Words whose 5th letter is O

Abalone (n.) A univalve mollusk of the genus Haliotis. The shell is Abscond (v. i.) To depart clandestinely; to steal off and secrete one's self; -- used especially of persons who withdraw to avoid a legal process; as, an absconding debtor.

Acerose (a.) Needle-shaped, having a sharp, rigid point, as the leaf of the pine.

Acetonaemia (n.) Alt. of -nemia

Acetone (n.) A volatile liquid consisting of three parts of carbon, six of hydrogen, and one of oxygen; pyroacetic spirit, -- obtained by the distillation of certain acetates, or by the destructive distillation of citric acid, starch, sugar, or gum, with quicklime.

Achromatic (a.) Uncolored; not absorbing color from a fluid; -- said of tissue.

Action (n.) A share in the capital stock of a joint-stock company, or in the public funds; hence, in the plural, equivalent to stocks.

Actionist (n.) A shareholder in joint-stock company.

Adenoid (n.) A swelling produced by overgrowth of the adenoid tissue in the roof of the pharynx; -- usually in pl.

Adelocodonic (a.) Applied to sexual zooids of hydroids, that have a saclike form and do not become free; -- opposed to phanerocodonic.

Affront (n.) An offense to one's self-respect; shame.

Agglomerate (n.) A mass of angular volcanic fragments united by heat; -- distinguished from conglomerate.

Alamode (n.) A thin, black silk for hoods, scarfs, etc.; -- often called simply mode.

Alcyonacea (n. pl.) A group of soft-bodied Alcyonaria, of which Alcyonium is the type. See Illust. under Alcyonaria.

Aliform (a.) Wing-shaped; winglike.

Amigo (n.) A friend; -- a Spanish term applied in the Philippine Islands to friendly natives.

Amitosis (n.) Cell division in which there is first a simple cleavage of the nucleus without change in its structure (such as the formation of chromosomes), followed by the division of the cytoplasm; direct cell division; -- opposed to mitosis. It is not the usual mode of division, and is believed by many to occur chiefly in highly specialized cells which are incapable of long-continued multiplication, in transitory structures, and in those in early stages of degeneration.

Amitotic (a.) Of or pertaining to amitosis; karyostenotic; -- opposed to mitotic.

Amylogenic (a.) Forming starch; -- applied specif. to leucoplasts.

Amyloplastic (a.) Starch-forming; amylogenic.

Alphonsine (a.) Of or relating to Alphonso X., the Wise, King of Castile (1252-1284).

Alunogen (n.) A white fibrous mineral frequently found on the walls of mines and quarries, chiefly hydrous sulphate of alumina; -- also called feather alum, and hair salt.

Ambrose (n.) A sweet-scented herb; ambrosia. See Ambrosia, 3.

Amidogen (n.) A compound radical, NH2, not yet obtained in a separate state, which may be regarded as ammonia from the molecule of which one of its hydrogen atoms has been removed; -- called also the amido group, and in composition represented by the form amido.

Amorous (a.) Affected with love; in love; enamored; -- usually with of; formerly with on.

Amphora (n.) Among the ancients, a two-handled vessel, tapering at the bottom, used for holding wine, oil, etc.

Amyloid (n.) A non-nitrogenous starchy food; a starchlike substance.

Analogous (a.) Having analogy; corresponding to something else; bearing some resemblance or proportion; -- often followed by to.

Androdioecious (a.) Alt. of -diecious

Andromed (n.) A meteor appearing to radiate from a point in the constellation Andromeda, -- whence the name.

Anisospore (n.) A sexual spore in which the sexes differ in size; -- opposed to isospore.

Anchor (n.) Carved work, somewhat resembling an anchor or arrowhead; -- a part of the ornaments of certain moldings. It is seen in the echinus, or egg-and-anchor (called also egg-and-dart, egg-and-tongue) ornament.

Anchor (n.) One of the anchor-shaped spicules of certain sponges; also, one of the calcareous spinules of certain Holothurians, as in species of Synapta.

Anchorate (a.) Anchor-shaped.

Androphagi (n. pl.) Cannibals; man-eaters; anthropophagi.

Anemorphilous (a.) Fertilized by the agency of the wind; -- said of plants in which the pollen is carried to the stigma by the wind; wind-Fertilized.

Anemoscope (n.) An instrument which shows the direction of the wind; a wind vane; a weathercock; -- usually applied to a contrivance consisting of a vane above, connected in the building with a dial or index with pointers to show the changes of the wind.

Aneroid (a.) Containing no liquid; -- said of a kind of barometer.

Anisometric (a.) Not isometric; having unsymmetrical parts; -- said of crystals with three unequal axes.

Araroba (n.) A fabaceous tree of Brazil (Centrolobium robustum) having handsomely striped wood; -- called also zebrawood.

ArecoAnodon (n.) A genus of fresh-water bivalves, having no teeth at the hinge.

Anthology (n.) A collection of flowers of literature, that is, beautiful passages from authors; a collection of poems or epigrams; -- particularly applied to a collection of ancient Greek epigrams.

Anthophagous (a.) Eating flowers; -- said of certain insects.

Anxious (a.) Full of anxiety or disquietude; greatly concerned or solicitous, esp. respecting something future or unknown; being in painful suspense; -- applied to persons; as, anxious for the issue of a battle.

Anxious (a.) Accompanied with, or causing, anxiety; worrying; -- applied to things; as, anxious labor.

Apologize (v. i.) To make an apology or excuse; to make acknowledgment of some fault or offense, with expression of regret for it, by way of amends; -- with for; as, my correspondent apologized for not answering my letter.

Aporosa (n. pl.) A group of corals in which the coral is not porous; -- opposed to Perforata.

Approaching (n.) The act of ingrafting a sprig or shoot of one tree into another, without cutting it from the parent stock; -- called, also, inarching and grafting by approach.

Appropriate (v. t.) To set apart for, or assign to, a particular person or use, in exclusion of all others; -- with to or for; as, a spot of ground is appropriated for a garden; to appropriate money for the increase of the navy.

Approve (v. t.) To sanction officially; to ratify; to confirm; as, to approve the decision of a court-martial.

Approve (v. t.) To make profit of; to convert to one's own profit; -- said esp. of waste or common land appropriated by the lord of the manor.

Artiodactyla (n. pl.) One of the divisions of the ungulate animals. The functional toes of the hind foot are even in number, and the third digit of each foot (corresponding to the middle finger in man) is asymmetrical and paired with the fourth digit, as in the hog, the sheep, and the ox; -- opposed to Perissodactyla.

Artiodactylous (a.) Even-toed.

Asarone (n.) A crystallized substance, resembling camphor, obtained from the Asarum Europaeum; -- called also camphor of asarum.

Astroite (n.) A radiated stone or fossil; star-stone.

Astronomy (n.) A treatise on, or text-book of, the science.

Awlwort (n.) A plant (Subularia aquatica), with awl-shaped leaves.

Baboon (n.) One of the Old World Quadrumana, of the genera Cynocephalus and Papio; the dog-faced ape. Baboons have dog-like muzzles and large canine teeth, cheek pouches, a short tail, and naked callosities on the buttocks. They are mostly African. See Mandrill, and Chacma, and Drill an ape.

Bannock (n.) A kind of cake or bread, in shape flat and roundish, commonly made of oatmeal or barley meal and baked on an iron plate, or griddle; -- used in Scotland and the northern counties of England.

Barcon (n.) A vessel for freight; -- used in Mediterranean.

Bawcock (n.) A fine fellow; -- a term of endearment.

Banjorine (n.) A kind of banjo, with a short neck, tuned a fourth higher than the common banjo; -- popularly so called.

Behoove (v. t.) To be necessary for; to be fit for; to be meet for, with respect to necessity, duty, or convenience; -- mostly used impersonally.

Bellow (v. t.) To emit with a loud voice; to shout; -- used with out.

Bellows fish () A European fish (Centriscus scolopax), distinguished by a long tubular snout, like the pipe of a bellows; -- called also trumpet fish, and snipe fish.

Beshow (n.) A large food fish (Anoplopoma fimbria) of the north Pacific coast; -- called also candlefish.

Bestow (v. t.) To give or confer; to impart; -- with on or upon.

Bestow (v. t.) To demean; to conduct; to behave; -- followed by a reflexive pronoun.

Betroth (v. t.) To contract to any one for a marriage; to engage or promise in order to marriage; to affiance; -- used esp. of a woman.

Benzonaphtol () A white crystalBiflorous (a.) Bearing two flowers; two-flowered.

Biltong (n.) Lean meat cut into strips and sun-dried.

Bishop (n.) A piece used in the game of chess, bearing a representation of a bishop's miter; -- formerly called archer.

Bletonism (n.) The supposed faculty of perceiving subterraneous springs and currents by sensation; -- so called from one Bleton, of France.

Boohoo (n.) The sailfish; -- called also woohoo.

Borrow (v. t.) To receive from another as a loan, with the implied or expressed intention of returning the identical article or its equivalent in kind; -- the opposite of lend.

Borrow (v. t.) To take (one or more) from the next higher denomination in order to add it to the next lower; -- a term of subtraction when the figure of the subtrahend is larger than the corresponding one of the minuend.

Boston (n.) A game at cards, played by four persons, with two packs of fifty-two cards each; -- said to be so called from Boston, Massachusetts, and to have been invented by officers of the French army in America during the Revolutionary war.

Bottom (n.) Low land formed by alluvial deposits along a river; low-lying ground; a dale; a valley.

Bottom (v. t.) To found or build upon; to fix upon as a support; -- followed by on or upon.

Bottom (v. i.) To rest, as upon an ultimate support; to be based or grounded; -- usually with on or upon.

Bottomed (a.) Having at the bottom, or as a bottom; resting upon a bottom; grounded; -- mostly, in composition; as, sharp-bottomed; well-bottomed.

Bongo (n.) Either of two large antelopes (Boocercus eurycercus of West Africa, and B. isaaci of East Africa) of a reddish or chestnut-brown color with narrow white stripes on the body. Their flesh is especially esteemed as food.

Brunonian (a.) Pertaining to, or invented by, Brown; -- a term applied to a system of medicine promulgated in the 18th century by John Brown, of Scotland, the fundamental doctrine of which was, that life is a state of excitation produced by the normal action of external agents upon the body, and that disease consists in excess or deficiency of excitation.

Buffoon (n.) A man who makes a practice of amusing others by low tricks, antic gestures, etc.; a droll; a mimic; a harlequin; a clown; a merry-andrew.

Burbot (n.) A fresh-water fish of the genus Lota, having on the nose two very small barbels, and a larger one on the chin.

Burion (n.) The red-breasted house sparrow of California (Carpodacus frontalis); -- called also crimson-fronted bullfinch.

Button (n.) A catch, of various forms and materials, used to fasten together the different parts of dress, by being attached to one part, and passing through a slit, called a buttonhole, in the other; -- used also for ornament.

Button (n.) To fasten with a button or buttons; to inclose or make secure with buttons; -- often followed by up.

Buttonbush (n.) A shrub (Cephalanthus occidentalis) growing by the waterside; -- so called from its globular head of flowers. See Capitulum.

Buttons (n.) A boy servant, or page, -- in allusion to the buttons on his livery.

Buttonwood (n.) The Platanus occidentalis, or American plane tree, a large tree, producing rough balls, from which it is named; -- called also buttonball tree, and, in some parts of the United States, sycamore. The California buttonwood is P. racemosa.

Byssolite (n.) An olive-green fibrous variety of hornblende.

Caboodle (n.) The whole collection; the entire quantity or number; -- usually in the phrase the whole caboodle.

Caboose (n.) A house on deck, where the cooking is done; -- commonly called the galley.

Cacholong (n.) An opaque or milk-white chalcedony, a variety of quartz; also, a similar variety of opal.

Carborundum () A beautiful crystalCarromata (n.) In the Philippines, a light, two-wheeled, boxlike vehicle usually drawn by a single native pony and used to convey passengers within city limits or for traveling. It is the common public carriage.

Cammock (n.) A plant having long hard, crooked roots, the Ononis spinosa; -- called also rest-harrow. The Scandix Pecten-Veneris is also called cammock.

Cannonade (n.) The act of discharging cannon and throwing ball, shell, etc., for the purpose of destroying an army, or battering a town, ship, or fort; -- usually, an attack of some continuance.

Cannot () Am, is, or are, not able; -- written either as one word or two.

Canton (n.) A small territorial district; esp. one of the twenty-two independent states which form the Swiss federal republic; in France, a subdivision of an arrondissement. See Arrondissement.

Cantoned (a.) Having a charge in each of the four corners; -- said of a cross on a shield, and also of the shield itself.

Carboxyl (n.) The complex radical, CO.OH, regarded as the essential and characteristic constituent which all oxygen acids of carbon (as formic, acetic, benzoic acids, etc.) have in common; -- called also oxatyl.

Carboy (n.) A large, globular glass bottle, esp. one of green glass, inclosed in basket work or in a box, for protection; -- used commonly for carrying corrosive liquids; as sulphuric acid, etc.

Cardoon (n.) A large herbaceous plant (Cynara Cardunculus) related to the artichoke; -- used in cookery and as a salad.

Cariole (n.) A small, light, open one-horse carriage

Carnous (a.) Of a fleshy consistence; -- applied to succulent leaves, stems, etc.

Carpophagous (a.) Living on fruits; fruit-consuming.

Carrot (n.) The esculent root of cultivated varieties of the plant, usually spindle-shaped, and of a reddish yellow color.

Carroty (a.) Like a carrot in color or in taste; -- an epithet given to reddish yellow hair, etc.

Cartoon (n.) A design or study drawn of the full size, to serve as a model for transferring or copying; -- used in the making of mosaics, tapestries, fresco pantings and the like; as, the cartoons of Raphael.

Caryopsis (n.) A one-celled, dry, indehiscent fruit, with a thin membranous pericarp, adhering closely to the seed, so that fruit and seed are incorporated in one body, forming a single grain, as of wheat, barley, etc.

