synonyms.

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