Castoreum (n.) A peculiar bitter orange-brown substance, with strong, penetrating odor, found in two sacs between the anus and external genitals of the beaver; castor; -- used in medicine as an antispasmodic, and by perfumers.

Cathode (n.) The part of a voltaic battery by which the electric current leaves substances through which it passes, or the surface at which the electric current passes out of the electrolyte; the negative pole; -- opposed to anode.

Catholic (a.) Not narrow-minded, partial, or bigoted; liberal; as, catholic tastes.

Cation (n.) An electro-positive substance, which in electro-decomposition is evolved at the cathode; -- opposed to anion.

Censor (n.) One who is empowered to examine manuscripts before they are committed to the press, and to forbid their publication if they contain anything obnoxious; -- an official in some European countries.

Censor (n.) One given to fault-finding; a censurer.

Chaconne (n.) An old Spanish dance in moderate three-four measure, like the Passacaglia, which is slower. Both are used by classical composers as themes for variations.

Chamois (n.) A soft leather made from the skin of the chamois, or from sheepskin, etc.; -- called also chamois leather, and chammy or shammy leather. See Shammy.

Chatoyant (n.) A hard stone, as the cat's-eye, which presents on a polished surface, and in the interior, an undulating or wary light.

Chelone (n.) A genus of hardy perennial flowering plants, of the order Scrophulariaceae, natives of North America; -- called also snakehead, turtlehead, shellflower, etc.

Cirrous (a.) Tufted; -- said of certain feathers of birds.

Compo (n.) Short for Composition; -- used, esp. in England, colloq. in various trade applications;

Consol (n.) A consolidated annuity (see Consols); -- chiefly in combination or attributively.

Cosmos (n.) A genus of composite plants closely related to Bidens, usually with very showy flowers, some with yellow, others with red, scarlet, purple, white, or lilac rays. They are natives of the warmer parts of America, and many species are cultivated. Cosmos bipinnatus and C. diversifolius are among the best-known species; C. caudatus, of the West Indies, is widely naturalized.

Coccolith (n.) One of a kind of minute, calcareous bodies, probably vegetable, often abundant in deep-sea mud.

Coelodont (a.) Having hollow teeth; -- said of a group lizards.

Coelospermous (a.) Hollow-seeded; having the ventral face of the seedlike carpels incurved at the ends, as in coriander seed.

Coenogamy (n.) The state of a community which permits promiscuous sexual intercourse among its members; -- as in certain primitive tribes or communistic societies.

Colcothar (n.) Polishing rouge; a reddish brown oxide of iron, used in polishing glass, and also as a pigment; -- called also crocus Martis.

Colloid (n.) A substance (as albumin, gum, gelatin, etc.) which is of a gelatinous rather than a crystalComboloio (n.) A Mohammedan rosary, consisting of ninety-nine beads.

Comfortable (a.) Free, or comparatively free, from pain or distress; -- used of a sick person.

Comforter (n.) The Holy Spirit, -- referring to his office of comforting believers.

Commodity (n.) That which affords convenience, advantage, or profit, especially in commerce, including everything movable that is bought and sold (except animals), -- goods, wares, merchandise, produce of land and manufactures, etc.

Common (v.) Not distinguished or exceptional; inconspicuous; ordinary; plebeian; -- often in a depreciatory sense.

Common (n.) The right of taking a profit in the land of another, in common either with the owner or with other persons; -- so called from the community of interest which arises between the claimant of the right and the owner of the soil, or between the claimants and other commoners entitled to the same right.

Commoner (n.) A student in the university of Oxford, Eng., who is not dependent on any foundation for support, but pays all university charges; - - at Cambridge called a pensioner.

Commons (n. pl.) Provisions; food; fare, -- as that provided at a common table in colleges and universities.

Compone (a.) Divided into squares of alternate tinctures in a single row; -- said of any bearing; or, in the case of a bearing having curved Comport (v. i.) To agree; to accord; to suit; -- sometimes followed by with.

Comport (v. t.) To carry; to conduct; -- with a reflexive pronoun.

Composed (a.) Free from agitation; calm; sedate; quiet; tranquil; self-possessed.

Composition (n.) A literary, musical, or artistic production, especially one showing study and care in arrangement; -- often used of an elementary essay or translation done as an educational exercise.

Compound (v. i.) To effect a composition; to come to terms of agreement; to agree; to settle by a compromise; -- usually followed by with before the person participating, and for before the thing compounded or the consideration.

Condole (v. i.) To express sympathetic sorrow; to grieve in sympathy; -- followed by with.

Condone (v. t.) To pardon; to overlook the offense of; esp., to forgive for a violation of the marriage law; -- said of either the husband or the wife.

Conform (v. t.) To shape in accordance with; to make like; to bring into harmony or agreement with; -- usually with to or unto.

Conform (v. i.) To be in accord or harmony; to comply; to be obedient; to submit; -- with to or with.

Conformable (a.) Corresponding in form, character, opinions, etc.; similar; like; consistent; proper or suitable; -- usually followed by to.

Conformable (a.) Parallel, or nearly so; -- said of strata in contact.

Conformity (n.) Correspondence in form, manner, or character; resemblance; agreement; congruity; -- followed by to, with, or between.

Consonant (a.) Having agreement; congruous; consistent; according; -- usually followed by with or to.

Consort (v. i.) To unite or to keep company; to associate; -- used with with.

Contorniate (n.) A species of medal or medallion of bronze, having a deep furrow on the contour or edge; -- supposed to have been struck in the days of Constantine and his successors.

Contortuplicate (a.) Plaited lengthwise and twisted in addition, as the bud of the morning-glory.

Convolute (a.) Rolled or wound together, one part upon another; -- said of the leaves of plants in aestivation.

Convolvulaceous (a.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants of which the bindweed and the morning-glory are common examples.

Convolvulus (n.) A large genus of plants having monopetalous flowers, including the common bindweed (C. arwensis), and formerly the morning-glory, but this is now transferred to the genus Ipomaea.

Cordoform (a.) Heart-shaped.

Coreopsis (n.) A genus of herbaceous composite plants, having the achenes two-horned and remotely resembling some insect; tickseed. C. tinctoria, of the Western plains, the commonest plant of the genus, has been used in dyeing.

Cornopean (n.) An obsolete name for the cornet-a-piston.

Corporality (n.) The state of being or having a body; bodily existence; corporeality; -- opposed to spirituality.

Corporeal (a.) Having a body; consisting of, or pertaining to, a material body or substance; material; -- opposed to spiritual or immaterial.

Cosmolabe (n.) An instrument resembling the astrolabe, formerly used for measuring the angles between heavenly bodies; -- called also pantacosm.

Cosmoplastic (a.) Pertaining to a plastic force as operative in the formation of the world independently of God; world-forming.

Cosmos (n.) The universe or universality of created things; -- so called from the order and harmony displayed in it.

Costotome (n.) An instrument (chisel or shears) to cut the ribs and open the thoracic cavity, in post-mortem examinations and dissections.

Cottolene (n.) A product from cotton-seed, used as lard.

Cotton (n.) A soft, downy substance, resembling fine wool, consisting of the unicellular twisted hairs which grow on the seeds of the cotton plant. Long-staple cotton has a fiber sometimes almost two inches long; short-staple, from two thirds of an inch to an inch and a half.

Cotton (v. i.) To unite; to agree; to make friends; -- usually followed by with.

Cotton (v. i.) To take a liking to; to stick to one as cotton; -- used with to.

Cottontail (n.) The American wood rabbit (Lepus sylvaticus); -- also called Molly cottontail.

Coulomb (n.) The standard unit of quantity in electrical measurements. It is the quantity of electricity conveyed in one second by the current produced by an electro-motive force of one volt acting in a circuit having a resistance of one ohm, or the quantity transferred by one ampere in one second. Formerly called weber.

Cowpox (n.) A pustular eruptive disease of the cow, which, when communicated to the human system, as by vaccination, protects from the smallpox; vaccinia; -- called also kinepox, cowpock, and kinepock.

Cracovienne (n.) A lively Polish dance, in 2-4 time.

Cracowes (n. pl.) Long-toed boots or shoes formerly worn in many parts of Europe; -- so called from Cracow, in Poland, where they were first worn in the fourteenth century.

Cricoid (a.) Resembling a ring; -- said esp. of the cartilage at the larynx, and the adjoining parts.

CrinoCrocoite (n.) Lead chromate occuring in crystals of a bright hyacinth red color; -- called also red lead ore.

Crunodal (a.) Possessing, or characterized by, a crunode; -- used of curves.

Cyclone (n.) In general, a condition of the atmosphere characterized by a central area of pressure much lower than that of surrounding areas, and a system of winds blowing inward and around (clockwise in the southern hemisphere and counter-clockwise in the northern); -- called also a low-area storm. It is attended by high temperature, moist air, abundant precipitation, and clouded sky. The term includes the hurricane, typhoon, and tropical storms; it should not be applied to the moderate distu> Cuckoldly (a.) Having the qualities of a cuckold; mean-spirited; sneaking.

Cuckoobud (n.) A species of Ranunculus (R. bulbosus); -- called also butterflower, buttercup, kingcup, goldcup.

Cuckooflower (n.) A species of Cardamine (C. pratensis), or lady's smock. Its leaves are used in salads. Also, the ragged robin (Lychnis Flos-cuculi).

Cuckoopint (n.) A plant of the genus Arum (A. maculatum); the European wake-robin.

Curious (a.) Careful or anxious to learn; eager for knowledge; given to research or inquiry; habitually inquisitive; prying; -- sometimes with after or of.

Custody (n.) Judicial or penal safe-keeping.

Custom (n.) Long-established practice, considered as unwritten law, and resting for authority on long consent; usage. See Usage, and Prescription.

Customer (n.) A peculiar person; -- in an indefinite sense; as, a queer customer; an ugly customer.

Cyanogen (n.) A colorless, inflammable, poisonous gas, C2N2, with a peach-blossom odor, so called from its tendency to form blue compounds; obtained by heating ammonium oxalate, mercuric cyanide, etc. It is obtained in combination, forming an alkaCyphonautes (n.) The free-swimming, bivalve larva of certain Bryozoa.

Daffodil (n.) A plant of the genus Narcissus (N. Pseudo-narcissus). It has a bulbous root and beautiful flowers, usually of a yellow hue. Called also daffodilly, daffadilly, daffadowndilly, daffydowndilly, etc.

Damson (n.) A small oval plum of a blue color, the fruit of a variety of the Prunus domestica; -- called also damask plum.

Dahoon () An evergreen shrub or small tree (Ilex cassine) of the southern United States, bearing red drupes and having soft, white, close-grained wood; -- called also dahoon holly.

Deacon (v. t.) To read aloud each Debtor (n.) One who owes a debt; one who is indebted; -- correlative to creditor.

Deltoid (a.) Shaped like the Greek / (delta); delta-shaped; triangular.

Dentoid (a.) Shaped like a tooth; tooth-shaped.

Deploy (v. t. & i.) To open out; to unfold; to spread out (a body of troops) in such a way that they shall display a wider front and less depth; -- the reverse of ploy; as, to deploy a column of troops into Desmodont (n.) A member of a group of South American blood-sucking bats, of the genera Desmodus and Diphylla. See Vampire.

Desmognathous (a.) Having the maxillo-palatine bones united; -- applied to a group of carinate birds (Desmognathae), including various wading and swimming birds, as the ducks and herons, and also raptorial and other kinds.

Despoil (v. t.) To deprive for spoil; to plunder; to rob; to pillage; to strip; to divest; -- usually followed by of.

Despondent (a.) Marked by despondence; given to despondence; low-spirited; as, a despondent manner; a despondent prisoner.

Deutoxide (n.) A compound containing in the molecule two atoms of oxygen united with some other element or radical; -- usually called dioxide, or less frequently, binoxide.

Diacoustics (n.) That branch of natural philosophy which treats of the properties of sound as affected by passing through different mediums; -- called also diaphonics. See the Note under Acoustics.

Diamond (n.) A pointed projection, like a four-sided pyramid, used for ornament in Diabolo (n.) An old game or sport (revived under this name) consisting in whirling on a string, fastened to two sticks, a small somewhat spool-shaped object (called the diabolo) so as to balance it on a string, toss it in the air and catch it, etc.

Dictograph (n.) A telephonic instrument for office or other similar use, having a sound-magnifying device enabling the ordinary mouthpiece to be dispensed with. Much use has been made of it for overhearing, or for recording, conversations for the purpose of obtaining evidence for use in litigation.

Diatomous (a.) Having a single, distinct, diagonal cleavage; -- said of crystals.

Difform (a.) Irregular in form; -- opposed to uniform; anomalous; hence, unlike; dissimilar; as, to difform corolla, the parts of which do not correspond in size or proportion; difform leaves.

Diploid (n.) A solid bounded by twenty-four similar quadrilateral faces. It is a hemihedral form of the hexoctahedron.

Diprotodon (n.) An extinct Quaternary marsupial from Australia, about as large as the hippopotamus; -- so named because of its two large front teeth. See Illustration in Appendix.

Discoidal (a.) Disk-shaped; discoid.

Disconvenient (a.) Not convenient or congruous; unsuitable; ill-adapted.

Discord (v. i.) Want of concord or agreement; absence of unity or harmony in sentiment or action; variance leading to contention and strife; disagreement; -- applied to persons or to things, and to thoughts, feelings, or purposes.

Discourage (v. t.) To extinguish the courage of; to dishearten; to depress the spirits of; to deprive of confidence; to deject; -- the opposite of encourage; as, he was discouraged in his undertaking; he need not be discouraged from a like attempt.

Discovert (a.) Not covert; not within the bonds of matrimony; unmarried; -- applied either to a woman who has never married or to a widow.

Disgorge (v. t.) To give up unwillingly as what one has wrongfully seized and appropriated; to make restitution of; to surrender; as, he was compelled to disgorge his ill-gotten gains.

Dishonor (v. t.) To refuse or decDisjoint (a.) Disjointed; unconnected; -- opposed to conjoint.

Dismount (v. t.) To throw or remove from the carriage, or from that on which a thing is mounted; to break the carriage or wheels of, and render useless; to deprive of equipments or mountings; -- said esp. of artillery.

Dispose (v. t.) To give a tendency or inclination to; to adapt; to cause to turn; especially, to incDisposition (n.) Natural or prevailing spirit, or temperament of mind, especially as shown in intercourse with one's fellow-men; temper of mind.

Dispositioned (a.) Having (such) a disposition; -- used in compounds; as, well-dispositioned.

Dispossess (v. t.) To put out of possession; to deprive of the actual occupancy of, particularly of land or real estate; to disseize; to eject; -- usually followed by of before the thing taken away; as, to dispossess a king of his crown.

Dispossession (n.) The putting out of possession, wrongfully or otherwise, of one who is in possession of a freehold, no matter in what title; -- called also ouster.

Dissociation (n.) The process by which a compound body breaks up into simpler constituents; -- said particularly of the action of heat on gaseous or volatile substances; as, the dissociation of the sulphur molecules; the dissociation of ammonium chloride into hydrochloric acid and ammonia.

Dissonant (a.) Disagreeing; incongruous; discrepant, -- with from or to.

Dogbolt (n.) The bolt of the cap-square over the trunnion of a cannon.

Dogtooth (n.) An ornament common in Gothic architecture, consisting of pointed projections resembling teeth; -- also called tooth ornament.

Dolioform (a.) Barrel-shaped, or like a cask in form.

Dormouse (n.) A small European rodent of the genus Myoxus, of several species. They live in trees and feed on nuts, acorns, etc.; -- so called because they are usually torpid in winter.

Draconin (n.) A red resin forming the essential basis of dragon's blood; -- called also dracin.

Dragoman (n.) An interpreter; -- so called in the Levant and other parts of the East.

Dragon (n.) A short musket hooked to a swivel attached to a soldier's belt; -- so called from a representation of a dragon's head at the muzzle.

Dragonet (n.) A small British marine fish (Callionymuslyra); -- called also yellow sculpin, fox, and gowdie.

Dromon () In the Middle Ages, a large, fast-sailing galley, or cutter; a large, swift war vessel.

Durion (n.) The fruit of the durio. It is oval or globular, and eight or ten inches long. It has a hard prickly rind, containing a soft, cream-colored pulp, of a most delicious flavor and a very offensive odor. The seeds are roasted and eaten like chestnuts.

Dyslogistic (a.) Unfavorable; not commendatory; -- opposed to eulogistic.

Dzeron (n.) The Chinese yellow antelope (Procapra gutturosa), a remarkably swift-footed animal, inhabiting the deserts of Central Asia, Thibet, and China.

Economical (a.) Managing with frugality; guarding against waste or unnecessary expense; careful and frugal in management and in expenditure; -- said of character or habits.

Economical (a.) Managed with frugality; not marked with waste or extravagance; frugal; -- said of acts; saving; as, an economical use of money or of time.

Eelpot (n.) A boxlike structure with funnel-shaped traps for catching eels; an eelbuck.

Eelpout (n.) A European fish (Zoarces viviparus), remarkable for producing living young; -- called also greenbone, guffer, bard, and Maroona eel. Also, an American species (Z. anguillaris), -- called also mutton fish, and, erroneously, congo eel, ling, and lamper eel. Both are edible, but of little value.

Eelpout (n.) A fresh-water fish, the burbot.

Efflower (v. t.) To remove the epidermis of (a skin) with a concave knife, blunt in its middle part, -- as in making chamois leather.

Ekaboron (n.) The name given by Mendelejeff in accordance with the periodic law, and by prediction, to a hypothetical element then unknown, but since discovered and named scandium; -- so called because it was a missing analogue of the boron group. See Scandium.

Embiotocoid (n.) One of a family of fishes (Embiotocidae) abundant on the coast of California, remarkable for being viviparous; -- also called surf fishes and viviparous fishes. See Illust. in Append.

Employ (v. t.) To use; to have in service; to cause to be engaged in doing something; -- often followed by in, about, on, or upon, and sometimes by to; as: (a) To make use of, as an instrument, a means, a material, etc., for a specific purpose; to apply; as, to employ the pen in writing, bricks in building, words and phrases in speaking; to employ the mind; to employ one's energies.

Emulous (a.) Ambitiously desirous to equal or even to excel another; eager to emulate or vie with another; desirous of like excellence with another; -- with of; as, emulous of another's example or virtues.

Enamor (v. t.) To inflame with love; to charm; to captivate; -- with of, or with, before the person or thing; as, to be enamored with a lady; to be enamored of books or science.

Enchodus (n.) A genus of extinct Cretaceous fishes; -- so named from their spear-shaped teeth. They were allied to the pike (Esox).

Enchoric (a.) Belonging to, or used in, a country; native; domestic; popular; common; -- said especially of the written characters employed by the common people of ancient Egypt, in distinction from the hieroglyphics. See Demotic.

Encroach (v. i.) To enter by gradual steps or by stealth into the possessions or rights of another; to trespass; to intrude; to trench; -- commonly with on or upon; as, to encroach on a neighbor; to encroach on the highway.

Enomoty (n.) A band of sworn soldiers; a division of the Spartan army ranging from twenty-five to thirty-six men, bound together by oath.

Entrochal (a.) Pertaining to, or consisting of, entrochites, or the joints of encrinites; -- used of a kind of stone or marble.

Envious (a.) Feeling or exhibiting envy; actuated or directed by, or proceeding from, envy; -- said of a person, disposition, feeling, act, etc.; jealously pained by the excellence or good fortune of another; maliciously grudging; -- followed by of, at, and against; as, an envious man, disposition, attack; envious tongues.

Enzootic (a.) Afflicting animals; -- used of a disease affecting the animals of a district. It corresponds to an endemic disease among men.

Epanody (n.) The abnormal change of an irregular flower to a regular form; -- considered by evolutionists to be a reversion to an ancestral condition.

Epicolic (a.) Situated upon or over the colon; -- applied to the region of the abdomen adjacent to the colon.

Epozoic (a.) Living upon the exterior of another animal; ectozoic; -- said of external parasites.

Epizootic (a.) Containing fossil remains; -- said of rocks, formations, mountains, and the like.

Epizootic (a.) Of the nature of a disease which attacks many animals at the same time; -- corresponding to epidemic diseases among men.

Etheostomoid (n.) Any fish of the genus Etheostoma and related genera, allied to the perches; -- also called darter. The etheostomoids are small and often bright-colored fishes inhabiting the fresh waters of North America. About seventy species are known. See Darter.

Ethiops (n.) A black substance; -- formerly applied to various preparations of a black or very dark color.

Eudiometer (n.) An instrument for the volumetric measurement of gases; -- so named because frequently used to determine the purity of the air.

Euphonious (a.) Pleasing or sweet in sound; euphonic; smooth-sounding.

Euphotide (n.) A rock occurring in the Alps, consisting of saussurite and smaragdite; -- sometimes called gabbro.

Eupione (n.) A limpid, oily liquid obtained by the destructive distillation of various vegetable and animal substances; -- specifically, an oil consisting largely of the higher hydrocarbons of the paraffin series.

Explosive (n.) An explosive agent; a compound or mixture susceptible of a rapid chemical reaction, as gunpowder, or nitro-glycerine.

Explosive (n.) A sound produced by an explosive impulse of the breath; (Phonetics) one of consonants p, b, t, d, k, g, which are sounded with a sort of explosive power of voice. [See Guide to Pronunciation, ? 155-7, 184.]

Extrorse (a.) Facing outwards, or away from the axis of growth; -- said esp. of anthers occupying the outer side of the filament.

Factorage (n.) The allowance given to a factor, as a compensation for his services; -- called also a commission.

Factorial (n.) A name given to the factors of a continued product when the former are derivable from one and the same function F(x) by successively imparting a constant increment or decrement h to the independent variable. Thus the product F(x).F(x + h).F(x + 2h) . . . F[x + (n-1)h] is called a factorial term, and its several factors take the name of factorials.

Factorize (v. t.) To give warning to; -- said of a person in whose hands the effects of another are attached, the warning being to the effect that he shall not pay the money or deliver the property of the defendant in his hands to him, but appear and answer the suit of the plaintiff.

Farfow (v. t. & i.) To bring forth (young); -- said only of swine.

Farrow (a.) Not producing young in a given season or year; -- said only of cows.

Fathom (n.) A measure of length, containing six feet; the space to which a man can extend his arms; -- used chiefly in measuring cables, cordage, and the depth of navigable water by soundings.

Fellowship (n.) The rule for dividing profit and loss among partners; -- called also partnership, company, and distributive proportion.

Ferrotype (n.) A photographic picture taken on an iron plate by a collodion process; -- familiarly called tintype.

Ferrous (a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, iron; -- especially used of compounds of iron in which the iron has its lower valence; as, ferrous sulphate.

Fibrolite (n.) A silicate of alumina, of fibrous or columnar structure. It is like andalusite in composition; -- called also sillimanite, and bucholizite.

Fibrovascular (a.) Containing woody fiber and ducts, as the stems of all flowering plants and ferns; -- opposed to cellular.

Filioque (n.) The Latin for, "and from the Son," equivalent to et filio, inserted by the third council of Toledo (a. d. 589) in the clause qui ex Patre procedit (who proceedeth from the Father) of the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed (a. d. 381), which makes a creed state that the Holy Ghost proceeds from the Son as well as from the Father. Hence, the doctrine itself (not admitted by the Eastern Church).

Flavored (a.) Having a distinct flavor; as, high-flavored wine.

Flexor (n.) A muscle which bends or flexes any part; as, the flexors of the arm or the hand; -- opposed to extensor.

Folio (n.) The page number. The even folios are on the left-hand pages and the odd folios on the right-hand.

Follow (v. i.) To go or come after; -- used in the various senses of the transitive verb: To pursue; to attend; to accompany; to be a result; to imitate.

Forsooth (adv.) In truth; in fact; certainly; very well; -- formerly used as an expression of deference or respect, especially to woman; now used ironically or contemptuously.

Fossorious (a.) Adapted for digging; -- said of the legs of certain insects.

Frejol () The beanlike seed of any of several related plants, as the cowpea. Frijoles are an important article of diet among Spanish-American peoples, being used as an ingredient of many dishes.

Futhork (n.) The Runic alphabet; -- so called from the six letters f, u, / (th), o (or a), r, c (=k).

Garcon (n.) A boy; fellow; esp., a serving boy or man; a waiter; -- in Eng. chiefly applied to French waiters.

Galiot (n.) A strong, light-draft, Dutch merchant vessel, carrying a mainmast and a mizzenmast, and a large gaff mainsail.

Gallon (n.) A measure of capacity, containing four quarts; -- used, for the most part, in liquid measure, but sometimes in dry measure.

Galloon (n.) A narrow tapelike fabric used for binding hats, shoes, etc., -- sometimes made ornamental.

Galloway (n.) A small horse of a breed raised at Galloway, Scotland; -- called also garran, and garron.

Gallowglass (n.) A heavy-armed foot soldier from Ireland and the Western Isles in the time of Edward /

Gamboge (n.) A concrete juice, or gum resin, produced by several species of trees in Siam, Ceylon, and Malabar. It is brought in masses, or cylindrical rolls, from Cambodia, or Cambogia, -- whence its name. The best kind is of a dense, compact texture, and of a beatiful reddish yellow. Taking internally, it is a strong and harsh cathartic and emetic.

Garrot (n.) The European golden-eye.

Gesso (n.) Plaster of Paris, or gypsum, esp. as prepared for use in painting, or in making bas-reliefs and the like; by extension, a plasterlike or pasty material spread upon a surface to fit it for painting or gilding, or a surface so prepared.

Gestour (n.) A reciter of gests or legendary tales; a story-teller.

Gibbose (a.) Humped; protuberant; -- said of a surface which presents one or more large elevations.

Gibbous (a.) Swelling by a regular curve or surface; protuberant; convex; as, the moon is gibbous between the half-moon and the full moon.

Gibbous (a.) Hunched; hump-backed.

Glenoid (a.) Having the form of a smooth and shallow depression; socketlike; -- applied to several articular surfaces of bone; as, the glenoid cavity, or fossa, of the scapula, in which the head of the humerus articulates.

Glonoine (n.) Same as Nitroglycerin; -- called also oil of glonoin.

Glycocoll (n.) A crystalGlyconic (a.) Consisting of a spondee, a choriamb, and a pyrrhic; -- applied to a kind of verse in Greek and Latin poetry.

Gongorism (n.) An affected elegance or euphuism of style, for which the Spanish poet Gongora y Argote (1561-1627), among others of his time, was noted.

Gorgonzola (n.) A kind of Italian pressed milk cheese; -- so called from a village near Milan.

Gondola (n.) A flat-bottomed boat for freight.

Guenon (n.) One of several long-tailed Oriental monkeys, of the genus Cercocebus, as the green monkey and grivet.

Guicowar (n.) [Mahratta g/ekw/r, prop., a cowherd.] The title of the sovereign of Guzerat, in Western India; -- generally called the Guicowar of Baroda, which is the capital of the country.

Gunroom (n.) An apartment on the after end of the lower gun deck of a ship of war, usually occupied as a messroom by the commissioned officers, except the captain; -- called wardroom in the United States navy.

Gymnoblastea (n. pl.) The Athecata; -- so called because the medusoid buds are not inclosed in a capsule.

Gymnocarpous (a.) Naked-fruited, the fruit either smooth or not adherent to the perianth.

Gymnocopa (n. pl.) A group of transparent, free-swimming Annelida, having setae only in the cephalic appendages.

Gymnopaedic (a.) Having young that are naked when hatched; psilopaedic; -- said of certain birds.

Gymnophthalmata (n. pl.) A group of acalephs, including the naked-eyed medusae; the hydromedusae. Most of them are known to be the free-swimming progeny (gonophores) of hydroids.

Gymnotus (n.) A genus of South American fresh-water fishes, including the Gymnotus electricus, or electric eel. It has a greenish, eel-like body, and is possessed of electric power.

Hagdon (n.) One of several species of sea birds of the genus Puffinus; esp., P. major, the greater shearwarter, and P. Stricklandi, the black hagdon or sooty shearwater; -- called also hagdown, haglin, and hag. See Shearwater.

Hagioscope (n.) An opening made in the interior walls of a cruciform church to afford a view of the altar to those in the transepts; -- called, in architecture, a squint.

Haliotis (n.) A genus of marine shells; the ear-shells. See Abalone.

Haliotoid (a.) Like or pertaining to the genus Haliotis; ear-shaped.

Harmonical (a.) Relating to harmony, -- as melodic relates to melody; harmonious; esp., relating to the accessory sounds or overtones which accompany the predominant and apparent single tone of any string or sonorous body.

Harmonical (a.) Having relations or properties bearing some resemblance to those of musical consonances; -- said of certain numbers, ratios, proportions, points, Harmotome (n.) A hydrous silicate of alumina and baryta, occurring usually in white cruciform crystals; cross-stone.

Harrow (interj.) Help! Halloo! An exclamation of distress; a call for succor;-the ancient Norman hue and cry.

Heliography (n.) An early photographic process invented by Nicephore Niepce, and still used in photo-engraving. It consists essentially in exposing under a design or in a camera a polished metal plate coated with a preparation of asphalt, and subsequently treating the plate with a suitable solvent. The light renders insoluble those parts of the film which is strikes, and so a permanent image is formed, which can be etched upon the plate by the use of acid.

Heinous (a.) Hateful; hatefully bad; flagrant; odious; atrocious; giving great great offense; -- applied to deeds or to character.

Heliocentrical (a.) pertaining to the sun's center, or appearing to be seen from it; having, or relating to, the sun as a center; -- opposed to geocentrical.

Heliolite (n.) A fossil coral of the genus Heliolites, having twelve-rayed cells. It is found in the Silurian rocks.

Heliopora (n.) An East Indian stony coral now known to belong to the Alcyonaria; -- called also blue coral.

Heliotrope (n.) A plant of the genus Heliotropium; -- called also turnsole and girasole. H. Peruvianum is the commonly cultivated species with fragrant flowers.

Heliozoa (n. pl.) An order of fresh-water rhizopods having a more or less globular form, with slender radiating pseudopodia; the sun animalcule.

Herborize (v. t.) To form the figures of plants in; -- said in reference to minerals. See Arborized.

Hermodactyl (n.) A heart-shaped bulbous root, about the size of a finger, brought from Turkey, formerly used as a cathartic.

Hippocampus (n.) A fabulous monster, with the head and fore quarters of a horse joined to the tail of a dolphin or other fish (Hippocampus brevirostris), -- seen in Pompeian paintings, attached to the chariot of Neptune.

Hippocampus (n.) A genus of lophobranch fishes of several species in which the head and neck have some resemblance to those of a horse; -- called also sea horse.

Hippocrepian (n.) One of an order of fresh-water Bryozoa, in which the tentacles are on a lophophore, shaped like a horseshoe. See Phylactolaema.

Hippophagous (a.) Feeding on horseflesh; -- said of certain nomadic tribes, as the Tartars.

Histogenesis (n.) The formation and development of organic tissues; histogeny; -- the opposite of histolysis.

Histogenetic (a.) Tissue-producing; connected with the formation and development of the organic tissues.

Histology (n.) That branch of biological science, which treats of the minute (microscopic) structure of animal and vegetable tissues; -- called also histiology.

History (n.) A systematic, written account of events, particularly of those affecting a nation, institution, science, or art, and usually connected with a philosophical explanation of their causes; a true story, as distinguished from a romance; -- distinguished also from annals, which relate simply the facts and events of each year, in strict chronological order; from biography, which is the record of an individual's life; and from memoir, which is history composed from personal experience, ob> Hobnob (adv.) Have or have not; -- a familiar invitation to reciprocal drinking.

Hocco (n.) The crested curassow; -- called also royal pheasant. See Curassow.

Hoemother (n.) The basking or liver shark; -- called also homer. See Liver shark, under Liver.

Hognosesnake () A harmless North American snake of the genus Heterodon, esp. H. platyrhynos; -- called also puffing adder, blowing adder, and sand viper.

Hollow (adv.) Wholly; completely; utterly; -- chiefly after the verb to beat, and often with all; as, this story beats the other all hollow. See All, adv.

Hommocky (a.) Filled with hommocks; piled in the form of hommocks; -- said of ice.

Homoousian (n.) One of those, in the 4th century, who accepted the Nicene creed, and maintained that the Son had the same essence or substance with the Father; -- opposed to homoiousian.

Hydro (n.) A hydro-aeroplane.

Hydrobiplane (n.) A hydro-aeroplane having two supporting planes.

Hyalonema (n.) A genus of hexactinelHyalospongia (n. pl.) An order of vitreous sponges, having glassy six-rayed, siliceous spicules; -- called also Hexactinellinae.

Hydrobromide (n.) A compound of hydrobromic acid with a base; -- distinguished from a bromide, in which only the bromine unites with the base.

Hydrochloride (n.) A compound of hydrochloric acid with a base; -- distinguished from a chloride, where only chlorine unites with the base.

Hydrocyanide (n.) A compound of hydrocyanic acid with a base; -- distinguished from a cyanide, in which only the cyanogen so combines.

Hydrogenize (v. t.) To combine with hydrogen; to treat with, or subject to the action of, hydrogen; to reduce; -- contrasted with oxidize.

Hydrokinetic (a.) Of or pertaining to the motions of fluids, or the forces which produce or affect such motions; -- opposed to hydrostatic.

Hydromancy (n.) Divination by means of water, -- practiced by the ancients.

Hydromedusa (n.) Any medusa or jellyfish which is produced by budding from a hydroid. They are called also Craspedota, and naked-eyed medusae.

Hydrometeor (n.) A meteor or atmospheric phenomenon dependent upon the vapor of water; -- in the pl., a general term for the whole aqueous phenomena of the atmosphere, as rain, snow, hail, etc.

Hydropathist (n.) One who practices hydropathy; a water-cure doctor.

Hydrothermal (a.) Of or pertaining to hot water; -- used esp. with reference to the action of heated waters in dissolving, redepositing, and otherwise producing mineral changes within the crust of the globe.

Hygrophthalmic (a.) Serving to moisten the eye; -- sometimes applied to the lachrymal ducts.

Hypnogenic (a.) Relating to the production of hypnotic sleep; as, the so-called hypnogenic pressure points, pressure upon which is said to cause an attack of hypnotic sleep.

Iatrochemistry (n.) Chemistry applied to, or used in, medicine; -- used especially with reference to the doctrines in the school of physicians in Flanders, in the 17th century, who held that health depends upon the proper chemical relations of the fluids of the body, and who endeavored to explain the conditions of health or disease by chemical principles.

Iatromathematician (n.) One of a school of physicians in Italy, about the middle of the 17th century, who tried to apply the laws of mechanics and mathematics to the human body, and hence were eager student of anatomy; -- opposed to the iatrochemists.

Iconodulist (n.) One who serves images; -- opposed to an iconoclast.

Iconomania (n.) A mania or infatuation for icons, whether as objects of devotion, bric-a-brac, or curios.

Iconolatry (n.) The worship of images as symbols; -- distinguished from idolatry, the worship of images themselves.

Imago (n.) The final adult, and usually winged, state of an insect. See Illust. of Ant-lion, and Army worm.

Implore (v. t.) To call upon, or for, in supplication; to beseech; to prey to, or for, earnestly; to petition with urency; to entreat; to beg; -- followed directly by the word expressing the thing sought, or the person from whom it is sought.

Implosion (n.) A burstion inwards, as of a vessel from which the air has been exhausted; -- contrasted with explosion.

Improperia (n. pl.) A series of antiphons and responses, expressing the sorrowful remonstrance of our Lord with his people; -- sung on the morning of the Good Friday in place of the usual daily Mass of the Roman ritual.

Indoors (adv.) Within the house; -- usually separated, in doors.

Inglobate (a.) In the form of a globe or sphere; -- applied to nebulous matter collected into a sphere by the force of gravitation.

Introduce (v. t.) To lead or bring in; to conduct or usher in; as, to introduce a person into a drawing-room.

Intromittent (a.) Used in copulation; -- said of the external reproductive organs of the males of many animals, and sometimes of those of the females.

Introspection (n.) A view of the inside or interior; a looking inward; specifically, the act or process of self-examination, or inspection of one's own thoughts and feelings; the cognition which the mind has of its own acts and states; self-consciousness; reflection.

Introspective (a.) Inspecting within; seeing inwardly; capable of, or exercising, inspection; self-conscious.

Introspective (a.) Involving the act or results of conscious knowledge of physical phenomena; -- contrasted with associational.

Ipomoea (n.) A genus of twining plants with showy monopetalous flowers, including the morning-glory, the sweet potato, and the cypress vine.

IridoIsogonism (n.) The quality of having similar sexual zooids or gonophores and dissimilar hydrants; -- said of certain hydroids.

Isologous (a.) Having similar proportions, similar relations, or similar differences of composition; -- said specifically of groups or series which differ by a constant difference; as, ethane, ethylene, and acetylene, or their analogous compounds, form an isologous series.

Isopoda (n. pl.) An order of sessile-eyed Crustacea, usually having seven pairs of legs, which are all similar in structure.

Isopodiform (a.) Having the shape of an isopod; -- said of the larvae of certain insects.

Isopogonous (a.) Having the two webs equal in breath; -- said of feathers.

Jetson (n.) Goods which sink when cast into the sea, and remain under water; -- distinguished from flotsam, goods which float, and ligan, goods which are sunk attached to a buoy.

Juglone (n.) A yellow crystalJunco (n.) Any bird of the genus Junco, which includes several species of North American finches; -- called also snowbird, or blue snowbird.

Karyokinesis (n.) The indirect division of cells in which, prior to division of the cell protoplasm, complicated changes take place in the nucleus, attended with movement of the nuclear fibrils; -- opposed to karyostenosis. The nucleus becomes enlarged and convoluted, and finally the threads are separated into two groups which ultimately become disconnected and constitute the daughter nuclei. Called also mitosis. See Cell development, under Cell.

Karyomiton (n.) The reticular network of fine fibers, of which the nucleus of a cell is in part composed; -- in opposition to kytomiton, or the network in the body of the cell.

Karyoplasma (n.) The protoplasmic substance of the nucleus of a cell: nucleoplasm; -- in opposition to kytoplasma, the protoplasm of the cell.

Labiose (a.) Having the appearance of being labiate; -- said of certain polypetalous corollas.

Lacrosse (n.) A game of ball, originating among the North American Indians, now the popular field sport of Canada, and played also in England and the United States. Each player carries a long-handled racket, called a "crosse". The ball is not handled but caught with the crosse and carried on it, or tossed from it, the object being to carry it or throw it through one of the goals placed at opposite ends of the field.

Lacwork (n.) Ornamentation by means of lacquer painted or carved, or simply colored, sprinkled with gold or the like; -- said especially of Oriental work of this kind.

Larboard (n.) The left-hand side of a ship to one on board facing toward the bow; port; -- opposed to starboard.

Larboard (a.) On or pertaining to the left-hand side of a vessel; port; as, the larboard quarter.

Largo (a. & adv.) Slow or slowly; -- more so than adagio; next in slowness to grave, which is also weighty and solemn.

Leghorn (n.) A straw plaiting used for bonnets and hats, made from the straw of a particular kind of wheat, grown for the purpose in Tuscany, Italy; -- so called from Leghorn, the place of exportation.

Legion (n.) A body of foot soldiers and cavalry consisting of different numbers at different periods, -- from about four thousand to about six thousand men, -- the cavalry being about one tenth.

Lento (a. & adv.) Slow; in slow time; slowly; -- rarely written lente.

Lentoid (a.) Having the form of a lens; lens-shaped.

Leptorhine (a.) Having the nose narrow; -- said esp. of the skull. Opposed to platyrhine.

Leptothrix (n.) Having the form of a little chain; -- applied to bacteria when, as in multiplication by fission, they form a chain of filiform individuals.

Leucoma (n.) A white opacity in the cornea of the eye; -- called also albugo.

Leucopyrite (n.) A mineral of a color between white and steel-gray, with a metallic luster, and consisting chiefly of arsenic and iron.

Leucous (a.) White; -- applied to albinos, from the whiteness of their skin and hair.

Limbous (a.) With slightly overlapping borders; -- said of a suture.

Liquor (n.) A solution of a medicinal substance in water; -- distinguished from tincture and aqua.

Liriodendron (n.) A genus of large and very beautiful trees of North America, having smooth, shining leaves, and handsome, tuliplike flowers; tulip tree; whitewood; -- called also canoewood. Liriodendron tulipifera is the only extant species, but there were several others in the Cretaceous epoch.

Lisbon (n.) A sweet, light-colored species of wine, produced in the province of Estremadura, and so called as being shipped from Lisbon, in Portugal.

Lithogenous (a.) Stone-producing; -- said of polyps which form coral.

Lithophagous (a.) Eating or destroying stone; -- applied to various animals which make burrows in stone, as many bivalve mollusks, certain sponges, annelids, and sea urchins. See Lithodomus.

Lithophane (n.) Porcelain impressed with figures which are made distinct by transmitted light, -- as when hung in a window, or used as a lamp shade.

Lithotypy (n.) The art or process of making a kind of hard, stereotypeplate, by pressing into a mold, taken from a page of type or other matter, a composition of gum shell-lac and sand of a fine quality, together with a little tar and linseed oil, all in a heated state.

Littoral (a.) Inhabiting the seashore, esp. the zone between high-water and low-water mark.

Littorina (n.) A genus of small pectinibranch mollusks, having thick spiral shells, abundant between tides on nearly all rocky seacoasts. They feed on seaweeds. The common periwinkle is a well-known example. See Periwinkle.

Lowboy (n.) A chest of drawers not more than four feet high; -- applied commonly to the lower half of a tallboy from which the upper half has been removed.

Loblolly (n.) Gruel; porridge; -- so called among seamen.

Logrolling (n.) Hence: A combining to assist another in consideration of receiving assistance in return; -- sometimes used of a disreputable mode of accomplishing political schemes or ends.

Lophosteon (n.) The central keel-bearing part of the sternum in birds.

Lowborn (a.) Born in a low condition or rank; -- opposed to highborn.

Lungoor (n.) A long-tailed monkey (Semnopithecus schislaceus), from the mountainous districts of India.

Macrobiotic (a.) Long-lived.

Macrocosm (n.) The great world; that part of the universe which is exterior to man; -- contrasted with microcosm, or man. See Microcosm.

Macrocystis (n.) An immensely long blackish seaweed of the Pacific (Macrocystis pyrifera), having numerous almond-shaped air vessels.

Macrognathic (a.) Long-jawed.

Macron (n.) A short, straight, horizontal mark [-], placed over vowels to denote that they are to be pronounced with a long sound; as, a, in dame; /, in s/am, etc.

Macropod (n.) Any one of a group of maioid crabs remarkable for the length of their legs; -- called also spider crab.

Macroscopical (a.) Visible to the unassisted eye; -- as opposed to microscopic.

Macrosporangium (n.) A sporangium or conceptacle containing only large spores; -- opposed to microsporangium. Both are found in the genera Selaginella, Isoctes, and Marsilia, plants remotely allied to ferns.

Macrotous (a.) Large-eared.

Macrozoospore (n.) A large motile spore having four vibratile cilia; -- found in certain green algae.

Madwort (n.) A genus of cruciferous plants (Alyssum) with white or yellow flowers and rounded pods. A. maritimum is the commonly cultivated sweet alyssum, a fragrant white-flowered annual.

Magnolia (n.) A genus of American and Asiatic trees, with aromatic bark and large sweet-scented whitish or reddish flowers.

Mahoohoo (n.) The African white two-horned rhinoceros (Atelodus simus).

Maikong (n.) A South American wild dog (Canis cancrivorus); the crab-eating dog.

Mallophaga (n. pl.) An extensive group of insects which are parasitic on birds and mammals, and feed on the feathers and hair; -- called also bird lice. See Bird louse, under Bird.

Mammose (a.) Having the form of the breast; breast-shaped.

Mandore (n.) A kind of four-stringed lute.

Marjoram (n.) A genus of mintlike plants (Origanum) comprising about twenty-five species. The sweet marjoram (O. Majorana) is pecularly aromatic and fragrant, and much used in cookery. The wild marjoram of Europe and America is O. vulgare, far less fragrant than the other.

Marron (a.) A paper or pasteboard box or shell, wound about with strong twine, filled with an explosive, and ignited with a fuse, -- used to make a noise like a cannon.

Marrot (n.) The razor-billed auk. See Auk.

Mastodyny (n.) Pain occuring in the mamma or female breast, -- a form of neuralgia.

Mastoid (a.) Resembling the nipple or the breast; -- applied specifically to a process of the temporal bone behind the ear.

Maypole (n.) A tall pole erected in an open place and wreathed with flowers, about which the rustic May-day sports were had.

Meadowwort (n.) The name of several plants of the genus Spiraea, especially the white- or pink-flowered S. salicifolia, a low European and American shrub, and the herbaceous S. Ulmaria, which has fragrant white flowers in compound cymes.

Mechoacan (n.) A species of jalap, of very feeble properties, said to be obtained from the root of a species of Convolvulus (C. Mechoacan); -- so called from Michoacan, in Mexico, whence it is obtained.

Mellow (superl.) Not coarse, rough, or harsh; subdued; soft; rich; delicate; -- said of sound, color, flavor, style, etc.

Methodist (n.) One of a sect of Christians, the outgrowth of a small association called the "Holy Club," formed at Oxford University, A.D. 1729, of which the most conspicuous members were John Wesley and his brother Charles; -- originally so called from the methodical strictness of members of the club in all religious duties.

Methodist (n.) A person of strict piety; one who lives in the exact observance of religious duties; -- sometimes so called in contempt or ridicule.

Metronymic (a.) Derived from the name of one's mother, or other female ancestor; as, a metronymic name or appellation. -- A metronymic appellation.

Microbion (n.) A microscopic organism; -- particularly applied to bacteria and especially to pathogenic forms; as, the microbe of fowl cholera.

Microcephalous (a.) Having a small head; having the cranial cavity small; -- opposed to megacephalic.

Microphyllous (a.) Small-leaved.

Microseme (a.) Having the orbital index relatively small; having the orbits broad transversely; -- opposed to megaseme.

Microvolt (n.) A measure of electro-motive force; the millionth part of one volt.

Mignonette (n.) A plant (Reseda odorata) having greenish flowers with orange-colored stamens, and exhaling a delicious fragrance. In Africa it is a low shrub, but further north it is usually an annual herb.

Minion (n.) A loved one; one highly esteemed and favored; -- in a good sense.

Minionette (n.) A size of type between nonpareil and minion; -- used in ornamental borders, etc.

Minnow (n.) A small European fresh-water cyprinoid fish (Phoxinus laevis, formerly Leuciscus phoxinus); sometimes applied also to the young of larger kinds; -- called also minim and minny. The name is also applied to several allied American species, of the genera Phoxinus, Notropis, or Minnilus, and Rhinichthys.

Mirror (n.) A looking-glass or a speculum; any glass or polished substance that forms images by the reflection of rays of light.

Moesogothic (n.) The language of the Moesogoths; -- also called Gothic.

Monsoon (n.) A wind blowing part of the year from one direction, alternating with a wind from the opposite direction; -- a term applied particularly to periodical winds of the Indian Ocean, which blow from the southwest from the latter part of May to the middle of September, and from the northeast from about the middle of October to the middle of December.

Morrow (n.) The day following the present; to-morrow.

Motion (n.) The act, process, or state of changing place or position; movement; the passing of a body from one place or position to another, whether voluntary or involuntary; -- opposed to rest.

Motmot (n.) Any one of several species of long-tailed, passerine birds of the genus Momotus, having a strong serrated beak. In most of the species the two long middle tail feathers are racket-shaped at the tip, when mature. The bird itself is said by some writers to trim them into this shape. They feed on insects, reptiles, and fruit, and are found from Mexico to Brazil. The name is derived from its note.

Mungo (n.) A material of short fiber and inferior quality obtained by deviling woolen rags or the remnants of woolen goods, specif. those of felted, milled, or hard-spun woolen cloth, as distinguished from shoddy, or the deviled product of loose-textured woolen goods or worsted, -- a distinction often disregarded.

Mugwort (n.) A somewhat aromatic composite weed (Artemisia vulgaris), at one time used medicinally; -- called also motherwort.

Myosotis (n.) A genus of plants. See Mouse-ear.

Myrmotherine (a.) Feeding upon ants; -- said of certain birds.

Narcotine (n.) An alkaloid found in opium, and extracted as a white crystalNardoo (n.) An Australian name for Marsilea Drummondii, a four-leaved cryptogamous plant, sometimes used for food.

Narrow (superl.) Having but a little margin; having barely sufficient space, time, or number, etc.; close; near; -- with special reference to some peril or misfortune; as, a narrow shot; a narrow escape; a narrow majority.

Narrow (superl.) Formed (as a vowel) by a close position of some part of the tongue in relation to the palate; or (according to Bell) by a tense condition of the pharynx; -- distinguished from wide; as e (eve) and / (f/d), etc., from i (ill) and / (f/t), etc. See Guide to Pronunciation, / 13.

Narrow (n.) A narrow passage; esp., a contracted part of a stream, lake, or sea; a strait connecting two bodies of water; -- usually in the plural; as, The Narrows of New York harbor.

Narrowly (adv.) With a little margin or space; by a small distance; hence, closely; hardly; barely; only just; -- often with reference to an avoided danger or misfortune; as, he narrowly escaped.

Nation (n.) A great number; a great deal; -- by way of emphasis; as, a nation of herbs.

Necrophore (n.) Any one of numerous species of beetles of the genus Necrophorus and allied genera; -- called also burying beetle, carrion beetle, sexton beetle.

Necropsy (n.) A post-mortem examination or inspection; an autopsy. See Autopsy.

Necroscopical (a.) Or or relating to post-mortem examinations.

Neologist (n.) An innovator in any doctrine or system of belief, especially in theology; one who introduces or holds doctrines subversive of supernatural or revealed religion; a rationalist, so-called.

Neozoic (a.) More recent than the Paleozoic, -- that is, including the Mesozoic and Cenozoic.

Neuroma (n.) A tumor developed on, or connected with, a nerve, esp. one consisting of new-formed nerve fibers.

Neuromere (n.) A metameric segment of the cerebro-spinal nervous system.

Neuron (n.) The brain and spinal cord; the cerebro-spinal axis; myelencephalon.

Neuropodous (a.) Having the limbs on, or directed toward, the neural side, as in most invertebrates; -- opposed to haemapodous.

Neuroptera (n. pl.) An order of hexapod insects having two pairs of large, membranous, net-veined wings. The mouth organs are adapted for chewing. They feed upon other insects, and undergo a complete metamorphosis. The ant-lion, hellgamite, and lacewing fly are examples. Formerly, the name was given to a much more extensive group, including the true Neuroptera and the Pseudoneuroptera.

Neuroskeleton (n.) The deep-seated parts of the vertebrate skeleton which are relation with the nervous axis and locomation.

Niccolite (n.) A mineral of a copper-red color and metallic luster; an arsenide of nickel; -- called also coppernickel, kupfernickel.

Nigrosine (n.) A dark blue dyestuff, of the induNitroform (n.) A nitro derivative of methane, analogous to chloroform, obtained as a colorless oily or crystalNitromethane (n.) A nitro derivative of methane obtained as a mobile liquid; -- called also nitrocarbol.

Nitrophnol (n.) Any one of a series of nitro derivatives of phenol. They are yellow oily or crystalNoncondensible (a.) Not condensible; incapable of being liquefied; -- said of gases.

Noncontent (n.) One who gives a negative vote; -- sometimes abridged into noncon. or non con.

Norroy (n.) The most northern of the English Kings-at-arms. See King-at-arms, under King.

Ocypodian (n.) One of a tribe of crabs which live in holes in the sand along the seashore, and run very rapidly, -- whence the name.

Odorous (a.) Having or emitting an odor or scent, esp. a sweet odor; fragrant; sweet-smelling.

Oligoclase (n.) A triclinic soda-lime feldspar. See Feldspar.

Oligomyold (a.) Having few or imperfect syringeal muscles; -- said of some passerine birds (Oligomyodi).

Ominous (a.) Of or pertaining to an omen or to omens; being or exhibiting an omen; significant; portentous; -- formerly used both in a favorable and unfavorable sense; now chiefly in the latter; foreboding or foreshowing evil; inauspicious; as, an ominous dread.

Ophiophagous (a.) Feeding on serpents; -- said of certain birds and reptiles.

Option (n.) A right formerly belonging to an archbishop to select any one dignity or benefice in the gift of a suffragan bishop consecrated or confirmed by him, for bestowal by himself when next vacant; -- annulled by Parliament in 1845.

Orator (n.) An officer who is the voice of the university upon all public occasions, who writes, reads, and records all letters of a public nature, presents, with an appropriate address, those persons on whom honorary degrees are to be conferred, and performs other like duties; -- called also public orator.

Orthoclastic (a.) Breaking in directions at right angles to each other; -- said of the monoclinic feldspars.

Orthodox (a.) Sound in opinion or doctrine, especially in religious doctrine; hence, holding the Christian faith; believing the doctrines taught in the Scriptures; -- opposed to heretical and heterodox; as, an orthodox Christian.

Orthodoxy (n.) Soundness of faith; a belief in the doctrines taught in the Scriptures, or in some established standard of faith; -- opposed to heterodoxy or to heresy.

Orthodoxy (n.) Consonance to genuine Scriptural doctrines; -- said of moral doctrines and beliefs; as, the orthodoxy of a creed.

Orthodromics (n.) The art of sailing in a direct course, or on the arc of a great circle, which is the shortest distance between any two points on the surface of the globe; great-circle sailing; orthodromy.

Orthogamy (n.) Direct fertilization in plants, as when the pollen fertilizing the ovules comes from the stamens of the same blossom; -- opposed to heterogamy.

Orthognathous (a.) Having the front of the head, or the skull, nearly perpendicular, not retreating backwards above the jaws; -- opposed to prognathous. See Gnathic index, under Gnathic.

Orthogonal (a.) Right-angled; rectangular; as, an orthogonal intersection of one curve with another.

Orthometric (a.) Having the axes at right angles to one another; -- said of crystals or crystalOrthospermous (a.) Having the seeds straight, as in the fruits of some umbelliferous plants; -- opposed to coelospermous.

Orthotone (a.) Retaining the accent; not enclitic; -- said of certain indefinite pronouns and adverbs when used interrogatively, which, when not so used, are ordinarilly enclitic.

Orthotropic (a.) Having the longer axis vertical; -- said of erect stems.

Osteotomy (n.) The operation of dividing a bone or of cutting a piece out of it, -- done to remedy deformity, etc.

Otozoum (n.) An extinct genus of huge vertebrates, probably dinosaurs, known only from four-toed tracks in Triassic sandstones.

Outboard (a. & adv.) Beyond or outside of the Outgo (n.) That which goes out, or is paid out; outlay; expenditure; -- the opposite of income.

Oviform (a.) Having the form or figure of an egg; egg-shaped; as, an oviform leaf.

Oviposit (v. i.) To lay or deposit eggs; -- said esp. of insects.

Pachonta (n.) A substance resembling gutta-percha, and used to adulterate it, obtained from the East Indian tree Isonandra acuminata.

Parfocal (a.) With the lower focal points all in the same plane; -- said of sets of eyepieces so mounted that they may be interchanged without varying the focus of the instrument (as a microscope or telescope) with which they are used.

Pastorium (n.) A parsonage; -- so called in some Baptist churches.

Pathos (n.) The quality or character of those emotions, traits, or experiences which are personal, and therefore restricted and evanescent; transitory and idiosyncratic dispositions or feelings as distinguished from those which are universal and deep-seated in character; -- opposed to ethos.

Padlock (n.) A portable lock with a bow which is usually jointed or pivoted at one end so that it can be opened, the other end being fastened by the bolt, -- used for fastening by passing the bow through a staple over a hasp or through the links of a chain, etc.

Paedogenetic (a.) Producing young while in the immature or larval state; -- said of certain insects, etc.

Pandora (n.) A beautiful woman (all-gifted), whom Jupiter caused Vulcan to make out of clay in order to punish the human race, because Prometheus had stolen the fire from heaven. Jupiter gave Pandora a box containing all human ills, which, when the box was opened, escaped and spread over the earth. Hope alone remained in the box. Another version makes the box contain all the blessings of the gods, which were lost to men when Pandora opened it.

Pandour (n.) One of a class of Hungarian mountaineers serving in the Austrian army; -- so called from Pandur, a principal town in the region from which they originally came.

Pangolin (n.) Any one of several species of Manis, Pholidotus, and related genera, found in Africa and Asia. They are covered with imbricated scales, and feed upon ants. Called also scaly ant-eater.

Pansophical (a.) All-wise; claiming universal knowledge; as, pansophical pretenders.

Pansophy (n.) Universal wisdom; esp., a system of universal knowledge proposed by Comenius (1592 -- 1671), a Moravian educator.

Pantoscopic (a.) Literally, seeing everything; -- a term applied to eyeglasses or spectacles divided into two segments, the upper being designed for distant vision, the lower for vision of near objects.

Papboat (n.) A large spiral East Indian marine shell (Turbinella rapha); -- so called because used by native priests to hold the oil for anointing.

Pardon (v. t.) To absolve from the consequences of a fault or the punishment of crime; to free from penalty; -- applied to the offender.

Pardon (v. t.) To remit the penalty of; to suffer to pass without punishment; to forgive; -- applied to offenses.

Pardonable (a.) Admitting of pardon; not requiring the excution of penalty; venial; excusable; -- applied to the offense or to the offender; as, a pardonable fault, or culprit.

Parlor (n.) In large private houses, a sitting room for the family and for familiar guests, -- a room for less formal uses than the drawing-room. Esp., in modern times, the dining room of a house having few apartments, as a London house, where the dining parlor is usually on the ground floor.

Parlor (n.) Commonly, in the United States, a drawing-room, or the room where visitors are received and entertained.

Parsonish (a.) Appropriate to, or like, a parson; -- used in disparagement.

Pastorale (n.) A composition in a soft, rural style, generally in 6-8 or 12-8 time.

Pathogene (n.) One of a class of virulent microorganisms or bacteria found in the tissues and fluids in infectious diseases, and supposed to be the cause of the disease; a pathogenic organism; a pathogenic bacterium; -- opposed to zymogene.

Patron (n.) A guardian saint. -- called also patron saint.

Patronize (v. t.) To assume the air of a patron, or of a superior and protector, toward; -- used in an unfavorable sense; as, to patronize one's equals.

Peptohydrochloric (a.) Designating a hypothetical acid (called peptohydrochloric acid, pepsinhydrochloric acid, and chloropeptic acid) which is supposed to be formed when pepsin and dilute (0.1-0.4 per cent) hydrochloric acid are mixed together.

Perfoliate (a.) Having the basal part produced around the stem; -- said of leaves which the stem apparently passes directory through.

Perforata (n. pl.) A division of corals including those that have a porous texture, as Porites and Madrepora; -- opposed to Aporosa.

Period (n.) A complete sentence, from one full stop to another; esp., a well-proportioned, harmonious sentence.

Periostracum (n.) A chitinous membrane covering the exterior of many shells; -- called also epidermis.

Person (n.) A living, self-conscious being, as distinct from an animal or a thing; a moral agent; a human being; a man, woman, or child.

Personable (a.) Having a well-formed body, or person; graceful; comely; of good appearance; presentable; as, a personable man or woman.

Personnel (n.) The body of persons employed in some public service, as the army, navy, etc.; -- distinguished from materiel.

Pentosan () Alt. of -sane

Pergolo (n.) A continuous colonnade or arcade; -- applied to the decorative groups of windows, as in Venetian palazzi.

Perron (n.) An out-of-door flight of steps, as in a garden, leading to a terrace or to an upper story; -- usually applied to mediaevel or later structures of some architectural pretensions.

Photobacterium (n.) A genus including certain comma-shaped marine bacteria which emit bluish or greenish phosphorescence. Also, any microorganism of this group.

Photoheliometer (n.) A double-lens instrument for measuring slight variations of the sun's diameter by photography, utilizing the common chord of two overlapping images.

Photophilous (n.) Light-loving; growing in strong light, as many plants.

Photophore (n.) A light-emitting organ; specif., one of the luminous spots on certain marine (mostly deep-sea) fishes.

Photoplay (n.) A play for representation or exhibition by moving pictures; also, the moving-picture representation of a play.

Photosynthesis (n.) The process of constructive metabolism by which carbohydrates are formed from water vapor and the carbon dioxide of the air in the chlorophyll-containing tissues of plants exposed to the action of light. It was formerly called assimilation, but this is now commonly used as in animal physiology. The details of the process are not yet clearly known. Baeyer's theory is that the carbon dioxide is reduced to carbon monoxide, which, uniting with the hydrogen of the water in the c> Phycomycetes (n. pl.) A large, important class of parasitic or saprophytic fungi, the algal or algalike fungi. The plant body ranges from an undifferentiated mass of protoplasm to a well-developed and much-branched mycelium. Reproduction is mainly sexual, by the formation of conidia or sporangia; but the group shows every form of transition from this method through simple conjugation to perfect sexual reproduction by egg and sperm in the higher forms.

Phaeospore (n.) A brownish zoospore, characteristic of an order (Phaeosporeae) of dark green or olive-colored algae.

Philogyny (n.) Fondness for women; uxoriousness; -- opposed to misogyny.

Phonolite (n.) A compact, feldspathic, igneous rock containing nephelite, hauynite, etc. Thin slabs give a ringing sound when struck; -- called also clinkstone.

Photogalvanography (n.) The art or process of making photo-electrotypes.

Phthongal (a.) Formed into, or characterized by, voice; vocalized; -- said of all the vowels and the semivowels, also of the vocal or sonant consonants g, d, b, l, r, v, z, etc.

Physostigmine (n.) An alkaloid found in the Calabar bean (the seed of Physostigma venenosum), and extracted as a white, tasteless, substance, amorphous or crystalPhytolithology (n.) The branch of science which treats of fossil plants; -- usually called paleobotany, sometimes paleophytology.

Piano (a. & adv.) Soft; -- a direction to the performer to execute a certain passage softly, and with diminished volume of tone. (Abbrev. p.)

Pianoforte (a.) A well-known musical instrument somewhat resembling the harpsichord, and consisting of a series of wires of graduated length, thickness, and tension, struck by hammers moved by keys.

Pibcorn (n.) A wind instrument or pipe, with a horn at each end, -- used in Wales.

Picromel (n.) A colorless viscous substance having a bitter-sweet taste.

Pigeonfoot (n.) The dove's-foot geranium (Geranium molle).

Pistol (n.) The smallest firearm used, intended to be fired from one hand, -- now of many patterns, and bearing a great variety of names. See Illust. of Revolver.

Placoides (n. pl.) A group of fishes including the sharks and rays; the Elasmobranchii; -- called also Placoidei.

Planorbis (n.) Any fresh-water air-breathing mollusk belonging to Planorbis and other allied genera, having shells of a discoidal form.

Pleiophyllous (a.) Having several leaves; -- used especially when several leaves or leaflets appear where normally there should be only one.

Pluroderes (n. pl.) A group of fresh-water turtles in which the neck can not be retracted, but is bent to one side, for protection. The matamata is an example.

Plutonism (n.) The theory, early advanced in geology, that the successive rocks of the earth's crust were formed by igneous fusion; -- opposed to the Neptunian theory.

Pongo (n.) Any large ape; especially, the chimpanzee and the orang-outang.

Pontoon (n.) A wooden flat-bottomed boat, a metallic cylinder, or a frame covered with canvas, India rubber, etc., forming a portable float, used in building bridges quickly for the passage of troops.

Porpoise (n.) A true dolphin (Delphinus); -- often so called by sailors.

Pothook (n.) An S-shaped hook on which pots and kettles are hung over an open fire.

Precocious (a.) Developed more than is natural or usual at a given age; exceeding what is to be expected of one's years; too forward; -- used especially of mental forwardness; as, a precocious child; precocious talents.

Preponderant (a.) Preponderating; outweighing; overbalancing; -- used literally and figuratively; as, a preponderant weight; of preponderant importance.

Preposition (n.) A word employed to connect a noun or a pronoun, in an adjectival or adverbial sense, with some other word; a particle used with a noun or pronoun (in English always in the objective case) to make a phrase limiting some other word; -- so called because usually placed before the word with which it is phrased; as, a bridge of iron; he comes from town; it is good for food; he escaped by running.

Prepossession (n.) Preoccupation of the mind by an opinion, or impression, already formed; preconceived opinion; previous impression; bias; -- generally, but not always, used in a favorable sense; as, the prepossessions of childhood.

Prerogative (n.) An exclusive or peculiar privilege; prior and indefeasible right; fundamental and essential possession; -- used generally of an official and hereditary right which may be asserted without question, and for the exercise of which there is no responsibility or accountability as to the fact and the manner of its exercise.

Proboscidifera (n. pl.) A subdivision of the taenioglossate gastropods, including the fig-shells (Pyrula), the helmet shells (Cassis), the tritons, and allied genera.

Profound (a.) Characterized by intensity; deeply felt; pervading; overmastering; far-reaching; strongly impressed; as, a profound sleep.

Promorphology (n.) Crystallography of organic forms; -- a division of morphology created by Haeckel. It is essentially stereometric, and relates to a mathematical conception of organic forms. See Tectology.

Promoter (n.) Specifically, one who sets on foot, and takes the preliminary steps in, a scheme for the organization of a corporation, a joint-stock company, or the like.

Proportion (n.) The equality or similarity of ratios, especially of geometrical ratios; or a relation among quantities such that the quotient of the first divided by the second is equal to that of the third divided by the fourth; -- called also geometrical proportion, in distinction from arithmetical proportion, or that in which the difference of the first and second is equal to the difference of the third and fourth.

Protocanonical (a.) Of or pertaining to the first canon, or that which contains the authorized collection of the books of Scripture; -- opposed to deutero-canonical.

Protomartyr (n.) The first martyr; the first who suffers, or is sacrificed, in any cause; -- applied esp. to Stephen, the first Christian martyr.

Protoplasm (n.) The viscid and more or less granular material of vegetable and animal cells, possessed of vital properties by which the processes of nutrition, secretion, and growth go forward; the so-called " physical basis of life;" the original cell substance, cytoplasm, cytoblastema, bioplasm sarcode, etc.

Protoplast (n.) A first-formed organized body; the first individual, or pair of individuals, of a species.

Protoplasta (n. pl.) A division of fresh-water rhizopods including those that have a soft body and delicate branched pseudopodia. The genus Gromia is one of the best-known.

Protoplastic (a.) First-formed.

Protopope (n.) One of the clergy of first rank in the lower order of secular clergy; an archpriest; -- called also protopapas.

Protoxide (n.) That one of a series of oxides having the lowest proportion of oxygen. See Proto-, 2 (b).

Protozoonite (n.) One of the primary, or first-formed, segments of an embryonic arthropod.

Psilomelane (n.) A hydrous oxide of manganese, occurring in smooth, botryoidal forms, and massive, and having an iron-black or steel-gray color.

Psilopaedes (n. pl.) birds whose young at first have down on the pterylae only; -- called also Gymnopaedes.

Psilopaedic (a.) Having down upon the pterylae only; -- said of the young of certain birds.

Pteroceras (n.) A genus of large marine gastropods having the outer border of the lip divided into lobes; -- called also scorpion shell.

Pterosauria (n. pl.) An extinct order of flying reptiles of the Mesozoic age; the pterodactyls; -- called also Pterodactyli, and Ornithosauria.

Ptilopaedic (a.) Having nearly the whole surface of the skin covered with down; dasypaedic; -- said of the young of certain birds.

Pulmobranchiate (a. & n.) Same as Pulmonibranchiata, -ate.

Pulmonata (n. pl.) An extensive division, or sub-class, of hermaphrodite gastropods, in which the mantle cavity is modified into an air-breathing organ, as in Helix, or land snails, Limax, or garden slugs, and many pond snails, as Limnaea and Planorbis.

Pulsometer (n.) A device, with valves, for raising water by steam, partly by atmospheric pressure, and partly by the direct action of the steam on the water, without the intervention of a piston; -- also called vacuum pump.

Purport (n.) To intend to show; to intend; to mean; to signify; to import; -- often with an object clause or infinitive.

Purpose (v. t.) To propose, as an aim, to one's self; to determine upon, as some end or object to be accomplished; to intend; to design; to resolve; -- often followed by an infinitive or dependent clause.

Putlog (n.) One of the short pieces of timber on which the planks forming the floor of a scaffold are laid, -- one end resting on the ledger of the scaffold, and the other in a hole left in the wall temporarily for the purpose.

Pycnogonida (n. pl.) A class of marine arthropods in which the body is small and thin, and the eight legs usually very long; -- called also Pantopoda.

Pyrgom (n.) A variety of pyroxene; -- called also fassaite.

Quatorze (n.) The four aces, kings, queens, knaves, or tens, in the game of piquet; -- so called because quatorze counts as fourteen points.

Quinoidine (n.) A brownish resinous substance obtained as a by-product in the treatment of cinchona bark. It consists of a mixture of several alkaloids.

Quixotism (n.) That form of delusion which leads to extravagant and absurd undertakings or sacrifices in obedience to a morbidly romantic ideal of duty or honor, as illustrated by the exploits of Don Quixote in knight-errantry.

Radiotelegraphy (n.) Telegraphy using the radiant energy of electrical (Hertzian) waves; wireless telegraphy; -- the term adopted for use by the Radiotelegraphic Convention of 1912.

Raskolnik (n.) The name applied by the Russian government to any subject of the Greek faith who dissents from the established church. The Raskolniki embrace many sects, whose common characteristic is a clinging to antique traditions, habits, and customs. The schism originated in 1667 in an ecclesiastical dispute as to the correctness of the translation of the religious books. The dissenters, who have been continually persecuted, are believed to number about 20,000,000, although the Holy Synod > Ramrod (n.) The rod used in ramming home the charge in a muzzle-loading firearm.

Ramson (n.) A broad-leaved species of garlic (Allium ursinum), common in European gardens; -- called also buckram.

Rancor (n.) The deepest malignity or spite; deep-seated enmity or malice; inveterate hatred.

Random (n.) A roving motion; course without definite direction; want of direction, rule, or method; hazard; chance; -- commonly used in the phrase at random, that is, without a settled point of direction; at hazard.

Random (n.) The direction of a rake-vein.

Raptorial (a.) Rapacious; living upon prey; -- said especially of certain birds.

Raptorial (a.) Adapted for seizing prey; -- said of the legs, claws, etc., of insects, birds, and other animals.

Rational (a.) Expressing the type, structure, relations, and reactions of a compound; graphic; -- said of formulae. See under Formula.

Rationalism (n.) The system that makes rational power the ultimate test of truth; -- opposed to sensualism, or sensationalism, and empiricism.

Rattoon (n.) One of the stems or shoots of sugar cane of the second year's growth from the root, or later. See Plant-cane.

Reason (v. t.) To overcome or conquer by adducing reasons; -- with down; as, to reason down a passion.

Reason (v. t.) To find by logical processes; to explain or justify by reason or argument; -- usually with out; as, to reason out the causes of the librations of the moon.

Reckon (v. t.) To conclude, as by an enumeration and balancing of chances; hence, to think; to suppose; -- followed by an objective clause; as, I reckon he won't try that again.

Reckoning (n.) The calculation of a ship's position, either from astronomical observations, or from the record of the courses steered and distances sailed as shown by compass and log, -- in the latter case called dead reckoning (see under Dead); -- also used for dead reckoning in contradistinction to observation.

Recto (n.) The right-hand page; -- opposed to verso.

Redcoat (n.) One who wears a red coat; specifically, a red-coated British soldier.

Redtop (n.) A kind of grass (Agrostis vulgaris) highly valued in the United States for pasturage and hay for cattle; -- called also English grass, and in some localities herd's grass. See Illustration in Appendix. The tall redtop is Triodia seslerioides.

Respondent (n.) One who answers in certain suits or proceedings, generally those which are not according to the course of the common law, as in equity and admiralty causes, in petitions for partition, and the like; -- distinquished from appellant.

Respondent (n.) One who maintains a thesis in reply, and whose province it is to refute objections, or overthrow arguments; -- distinguished from opponent.

Responsion (n.) The first university examination; -- called also little go. See under Little, a.

Retrocedent (a.) Disposed or likely to retrocede; -- said of diseases which go from one part of the body to another, as the gout.

Retrograde (a.) Tending or moving backward; having a backward course; contrary; as, a retrograde motion; -- opposed to progressive.

Retrospective (a.) Looking backward; contemplating things past; -- opposed to prospective; as, a retrospective view.

Retrousse (a.) Turned up; -- said of a pug nose.

Retrousse (a.) Turned up; -- said of a pug nose.

Rhinolophid (n.) Any species of the genus Rhinilophus, or family Rhinolophidae, having a horseshoe-shaped nasal crest; a horseshoe bat.

Rhinophore (n.) One of the two tentacle-like organs on the back of the head or neck of a nudibranch or tectibranch mollusk. They are usually retractile, and often transversely furrowed or plicate, and are regarded as olfactory organs. Called also dorsal tentacles. See Illust. under Pygobranchia, and Opisthobranchia.

Rhinopome (n.) Any old-world bat of the genus Rhinopoma. The rhinopomes have a long tail extending beyond the web, and inhabit caves and tombs.

Rhizocarpous (a.) Having perennial rootstocks or bulbs, but annual flowering stems; -- said of all perennial herbs.

Rhizophagous (a.) Feeding on roots; root-eating.

Rhodochrosite (n.) Manganese carbonate, a rose-red mineral sometimes occuring crystallized, but generally massive with rhombohedral cleavage like calcite; -- called also dialogite.

Rhodonite (n.) Manganese spar, or silicate of manganese, a mineral occuring crystallised and in rose-red masses. It is often used as an ornamental stone.

Ribbon (n.) Same as Rib-band.

Ribwort (n.) A species of plantain (Plantago lanceolata) with long, narrow, ribbed leaves; -- called also rib grass, ripple grass, ribwort plantain.

Rinforzando (a.) Increasing; strengthening; -- a direction indicating a sudden increase of force (abbreviated rf., rfz.) Cf. Forzando, and Sforzando.

Rodeo (n.) A round-up. See Round-up.

Ruddock (n.) A piece of gold money; -- probably because the gold of coins was often reddened by copper alloy. Called also red ruddock, and golden ruddock.

Santoninic (a.) Of or pertaining to santonin; -- used specifically to designate an acid not known in the free state, but obtained in its salts.

Sapwood (n.) The alburnum, or part of the wood of any exogenous tree next to the bark, being that portion of the tree through which the sap flows most freely; -- distinguished from heartwood.

SarcoSarcoma (n.) A tumor of fleshy consistence; -- formerly applied to many varieties of tumor, now restricted to a variety of malignant growth made up of cells resembling those of fetal development without any proper intercellular substance.

Sarcophagous (a.) Feeding on flesh; flesh-eating; carnivorous.

Sarcophagus (n.) A coffin or chest-shaped tomb of the kind of stone described above; hence, any stone coffin.

Sarcophile (n.) A flesh-eating animal, especially any one of the carnivorous marsupials.

Sarcous (a.) Fleshy; -- applied to the minute structural elements, called sarcous elements, or sarcous disks, of which striated muscular fiber is composed.

Sardonic (a.) Forced; unnatural; insincere; hence, derisive, mocking, malignant, or bitterly sarcastic; -- applied only to a laugh, smile, or some facial semblance of gayety.

Sargo (n.) Any one of several species of sparoid fishes belonging to Sargus, Pomadasys, and related genera; -- called also sar, and saragu.

Sawhorse (n.) A kind of rack, shaped like a double St. Andrew's cross, on which sticks of wood are laid for sawing by hand; -- called also buck, and sawbuck.

Sawtooth (n.) An arctic seal (Lobodon carcinophaga), having the molars serrated; -- called also crab-eating seal.

Sambo (n.) In Central America, an Indian and negro half-breed, or mixed blood.

Schoolmistress (n.) A woman who governs and teaches a school; a female school-teacher.

Schooner (n.) A large goblet or drinking glass, -- used for lager beer or ale.

Scorodite (n.) A leek-green or brownish mineral occurring in orthorhombic crystals. It is a hydrous arseniate of iron.

Seagoing (a.) Going upon the sea; especially, sailing upon the deep sea; -- used in distinction from coasting or river, as applied to vessels.

Season (n.) One of the divisions of the year, marked by alternations in the length of day and night, or by distinct conditions of temperature, moisture, etc., caused mainly by the relative position of the earth with respect to the sun. In the north temperate zone, four seasons, namely, spring, summer, autumn, and winter, are generally recognized. Some parts of the world have three seasons, -- the dry, the rainy, and the cold; other parts have but two, -- the dry and the rainy.

Senior (n.) One in the fourth or final year of his collegiate course at an American college; -- originally called senior sophister; also, one in the last year of the course at a professional schools or at a seminary.

Sensory (a.) Of or pertaining to the sensorium or sensation; as, sensory impulses; -- especially applied to those nerves and nerve fibers which convey to a nerve center impulses resulting in sensation; also sometimes loosely employed in the sense of afferent, to indicate nerve fibers which convey impressions of any kind to a nerve center.

Sermon (n.) Hence, a serious address; a lecture on one's conduct or duty; an exhortation or reproof; a homily; -- often in a depreciatory sense.

Sexlocular (a.) Having six cells for seeds; six-celled; as, a sexlocular pericarp.

Sextodecimo (a.) Having sixteen leaves to a sheet; of, or equal to, the size of one fold of a sheet of printing paper when folded so as to make sixteen leaves, or thirty-two pages; as, a sextodecimo volume.

Sextodecimo (n.) A book composed of sheets each of which is folded into sixteen leaves; hence, indicating, more or less definitely, a size of a book; -- usually written 16mo, or 16?.

Signore (n.) Sir; Mr.; -- a title of address or respect among the Italians. Before a noun the form is Signor.

Signora (n.) Madam; Mrs; -- a title of address or respect among the Italians.

Signorina (n.) Miss; -- a title of address among the Italians.

Simoon (n.) A hot, dry, suffocating, dust-laden wind, that blows occasionally in Arabia, Syria, and neighboring countries, generated by the extreme heat of the parched deserts or sandy plains.

Siphonarid (n.) Any one of numerous species of limpet-shaped pulmonate gastropods of the genus Siphonaria. They cling to rocks between high and low water marks and have both lunglike organs and gills.

Siphoniferous (a.) Siphon-bearing, as the shell of the nautilus and other cephalopods.

Siphonophora (n. pl.) An order of pelagic Hydrozoa including species which form complex free-swimming communities composed of numerous zooids of various kinds, some of which act as floats or as swimming organs, others as feeding or nutritive zooids, and others as reproductive zooids. See Illust. under Physallia, and Porpita.

Siphonostomatous (a.) Having the front edge of the aperture of the shell prolonged in the shape of a channel for the protection of the siphon; -- said of certain gastropods.

Siscowet (n.) A large, fat variety of the namaycush found in Lake Superior; -- called also siskawet, siskiwit.

Sporophyte (n.) In plants exhibiting alternation of generations, the generation which bears asexual spores; -- opposed to gametophyte. It is not clearly differentiated in the life cycle of the lower plants.

Sporozoite (n.) In certain Sporozoa, a small active, usually elongate, sickle-shaped or somewhat amoeboid spore, esp. one of those produced by division of the passive spores into which the zygote divides. The sporozoites reproduce asexually.

Smilodon (n.) An extinct genus of saber-toothed tigers. See Mach/rodus.

Sparoid (a.) Of or pertaining to the Sparidae, a family of spinous-finned fishes which includes the scup, sheepshead, and sea bream.

Spinozism (n.) The form of Pantheism taught by Benedict Spinoza, that there is but one substance, or infinite essence, in the universe, of which the so-called material and spiritual beings and phenomena are only modes, and that one this one substance is God.

Statoblast (n.) One of a peculiar kind of internal buds, or germs, produced in the interior of certain Bryozoa and sponges, especially in the fresh-water species; -- also called winter buds.

Stenodermine (a.) Of or pertaining to the genus Stenoderma, which includes several West Indian and South American nose-leaf bats.

Stenostome (a.) Having a small or narrow mouth; -- said of certain small ground snakes (Opoterodonta), which are unable to dilate their jaws.

Stibonium (n.) The hypothetical radical SbH4, analogous to ammonium; -- called also antimonium.

Stylobate (n.) The uninterrupted and continuous flat band, coping, or pavement upon which the bases of a row of columns are supported. See Sub-base.

Styrolene (n.) An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C8H8, obtained by the distillation of storax, by the decomposition of cinnamic acid, and by the condensation of acetylene, as a fragrant, aromatic, mobile liquid; -- called also phenyl ethylene, vinyl benzene, styrol, styrene, and cinnamene.

Styrone (n.) A white crystalSundog (n.) A fragmentary rainbow; a small rainbow near the horizon; -- called also dog and weathergaw.

Sundowner (n.) A tramp or vagabond in the Australian bush; -- so called from his coming to sheep stations at sunset of ask for supper and a bed, when it is too late to work; -- called also traveler and swagman (but not all swagmen are sundowners).

Subconscious (a.) Occurring without the possibility or the fact of an attendant consciousness; -- said of states of the soul.

Subcontrary (a.) Having, or being in, a contrary order; -- said of a section of an oblique cone having a circular base made by a plane not parallel to the base, but so incSubdominant (n.) The fourth tone above, or fifth below, the tonic; -- so called as being under the dominant.

Subtonic (a.) Applied to, or distinguishing, a speech element consisting of tone, or proper vocal sound, not pure as in the vowels, but dimmed and otherwise modified by some kind of obstruction in the oral or the nasal passage, and in some cases with a mixture of breath sound; -- a term introduced by Dr. James Rush in 1833. See Guide to Pronunciation, //155, 199-202.

Subtonic (n.) The seventh tone of the scale, or that immediately below the tonic; -- called also subsemitone.

Suchospondylous (a.) Having dorsal vertebrae with long and divided transverse processes; -- applied to certain reptiles.

Summon (v. t.) To call, bid, or cite; to notify to come to appear; -- often with up.

Sunbonnet (n.) A bonnet, generally made of some thin or light fabric, projecting beyond the face, and commonly having a cape, -- worn by women as a protection against the sun.

Sundown (n.) A kind of broad-brimmed sun hat worn by women.

Surmounted (a.) Having its vertical height greater than the half span; -- said of an arch.

Surmounted (a.) Partly covered by another charge; -- said of an ordinary or other bearing.

Systole (n.) The contraction of the heart and arteries by which the blood is forced onward and the circulation kept up; also, the contraction of a rhythmically pulsating contractile vacuole; -- correlative to diastole.

Symbolics (n.) that branch of historic theology which treats of creeds and confessions of faith; symbolism; -- called also symbolic.

Symposium (n.) A collection of short essays by different authors on a common topic; -- so called from the appellation given to the philosophical dialogue by the Greeks.

Syntonin (n.) A proteid substance (acid albumin) formed from the albuminous matter of muscle by the action of dilute acids; -- formerly called musculin. See Acid albumin, under Albumin.

Systole (n.) The contraction of the heart and arteries by which the blood is forced onward and the circulation kept up; -- correlative to diastole.

Taboo (n.) A total prohibition of intercourse with, use of, or approach to, a given person or thing under pain of death, -- an interdict of religious origin and authority, formerly common in the islands of Polynesia; interdiction.

Tailor (n.) The mattowacca; -- called also tailor herring.

Tambour (n.) A small frame, commonly circular, and somewhat resembling a tambourine, used for stretching, and firmly holding, a portion of cloth that is to be embroidered; also, the embroidery done upon such a frame; -- called also, in the latter sense, tambour work.

Tardo (a.) Slow; -- a direction to perform a passage slowly.

Tattoo (n.) An indelible mark or figure made by puncturing the skin and introducing some pigment into the punctures; -- a mode of ornamentation practiced by various barbarous races, both in ancient and modern times, and also by some among civilized nations, especially by sailors.

Tautog (n.) An edible labroid fish (Haitula onitis, or Tautoga onitis) of the Atlantic coast of the United States. When adult it is nearly black, more or less irregularly barred, with greenish gray. Called also blackfish, oyster fish, salt-water chub, and moll.

Tautology (n.) A repetition of the same meaning in different words; needless repetition of an idea in different words or phrases; a representation of anything as the cause, condition, or consequence of itself, as in the following Tambourine (n.) A South American wild dove (Tympanistria tympanistria), mostly white, with black-tiped wings and tail. Its resonant note is said to be ventriloquous.

Tango (n.) A difficult dance in two-four time characterized by graceful posturing, frequent pointing positions, and a great variety of steps, including the cross step and turning steps. The dance is of Spanish origin, and is believed to have been in its original form a part of the fandango.

Tenno (n.) Lit., King of Heaven; -- a title of the emperor of Japan as the head of the Shinto religion.

Tectorial (a.) Of or pertaining to covering; -- applied to a membrane immediately over the organ of Corti in the internal ear.

Teinoscope (n.) An instrument formed by combining prisms so as to correct the chromatic aberration of the light while Temporal (n.) Anything temporal or secular; a temporality; -- used chiefly in the plural.

Temporality (n.) The state or quality of being temporary; -- opposed to perpetuity.

Temporality (n.) That which pertains to temporal welfare; material interests; especially, the revenue of an ecclesiastic proceeding from lands, tenements, or lay fees, tithes, and the like; -- chiefly used in the plural.

Temporariness (n.) The quality or state of being temporary; -- opposed to perpetuity.

Tensor (n.) The ratio of one vector to another in length, no regard being had to the direction of the two vectors; -- so called because considered as a stretching factor in changing one vector into another. See Versor.

Tenuous (a.) Rare; subtile; not dense; -- said of fluids.

Tetrol (n.) A hypothetical hydrocarbon, C4H4, analogous to benzene; -- so called from the four carbon atoms in the molecule.

Teuton (n.) A member of the Teutonic branch of the Indo-European, or Aryan, family.

Tharos (n.) A small American butterfly (Phycoides tharos) having the upper surface of the wings variegated with orange and black, the outer margins black with small white crescents; -- called also pearl crescent.

Thorough bass () The representation of chords by figures placed under the base; figured bass; basso continuo; -- sometimes used as synonymous with harmony.

Thoroughgoing (a.) Going all lengths; extreme; thoroughplaced; -- less common in this sense.

Thymol (n.) A phenol derivative of cymene, C10H13.OH, isomeric with carvacrol, found in oil of thyme, and extracted as a white crystalThyroid (a.) Shaped like an oblong shield; shield-shaped; as, the thyroid cartilage.

Titmouse (n.) Any one of numerous species of small insectivorous singing birds belonging to Parus and allied genera; -- called also tit, and tomtit.

Tomcod (n.) A small edible American fish (Microgadus tomcod) of the Codfish family, very abundant in autumn on the Atlantic coast of the Northen United States; -- called also frostfish. See Illust. under Frostfish.

Tongo (n.) The mangrove; -- so called in the Pacific Islands.

Tortoise (n.) having a color like that of a tortoise's shell, black with white and orange spots; -- used mostly to describe cats of that color.

Tortoise (n.) a tortoise-shell cat.

Tragopan (n.) Any one of several species of Asiatic pheasants of the genus Ceriornis. They are brilliantly colored with a variety of tints, the back and breast are usually covered with white or buff ocelli, and the head is ornamented with two bright-colored, fleshy wattles. The crimson tragopan, or horned pheasant (C. satyra), of India is one of the best-known species.

Trefoil (n.) Any plant of the genus Trifolium, which includes the white clover, red clover, etc.; -- less properly, applied also to the nonesuch, or black medic. See Clover, and Medic.

Tremolo (n.) A certain contrivance in an organ, which causes the notes to sound with rapid pulses or beats, producing a tremulous effect; -- called also tremolant, and tremulant.

Tricolor (n.) Hence, any three-colored flag.

Tricostate (a.) Three-ribbed; having three ribs from the base.

Trikosane (n.) A hydrocarbon, C23H48, of the methane series, resembling paraffin; -- so called because it has twenty-three atoms of carbon in the molecule.

Trimorphous (a.) Of, pertaining to, or characterized by, trimorphism; -- contrasted with monomorphic, dimorphic, and polymorphic.

Trimorphism (n.) The coexistence among individuals of the same species of three distinct forms, not connected, as a rule, by intermediate gradations; the condition among individuals of the same species of having three different shapes or proportions of corresponding parts; -- contrasted with polymorphism, and dimorphism.

Trinomial (n.) A quantity consisting of three terms, connected by the sign + or -; as, x + y + z, or ax + 2b - c2.

Tripod (n.) A three-legged frame or stand, usually jointed at top, for supporting a theodolite, compass, telescope, camera, or other instrument.

Tripodian (n.) An ancient stringed instrument; -- so called because, in form, it resembled the Delphic tripod.

Trisoctahedron (n.) A solid of the isometric system bounded by twenty-four equal faces, three corresponding to each face of an octahedron.

Triton (n.) Any one of numerous species of aquatic salamanders. The common European species are Hemisalamandra cristata, Molge palmata, and M. alpestris, a red-bellied species common in Switzerland. The most common species of the United States is Diemyctylus viridescens. See Illust. under Salamander.

Troco (n.) An old English game; -- called also lawn billiards.

Turbot (n.) The filefish; -- so called in Bermuda.

Unicorn (n.) A fabulous animal with one horn; the monoceros; -- often represented in heraldry as a supporter.

Unicorn (n.) A two-horned animal of some unknown kind, so called in the Authorized Version of the Scriptures.

Unicorn (n.) The kamichi; -- called also unicorn bird.

Unicornous (a.) Having but a single horn; -- said of certain insects.

Unicostate (a.) Having a single rib or strong nerve running upward from the base; -- said of a leaf.

Uniformism (n.) The doctrine of uniformity in the geological history of the earth; -- in part equivalent to uniformitarianism, but also used, more broadly, as opposed to catastrophism.

Unipolar (a.) Having but one pole or process; -- applied to those ganglionic nerve cells which have but one radiating process; -- opposed to multipolar.

Univocal (a.) Having one meaning only; -- contrasted with equivocal.

Unlooked (a.) Not observed or foreseen; unexpected; -- generally with for.

Upokororo (n.) An edible fresh-water New Zealand fish (Prototroctes oxyrhynchus) of the family Haplochitonidae. In general appearance and habits, it resembles the northern lake whitefishes and trout. Called also grayling.

Urceolus (n.) Any urn-shaped organ of a plant.

Uredospore (n.) The thin-walled summer spore which is produced during the so-called Uredo stage of certain rusts. See (in the Supplement) Uredinales, Heter/cious, etc.

Urosome (n.) The abdomen, or post-abdomen, of arthropods.

Variorum (a.) Containing notes by different persons; -- applied to a publication; as, a variorum edition of a book.

Victoria (n.) One of an American breed of medium-sized white hogs with a slightly dished face and very erect ears.

Verdoy (a.) Charged with leaves, fruits, flowers, etc.; -- said of a border.

Verso (n.) The reverse, or left-hand, page of a book or a folded sheet of paper; -- opposed to recto.

Victor (n.) The winner in a contest; one who gets the better of another in any struggle; esp., one who defeats an enemy in battle; a vanquisher; a conqueror; -- often followed by art, rarely by of.

Victoria (n.) A genus of aquatic plants named in honor of Queen Victoria. The Victoria regia is a native of Guiana and Brazil. Its large, spreading leaves are often over five feet in diameter, and have a rim from three to five inches high; its immense rose-white flowers sometimes attain a diameter of nearly two feet.

Victoria (n.) A kind of low four-wheeled pleasure carriage, with a calash top, designed for two persons and the driver who occupies a high seat in front.

Victoria (n.) An asteroid discovered by Hind in 1850; -- called also Clio.

Victory (n.) The defeat of an enemy in battle, or of an antagonist in any contest; a gaining of the superiority in any struggle or competition; conquest; triumph; -- the opposite of defeat.

Violone (n.) The largest instrument of the bass-viol kind, having strings tuned an octave below those of the violoncello; the contrabasso; -- called also double bass.

Vireo (n.) Any one of numerous species of American singing birds belonging to Vireo and allied genera of the family Vireonidae. In many of the species the back is greenish, or olive-colored. Called also greenlet.

Volborthite (n.) A mineral occurring in small six-sided tabular crystals of a green or yellow color. It is a hydrous vanadate of copper and lime.

Volvox (n.) A genus of minute, pale-green, globular, organisms, about one fiftieth of an inch in diameter, found rolling through water, the motion being produced by minute colorless cilia. It has been considered as belonging to the flagellate Infusoria, but is now referred to the vegetable kingdom, and each globule is considered a colony of many individuals. The commonest species is Volvox globator, often called globe animalcule.

Waahoo (n.) The burning bush; -- said to be called after a quack medicine made from it.

Wanton (n.) A roving, frolicsome thing; a trifler; -- used rarely as a term of endearment.

Warmouth (n.) An American freshwater bream, or sunfish (Chaenobryttus gulosus); -- called also red-eyed bream.

Wahoo (n.) A certain shrub (Evonymus atropurpureus) having purple capsules which in dehiscence expose the scarlet-ariled seeds; -- called also burning bush.

Webfoot (n.) Any web-footed bird.

Weroole (n.) An Australian lorikeet (Ptilosclera versicolor) noted for the variety of its colors; -- called also varied lorikeet.

Willow (n.) A machine in which cotton or wool is opened and cleansed by the action of long spikes projecting from a drum which revolves within a box studded with similar spikes; -- probably so called from having been originally a cylindrical cage made of willow rods, though some derive the term from winnow, as denoting the winnowing, or cleansing, action of the machine. Called also willy, twilly, twilly devil, and devil.

Winsome (a.) Cheerful; merry; gay; light-hearted.

Without (conj.) Unless; except; -- introducing a clause.

Wittol (n.) A man who knows his wife's infidelity and submits to it; a tame cuckold; -- so called because the cuckoo lays its eggs in the wittol's nest.

Xiphophyllous (a.) Having sword-shaped leaves.

Yaupon (n.) A shrub (Ilex Cassine) of the Holly family, native from Virginia to Florida. The smooth elliptical leaves are used as a substitute for tea, and were formerly used in preparing the black drink of the Indians of North Carolina. Called also South-Sea tea.

Yellowammer (n.) See Yellow-hammer.

Yellowbird (n.) The common yellow warbler; -- called also summer yellowbird. See Illust. of Yellow warbler, under Yellow, a.

Yellowfish (n.) A rock trout (Pleurogrammus monopterygius) found on the coast of Alaska; -- called also striped fish, and Atka mackerel.

Yellowlegs (n.) Any one of several species of long-legged sandpipers of the genus Totanus, in which the legs are bright yellow; -- called also stone snipe, tattler, telltale, yellowshanks; and yellowshins. See Tattler, 2.

Yellowtail (n.) Any one of several species of marine carangoid fishes of the genus Seriola; especially, the large California species (S. dorsalis) which sometimes weighs thirty or forty pounds, and is highly esteemed as a food fish; -- called also cavasina, and white salmon.

Yellowwort (n.) A European yellow-flowered, gentianaceous (Chlora perfoliata). The whole plant is intensely bitter, and is sometimes used as a tonic, and also in dyeing yellow.

Yellow (a.) Sensational; -- said of some newspapers, their makers, etc.; as, yellow journal, journalism, etc.

Zincoid (a.) Pertaining to, or resembling, zinc; -- said of the electricity of the zincous plate in connection with a copper plate in a voltaic circle; also, designating the positive pole.

Zircon (n.) A mineral occurring in tetragonal crystals, usually of a brown or gray color. It consists of silica and zirconia. A red variety, used as a gem, is called hyacinth. Colorless, pale-yellow or smoky-brown varieties from Ceylon are called jargon.

Zirconium (n.) A rare element of the carbon-silicon group, intermediate between the metals and nonmetals, obtained from the mineral zircon as a dark sooty powder, or as a gray metallic crystalZircono () See Zirco-.

Zirconoid (n.) A double eight-sided pyramid, a form common with tetragonal crystals; -- so called because this form often occurs in crystals of zircon.

Zootomy (n.) The dissection or the anatomy of animals; -- distinguished from androtomy.

Zumbooruk (n.) A small cannon supported by a swiveled rest on the back of a camel, whence it is fired, -- used in the East.

About the author

Mark McCracken Author: Mark McCracken is a corporate trainer and author living in Higashi Osaka, Japan. He is the author of thousands of online articles as well as the Business English textbook, "25 Business Skills in English".

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